COUV ACTES - Psychologie communautaire

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Community Psychology: Common Values, Diverse PracticesThus, there is evidence that children who feel connected to the children in their afterschool program and feel thatthe group is empowered to positively influence each other are more likely to demonstrate positive adjustment,less likely to have positive smoking attitudes and indirectly to report less actual smoking behavior.GradeGender-.02 .21.34.21e2SDQDifficulties Scale-.27COLLECTIVE EFFICACYe1-.34.01e4like to try smoking someday?.76tried smoking already?e5Fit IndexCollective Efficacy Modelx 27.92(7), p>.05CFI .99RMSEA .027Figure 1 – Longitudinal Empirical Model of Children’s Collective Efficacy (Wave 1), Adjustment (Wave 2), andSmoking Attitudes and Initiation (Wave 2)273
Community Psychology: Common Values, Diverse PracticesParticipatory visual methods: implications for practiceby Ryan Woolrych 1 & Judith Sixsmith 1Participatory visual methods are considered a powerful tool for facilitating the active participation andempowerment of research participants (Mayer, 2000). It is suggested that the approach can facilitate theindividual development of research participants, providing a stimulus for reflection, self-expression andconfidence-building (Shaw and Robertson, 1998). From a research perspective, it reveals deeper insights into thesocial world of the research participants, where rich narrative accounts can be developed from the visual imagerycollected (Banks, 2001). This paper provides reflections from a project which explored residents’ experiences ofliving within an area of regeneration, using visual imagery as a fundamental aspect of the methodology (throughsix video/photographic diaries). Close working relationships were developed between the researcher and thelocal resident, which provided deep experiential understandings and insights of local residents lives. Furthermore,the visual imagery and accompanying resident narratives produced findings which were illuminating to theprofessional, resident and academic community; a method which prompted discussion, reflection and positivechange in a process of action research. This paper provides the reflections from the researcher and localresidents in the aftermath of the project.IntroductionVisual methods have been an increasingly used research method within the social sciences, where visualimagery can be seen as an important vehicle for enhanced understanding and meaning making in the researchprocess (Reavey and Johnson, 2008). In social representation theory visual imagery is seen as key tocommunicating new forms of meaning which reach beyond other linguistic forms (Moscovici, 1994, p.164). Visualmethods can also be used participatively where they have been used as a tool for articulating experiences andinterpreting meaning and context in the lives of individuals or groups of people. Visual data, such as photographyor the collection of other visual material, can be used to facilitate an understanding of everyday life experiencesamongst participants. Importantly, visual methodologies can be used as participatory tools for empoweringindividuals or groups who traditionally feel voiceless, disenfranchised or excluded from mainstream activity (Pink,2001). Shaw and Robertson (1997) argue that visual methods can act as a tool for social action in whichresidents can cultivate their attitudes to their environment. As such, it can promote a sense of empowermentwhereby previously silenced residents feel they have something valuable to contribute and debate and to find away to express themselves through the powerful medium of the visual image.1Manchester Metropolitan University274
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COUV ACTES - Psychologie communautaire

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