KANT'S CRITIQUE OF TELEOLOGY IN BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATION

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6 Introduction reductionism as the only legitimate kind of explanation in science, but inasmuch as he acknowledges its weak points in the explanation of the organism, he establishes standards to be met by any possible future mechanistic explanation of the organism.
Chapter 1 Kant and Biology 1.1 Introduction In the 1740's and 50's as Kant began seriously to reflect on the nature of the organism and the structure of biological explanation, the scientific discussion in physiology and natural history was strongly marked by the decline of the theory of preformation, the classical mechanistic theory of the organism. In this period, too, we find the development of a general concept of the self-reproduction of organic systems, which led in the course of the 18th century to the rise of vitalism. Kant analyzed and reflected methodologically upon this process. He attempted with the concept of "objective purposiveness" to connect this new concept of reproduction with the traditional question of teleology in nature, in order to make possible a concept of the organism adequate to the methods of mechanistic science. In this chapter I shall present Kant's analysis of the concept of objective purposiveness in biological explanation as well as the historical prerequisites of this analysis in the development of the theory of the organism in eighteenth century biology and in Kant's own philosophical development. In Section 1.2 I shall briefly characterize the development of the mechanistic explanation of the organism. In Section 1.3 I shall take up Kant's study of contemporary theories of the organism, especially his use of the concept of purposiveness in biological explanation. Section 1.4 will consider Kant's analysis of objective purpose. In this analysis Kant completes the transition from the scientific investigation of the organism itself to the philosophical analysis of our explanations of the organism. It
Page 1: KANT’S CRITIQUE OF TELEOLOGY IN B
Page 5 and 6: Contents Acknowledgments...........
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements vii This book pres
Page 9: To My Parents M.M.M. and P.O.M.
Page 12 and 13: 2 Introduction fact the rejection o
Page 14 and 15: 4 Introduction almost exclusively c
Page 18 and 19: 8 Theory of the Organism will be se
Page 20 and 21: 10 Theory of the Organism when he f
Page 22 and 23: 12 Theory of the Organism that this
Page 24 and 25: 14 Theory of the Organism not in an
Page 26 and 27: 16 Theory of the Organism formation
Page 28 and 29: 18 Theory of the Organism common sp
Page 30 and 31: 20 Theory of the Organism cated to
Page 32 and 33: 22 Theory of the Organism by these
Page 34 and 35: 24 Kant's Reading of Biology of the
Page 36 and 37: 26 Kant's Reading of Biology for in
Page 38 and 39: 28 Kant's Reading of Biology monly
Page 40 and 41: 30 Kant's Reading of Biology not be
Page 42 and 43: 32 Kant's Reading of Biology to ada
Page 44 and 45: 34 Analytic of Teleological Judgmen
Page 64 and 65: 54 Antinomies of Reason tent is par
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56 Antinomies of Reason antinomies
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58 Antinomies of Reason shows that
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60 Antinomies of Reason categories
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62 Antinomies of Reason "only condi
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64 Antinomies of Reason described;
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66 Kant's Logic For the true opposi
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68 Kant's Logic outside the sphere
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70 Kant's Logic In contrast to Lamb
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72 Kant's Logic predicate under con
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74 Kant's Logic other. We can thus
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76 Kant's Logic then both conflicti
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78 Kant's Logic Both conflicting pr
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80 The Unconditioned and the Infini
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98 Antinomy of Division Antithesis
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100 Antinomy of Division justificat
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102 Antinomy of Division and thus p
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104 Antinomy of Division why it is
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106 Antinomy of Division B552-53) g
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108 Antinomy of Division "machine"
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110 Antinomy of Freedom How far the
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112 Antinomy of Freedom of momentum
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114 Antinomy of Freedom the Third a
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116 Antinomy of Freedom If Kant mea
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118 Antinomy of Freedom phenomena i
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120 Antinomy of Freedom In the Crit
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122 Antinomy of Freedom must appear
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124 Systematics of Antinomy I do no
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126 Summary position proves to be n
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128 Antinomy of Judgment An antinom
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130 Antinomy of Judgment §74 The r
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132 Antinomy of Judgment must have
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134 Antinomy of Judgment dialectic.
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136 Antinomy of Judgment we cannot
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138 Interpretations of the Antinomy
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152 Heuristic but Necessary Princip
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162 Resolution of the Antinomy the
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164 Resolution of the Antinomy know
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166 Resolution of the Antinomy a wh
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168 Resolution of the Antinomy able
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170 Resolution of the Antinomy ous
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172 Resolution of the Antinomy intr
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174 Resolution of the Antinomy tion
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176 Resolution of the Antinomy meth
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178 Resolution of the Antinomy anyt
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180 Summary acquainted with" a caus
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184 Bibliography Bommersheim, Paul,
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186 Bibliography Fraisse, Jean Clau
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188 Bibliography Kraemer, Eric Russ
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190 Bibliography & E. Mendelsohn) B
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192 Bibliography Roretz, Karl, "Zur
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194 Bibliography American and Conti
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196 Index 144; 154; 167; 169; final
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198 Index mere understanding 47; 13
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KANT'S CRITIQUE OF TELEOLOGY IN BIOLOGICAL EXPLANATION

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