Narcissus and Daffodil

xviii Figures/Plates
12.5 Synthesis of 4-benzyloxyphenylacetic acid and 2-bromo-
4-methoxy-5-benzyloxy-benzaldehyde 310
12.6 Synthesis of galanthamine via N-norgalanthamine and via
belladine-type phenylacetamide 312
12.7 Synthesis of galanthamine via non-brominated belladine-type
benzamide 313
12.8 Synthesis of galanthamine via photochemical substitution of
bromine in belladine-type benzamide 314
12.9 4-Methoxybenzyl-protected intermediates for the synthesis of
galanthamine. Microbiological reduction of bromo-narwedinone 315
12.10 Synthesis of enantiomeric galanthamine 316
12.11 Synthesis of galanthamine via N-formylnorbelladine derivative 317
12.12 Synthesis of phenylethylamine intermediates and galanthamine 319
12.13 Synthesis of narwedine-type enones and dienones by
electrochemical oxidation of belladine-type amides 321
12.14 Synthesis of N,O-didemethyl-N-trifluoroacetylnarwedine and
N-demethyl-N-trifluoroacetyl-narwedine 323
12.15 Synthesis of narwedine, galanthamine, lycoramine and sanguinine.
Reactions of trimethylsilanyl-substituted narwedine-type dienone 324
12.16 Oxidative cyclisation reactions of trimethylsilanyl-substituted
norbelladine-type trifluoroacetamides to benzazepine
spirodienones 326
13.1 Chemical structures for galanthamine, morphine,
1-adamantyl demethyl galanthamine and pretazettine 333
13.2 Galanthamine metabolic pathway 338
14.1 Schematic representation of the action of galanthamine 357
15.1 Percentage of inhibition effect of methanol extracts from some
narcissus cultivars at the concentration of 0.1mg/ml measured
with the microplate assay 372
15.2 Scheme of the on-line HPLC-UV-MS-bioactivity detection
for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors 373
15.3 The spectra and the chromatograms obtained after injection
of the fraction from narcissus ‘Carlton’ extract into the on-line
HPLC-UV-MS-bioactivity detection system 374
15.4 The spectra and the chromatograms obtained after injection
of the fraction from narcissus ‘Sir Winston Churchill’ extract
into the on-line HPLC-UV-MS-bioactivity detection system 375
15.5 Structure of ungiminorine and galanthamine 375
16.1 Schematic representation of the biosynthesis, processing and
topogenesis of the narcissus lectin (NPA) 384
16.2 Deduced amino acid sequence of the narcissus lectin precursor
encoded by cDNA clone LECNPA1. Internal sequence similarity