FP-96 English Version - Eastern Federal Lands Highway Division

Section 562Do not use form ties consisting of twisted wire loops. Use form ties and anchorsthat can be removed without damaging the concrete surface. Constructmetal ties or anchorages within the forms to permit their removal to a depth ofat least 1 inch from the face without damage to the concrete. Fill cavities withcement mortar and finish to a sound, smooth, uniform colored surface.Construct all exposed concrete surfaces that will not be completely enclosedor hidden below the permanent ground surface so the formed surface of theconcrete does not undulate more than 0.1 inch or 1/360 of the center to centerdistance between studs, joists, form stiffeners, form fasteners, or wales. Interiorsurfaces of underground drainage structures are considered to be completelyenclosed surfaces. Form all exposed surfaces for each element of aconcrete structure with the same forming material or with materials that producesimilar surface textures, color, and appearance.Support roadway slab forms of box girder type structures on wales or similarsupports fastened, as nearly as possible, to the top of the web walls.Construct concrete forms mortar-tight, true to the dimensions, lines, andgrades of the structure, and of sufficient strength to prevent appreciable deflectionduring placement of concrete. Place all material required to be embeddedin the concrete before concrete placement. Clean inside surfaces of forms ofall dirt, mortar and foreign material. Remove all loose material before thecompletion of forming for the roadway deck slab of cast-in-place box girdersor cells or voids of other members in which the forms are to either remain inplace or be removed.Form exposed curved surfaces to follow the shape of the curve, except onretaining walls that follow a horizontal curve. The wall stems may be a seriesof short chords if all of the following apply:` Chords within the panel are the same length.` Chords do not vary from a true curve by more than 0.5 inches at anypoint.` All panel points are on the true curve.When architectural treatment is required, make the angle points for chords inwall stems fall at vertical rustication joints.487