Appendix 6 - International Music Council

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18. The standards regulating musical diversity
• Cite
examples of government or government-induced regulations intended to promote
music al diversity or freedom of musical expressions OR to limit them. Refer to the fields
shown below. In each case, if possible, give briefly the rationale for the regulation. In each
case, are the regulations enforced?
- Broadcasting. For instance, are there examples of the use of regulations to
require the broadcast of local music, or regulations to require the broadcast
of some forms of music but not others, or regulations to prohibit the
broadcast of some forms of music?
Broadcasting
music is problematic. The reason is that there is no “standard regulation”
as to which music should be promoted. National policy intends
to keep all of the music
alive, so ideally government should provide equal chance to group of music to perform
in public radio or television. However, in reality government officials often find
difficulty to manage the goal. Because budget for music is limited (most likely that the
budget is for cultural or art performance, not for music performance)
and yet there are
many music to promote at one occasion, he/she tends to prefer the
music that is familiar
to his/her ears. Local radio (owned by the government) in Surakarta, Central Java,
for
exam ple, prefers to broadcast traditional music (gamelan music) that people think to
represent
the image of “classical culture” assuming that this policy expresses the
mission
of the regent. Solo (the popular name for Surakarta) is one of the cultural
centers
originated from the courts must keep the classical music. This is to emphasize
and to promote the image of Solo as “The Cultural City” (Kota Budaya). By
broadcas ting such music the listeners also can keep the identity of their town. In this
example, the radio officer ignores other kinds of music (folk music, traditional singing,
etc) assuming that the music are not relevant to represent the regent symbol: classical
culture.
The private
radio and televison, on the other hand, has more freedom to choose what
music to show for audiences. Because this stations rely their budget on their own
incom e, and they do not get financial assistance from the government, they intend to get
as much
as profit possible by presenting music that most audiences (especially youth)
like to
listen (even if they are aware that they should have given chance to native music
to be aired). Thus, they tend to air popular music and ignore traditional music in their
program,
creating distance between youth and local and native music.
- New media. Are there parallel requirements in the regulation of new media
that would favour or disfavour some forms of music? (New media: for
instance, the internet.)
- E-commerce. Are there parallel requirements in the regulation of ecommerce
that would favour or disfavour some forms of music? (Ecommerce
in music: trade in music digitally embodied or delivered.
Overlaps with new media.)
Internet and digital technology are new so there is no regulation yet
as to how to use it yet. Like in television program where one can
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