Entrepreneuriel Kognition - Aarhus Universitet

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Abstract This thesis will examine and present a framework on how cognitive processes can be understood in an entrepreneurial process. It is an interessting research area, because an entrepreneurial cognitive approach is concerned with how entrepreneurs think and especially with how entrepreneurs sees and acts upon opportunities. How entrepreneurs sees and acts upon opportunities can be related to a widely accepted definition of entrepreneurship, which has been introduced by Shane & Venkataraman. This definition suggest that entrepreneurship can be understood as a nexus involving lucrative opportunities and enterprising individuals and can be seen as a process where entrepreneurs go through an discovery-stage, an evaluation-stage and an exploitation-stage, when they carry out an opportunity. This way of defining entrepreneurship seems to be inspired in large by Kirzner and the cognitive psychology. Since this definition is wiedely accepted, and it is inspired by the cognitive psychology, it is necessary to understand the cognitive perspective in this particular definition. Hereunder to examine and present an in-depth cognitive framework involving how cognitive processes can be understood in each of the above mentioned stages in the entrepreneurial process. By understanding this subject area this paper could contribute to clerify which cognitive processes entrepreneurs uses when they discover, evaluates and acts upon opportunities. This thesis will first introduce how the cognitive psycology can be perceived and understood. The purpose of this introduction is to give a short overview of some cognitve concepts i.e how perception and how cognitive schemas can be understood. This is mainly done to enhance the understanding for the cognitve perspective of entrepreneurial cognition and how Kirzners entrepreneurial ideology can be related to the cognition tradition. Secondly the concept of the entrepreneur is examined. The theoretical approach is primerely focused on how entrepreneurship can be understood from an individual-oriented point of view, by looking into the different roles an entrepreneur can play in an economic context. This leads to Shane & Venkataramans definition of the individual-opportunity nexus and the entrepreneurial proces. The defintion is then unfolded and the inspiration from Kirzner and the cognitive tradition
in this definition is displayed. This enhances and legitimizes why entrepreneurial thinking and cognitve processes are interessting objects of investigation in the entrepreneurial proces. This leads to the presentation of the two cognitive research areas, entrepreneurial perceived connections and alertness theory and entrepreneuriel heuristics-based logic. Cognitive processes underlying these two research areas are investigated. The cognitive focus is mainly placed on how entrepreneurs identify opportunies and how entrepreneurs decides to carry out opportunities. Later the presented cognitive processes is discussed and integrated with the entrepreneurial proces. A framework unfolds and thus answers the thesis main research question. The frameworks aspects and perspectives are pointed out and discussed, which leads to some interesting results regarding certain theoretical limitations and issues when dealing with integreting entrepreneurship and cognitive processes.
Page 1: Entrepreneuriel Kognition En teoret
Page 5 and 6: Indholdsfortegnelse Abstract Forord
Page 7 and 8: 4.15 Affect infusion...............
Page 9 and 10: Kapitel 1. Indledning Denne afhandl
Page 11 and 12: 2) Hvorfor, hvornår og hvordan opd
Page 13 and 14: idrage til bedre at forstå, hvad k
Page 15 and 16: 1.7 Afhandlingens opbygning og disp
Page 17 and 18: Kapitel 2. Den Kognitive Tradition
Page 19 and 20: Nedenfor vil der nu blive præsente
Page 21 and 22: 2.4 Kategorisering Rosch (1978) vid
Page 23 and 24: 3.1 Entrepreneurship i et teorihist
Page 25 and 26: educere en risiko og på den måde
Page 27 and 28: 3.9 Schumpeter Schumpeters (1963) i
Page 29 and 30: Når alertness opstår ubevist kan
Page 31 and 32: 3.14 Kanonisering af entrepreneursh
Page 33 and 34: ”de situationer hvor nye produkte
Page 35 and 36: 3.19 Evalueringen af de entrepreneu
Page 37 and 38: ligeledes opstå i eksisterende org
Page 39 and 40: ontologien synes at læne sig meget
Page 41 and 42: 4.1 En forståelsesramme for en kog
Page 43 and 44: Baron (2006) er en central teoretik
Page 45 and 46: Denne tilgang til pattern recogniti
Page 47 and 48: ”Sometimes knowledge provides a b
Page 49 and 50: kommende muligheder opstår, end de
Page 51 and 52: Som begrebsforklaringen fortæller,
Page 53 and 54:
4.17 Planning fallacy ”Underestim
Page 55 and 56:
muligheder kan dog også forklares
Page 57 and 58:
især agerede i beslutningstagnings
Page 59 and 60:
- Counterfactual thinking som var t
Page 61 and 62:
Kapitel 5. Integrering af kognitive
Page 63 and 64:
forståelsesformer eller modstriden
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sig eller muligvis ikke eksisterer
Page 67 and 68:
Sådan et perspektiv kunne foreslå
Page 69 and 70:
5.11 Integreringen af kognitiv aler
Page 71 and 72:
eskrevet i afsnit 4.14, kan counter
Page 73 and 74:
proces kan som nævnt tidligere hj
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formentlig vægtes og vurderes i et
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muligheden for, på lang sigt at op
Page 79 and 80:
at udnytte muligheder. I denne fors
Page 81 and 82:
Dermed bliver denne modelintegrerin
Page 83 and 84:
Kapitel 6. Yderligere diskussion og
Page 85 and 86:
For det andet ændrer det tankegang
Page 87 and 88:
6.4 *Abstraction processen set ud f
Page 89 and 90:
Dette perspektiv opstiller et natur
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kognitive tradition. I Kirzners (19
Page 93 and 94:
I kapitel 6 opstillede jeg en anden
Page 95 and 96:
Small Business, 12, 4: 11-32. Gentn
Page 97:
Staw, M, B. (1976) Knee deep in the
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