IN THE BUBBLE JOHN THACKARA - witz cultural

Notes to Pages 204–205 277
59. George Metakides and Thomas Skordas, ‘‘Major Challenges in Ambient Intelligence’’
(presentation at ‘‘Tales of the Disappearing Computer,’’ Santorini, Greece,
June 2003, available at http://ilios.cti.gr/DCTales/presentations/Santorini_TALES
_GM_TSk_light.pdf).
60. Greger Linden, ‘‘Proactive Computing and Proact’’ (presentation at ‘‘Tales of
the Disappearing Computer,’’ Santorini, Greece, June 2003). The archive for Proact
(The Research Programme on Proactive Computing), the consortium Linden leads,
is available at http://www.aka.fi/index.asp?id=c36cc39f901d43279aa3c90cd5934a4c.
61. Scott Makeig, ‘‘New Insights into Human Brain Dynamics’’ (presentation at
Society for Psychophysiological Research Symposium, San Diego, Calif., October 22,
2000), available at http://www.sccn.ucsd.edu/~scott/spr00.html. According to
Makeig, ‘‘rapid advances in available technology for recording high-density EEG,
MEG and MRI signals from the human brain afford an unprecedented opportunity
to observe and model human brain dynamics during a very wide range of human experience
and task performance. Interpreting the mass of derived data requires new
computational tools.’’
62. In their search to determine cognitive and emotional states of mind remotely,
researchers are developing techniques to measure a person’s pupil dilation, where a
person is looking, and how much cognitive effort is required. See William S. Riippi,
‘‘Identification Systems: Policy, Process, and Technology—Choices for an Integrated
Solution’’ (presentation at GTC West, 2003), available as part of ‘‘Public Safety
& Homeland Security Speeches’’ on the MTG Management Consultants website at
http://www.mtgmc.com/expertise/speeches_ps.shtml.
63. Intel explains that ‘‘the emergence of a new genre of machine learning tools
firmly grounded in statistical methods is particularly exciting. Systems use uncertainty
to support robotic hypothesis generation, a key stepping stone to anticipation.’’
Intel’s vision on proactive computing and its possible applications is
described in ‘‘Exploratory Research: A Future of Proactive Computing,’’ available on
the Intel website at http://www.intel.com/research/exploratory/. For its part, IBM
plans to create ‘‘systems that configure and manage themselves under human supervision—an
approach often called autonomic computing.’’ IBM concedes, in an aside,
that the introduction of autonomic computing ‘‘will change the relationships between
systems and people’’ and that ‘‘not a lot is known about this kind of transformation
in the human-computer relationship.’’ From the online summary of the
Conference on the Human Impact and Application of Autonomic Computing Systems,
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown, N.Y., April 21, 2004, available at
http://www.almaden.ibm.com/asr/chiacs.
64. M. Satyanarayanan, ‘‘A Catalyst for Mobile and Ubiquitous Computing,’’ Pervasive
Computing: Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems 1, no. 1 ( January–March 2002), 5.
Satyanarayanan is the journal’s editor.