Modul de formare-Managementul resurselor financiare - uefiscdi

Generally, the public funds planned for students are allocated according to regulatory
standards. The scoring for the standards used in the funding model varies between 1.0 and
4.7. The scores reflect the differences in the programs cost for different disciplines. At
university level, five equivalents are used while at postgraduate level are used three different
tariffs and two at the university research level.
The total budget allocated to the higher education is a macro predetermined budget. The
financing for universities, including investment and research funds are allocated as a global
amount for the entire set of academic activities. The performance indicators are used only for
the research component. The education financing is based entirely on inputs.
The operating grants for universities include also, funds for research. These take into
consideration the income from research (60%), the students engaged in research (30%) and
publications (10%). Since 2003 there are considered three more types of outputs: permits
(licenses), arbitration projects and expositions.
In addition to the research funds allocated through operational grants, the Australian
Government provides additional resources for research on a project basis. A part of these funds
is distributed by the Australian Research Council, currently a second form of research funding
(providing about 6% of university revenues).
The trends of the Australian system of funding in higher education are directed towards the
vouchers system, the students obtaining vouchers that can be marketed for the educational
services. In this system of financing, the consumer coordinates the system, which is being
oriented towards demand.
1.4. The funding strategy of the public higher education institutions in Romania
In the first 5-6 years of the period after 1990, on one hand, the financing of higher education
institutions has been removed from local budgets and the ministries, and on the other hand, the
funding sources outside the budget have been expanded by micro-budget activities and services,
introduction of fees, scientific research, foreign loans, etc..
Despite the diversification of the outside budget sources, their share in the revenue and
expenditure budgets decreased first of all, due to contraction of the activity of micro-production
and research, but also due the lack of control over the record and ways on how these revenues
are spent. In real terms, the volume of budget appropriations has decreased also with a negative
effect, materialized in the evolution of the average costs per student.
The changes that occurred in the financing of Romanian education system, was strongly
influenced by the increased number of higher education institutions, and thus the number of
students. The number of the higher education institutions is 2.9 times higher in 2009 compared
to 1990, and the number of students has tripled.
Between 1997-2000 it has been developed a reform program to complete the transition, to link
the education system to the needs and the traditions of Romania and make it compatible with
European references. As a result, at the end of 2000, Romania presents a legislation, institutions
and educational policies consistent with those of European Community.
In 1999 it has passed to the global funding of universities, which drew their financial
autonomy and their connection to the international system.The administrative and academic
management have been delineated in the modern sense. It switched to funding from multiple
resources of the universities in line with European trends.
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