COUV ACTES - Psychologie communautaire

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Community Psychology: Common Values, Diverse PracticesStigma and preconceptions against RomaSignificant stigmatization, preconceptions and negative media coverage of topics called "Romany problem","Romany problem", "Romany issue", do not contribute positively towards the Romany identity crisis, or helpovercome the fragmentation of ethnicity and inexperience on the Romany political scene, like its repeated failurewith elections and thus making it impossible to actively participate with decisions regarding their own ethnicdevelopmental issues during the transformational process. Conversely, some previously mentioned factors whichoperated throughout the 20th century, such as the development and status of the Roma ethnic group, togetherwith other factors, continue to deepen the enormous problems and risks of this minority group. The high numberof long term unemployed, the collapse of whole communities within social networks, the deepening poverty in thesettlements, worsening health conditions, inability to solve their own existential problems, increasing crime,aggression and growth of animosities between the majority and the Romany ethnic group.Preconceptions toward Roma are also a concern in education, such as claims that Roma have a negative attitudetowards education. However, research by Minova (2009) found these preconceptions to be invalid. „Roma claimthat it is essential that their children go to school and learn Slovak. They consider pre-school education a goodpreparation for primary school“.The problem viewed from the outside, is very often seen as the ethnic distinction and assessment of Roma,usually through visual anthropological characters (as the Roma suffer negatively). Racist prejudices by themajority, applied without distinction to all Roma and the display of various forms of distance behaviour, becomesa very difficult burden on the Roma.This is highlighted by the "voluntary" waiver of his identity and the attempts of assimilation by the majority.Geographically, the Roma minority is deployed throughout Slovakia and is particularly concentrated in thesouthern and eastern areas and specifically up until the 20 th century, the Roma minority in isolated, backwardsettlements was barely surviving. The conditions and way of life for this minority are reflected by the marks left onthe sites and regions inhabited (accumulation of poor, uneducated and culturally backward, huge populationincreases and also an increase in the number of settlements) with increasing environmental devastation andoverpopulation in very close proximities. Romany settlements and residential groups of the very low socio-culturallevel are negative consequences of the states approach, towards issues addressing housing the problems of itscitizens. Post-war, Roma were refused integration into communities of the majority population (where theyhistorically and administratively belonged). They were driven further into isolation from civilization.In Slovakia there are still a lot of different defective Romany settlements (segregated and isolated settlements,separated or single street villages in rural locations, neighbourhoods and ghettos in the cities, settlementsdissipated within the majority). Romany housing, together with some further specifics of their total way of life, is afrequent cause of conflict between the Romany minority and the majority of society, which culminates in tensionsand is not a good example of coexistence (Rosinsky, 2006). According to the author, negative experiences areviewed as typical of the whole community. On this basis, some Roma inadequately respond in return, maybeeven worse and then a vicious cycle begins.129
Community Psychology: Common Values, Diverse PracticesConclusionA calculation and brief description of individual groups of Roma in Slovakia and in Europe is not and can not beexhaustive. Exploring the entire territory of Europe, the cultural "accommodation" acculturation competencies,social and economic pressures, often minimum requirements for everyday comforts of life and many otherqualities, abilities and circumstances do not permit the perfect capture of the diversity, richness, cultural andsocial diversity of Romany groups. Although in the Europe there are still many exclusive culture-social groups,un-openness of the Romany community is still extremely strong.ReferencesDUBAYOVÁ, M. 2001. Rómovia v procesoch kultúrnej zmeny [Roma in the processes of cultural change].Prešov: FF PU, 2001. ISBN 80-8068-059-0.HANCOCK, I. 2005. My rómsky národ. Ame sam e Romane džene [We, the Romany nation]. Bratislava: PetrusPublisher, 2005. ISBN 80-88939-97-6.JUROVÁ, A. 2003. From leaving the homeland to the first assimilation measures. In: ČAČIPEN PAL O ROMA, AGlobal report on Roma in Slovakia. Bratislava: Institute for Public Affairs, 2003. ISBN 80−88935−46−6 ,EAN 9788088935469.JUROVÁ, A. 2005. Rómovia na Slovensku [Roma in Slovakia]. In: ROMANO NEVO ĽIL, nezávislé kultúrno –spoločenské noviny Rómov na Slovensku. Prešov: Združenie JEKHETANE-SPOLU, 2005 [online]. Publikované28.01.2005, Téma: 677-683; http://www.rnl.sk/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=2079.LEHOCZKÁ, L. 2006. Kultúrna identita Rómov [Cultural identity of Roma]. Nitra: UKF FSVZ, 2006. ISBN 80-8050-945-X.MINOVA, M. 2009. Materská škola očami odborníkov a laikov [View of kindergarten by experts and laymen]. In:Zborník príspevkov z odborno – vedeckej konferencie s medzinárodnou účasťou Od detskej opatrovnek materskej škole. Banská Bystrica: SV OMEP, Spoločnosť pre predškolskú výchovu, 2009. ISBN 978-80-970266-0-8.ROSINSKÝ, R. 2006. Čhavale Romale alebo Motivácia rómskych žiakov k učeniu [Čhavale Romale or Motivationof Romany pupils to learning]. Nitra: UKF FSV, 2006. ISBN 80-8050-955-7.Photo 1 Living standard of a Slovak Romany family from the low social – economic level130
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COUV ACTES - Psychologie communautaire

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