Volume Two - Academic Conferences

Fauziah Redzuan et al.
Relaxed IntimidatedHappy Merry Unpleasant Leisurely Soothing Unsafe Sensationa Surprised Unwise Heavy Learnable Solemn Touched
Relaxed 1 0.277989 0.919003 0.913603 ‐0.688922184 0.855807 0.420139 ‐0.68612 0.856116 0.717382 ‐0.47207 ‐0.77504 0.567165 ‐0.3697 0.673719
Intimidated 0.277989 1 0.280317 0.365044 0.232271392 0.159982 ‐0.21995 0.158378 0.43857 0.421073 0.10845 0.203714 ‐0.32602 ‐0.31614 0.68356
Happy 0.919003 0.280317 1 0.970428 ‐0.741837874 0.92362 0.471634 ‐0.74222 0.946186 0.807961 ‐0.52832 ‐0.79873 0.478218 ‐0.59406 0.76010
Merry 0.913603 0.365044 0.970428 1 ‐0.63848158 0.881699 0.49791 ‐0.70881 0.944758 0.818477 ‐0.48556 ‐0.78703 0.328836 ‐0.6115 0.83185
Unpleasant ‐0.68892 0.232271 ‐0.74184 ‐0.63848 1 ‐0.62453 ‐0.305 0.798943 ‐0.68654 ‐0.41398 0.653881 0.856979 ‐0.72939 0.228529 ‐0.22499
Leisurely 0.855807 0.159982 0.92362 0.881699 ‐0.624530168 1 0.644742 ‐0.54919 0.807851 0.790641 ‐0.45967 ‐0.75443 0.395862 ‐0.70251 0.67153
Soothing 0.420139 ‐0.21995 0.471634 0.49791 ‐0.305000046 0.644742 1 ‐0.21631 0.401793 0.490385 ‐0.26803 ‐0.5811 0.131816 ‐0.6162 0.2292
Unsafe ‐0.68612 0.158378 ‐0.74222 ‐0.70881 0.798943014 ‐0.54919 ‐0.21631 1 ‐0.66727 ‐0.48051 0.602464 0.77435 ‐0.6617 0.072983 ‐0.4032
Sensational 0.856116 0.43857 0.946186 0.944758 ‐0.686537646 0.807851 0.401793 ‐0.66727 1 0.863711 ‐0.48777 ‐0.68619 0.389566 ‐0.56568 0.818278
Surprised 0.717382 0.421073 0.807961 0.818477 ‐0.413975128 0.790641 0.490385 ‐0.48051 0.863711 1 ‐0.40956 ‐0.44243 0.272106 ‐0.54417 0.828878
Unwise ‐0.47207 0.10845 ‐0.52832 ‐0.48556 0.653880984 ‐0.45967 ‐0.26803 0.602464 ‐0.48777 ‐0.40956 1 0.609961 ‐0.37405 0.22565 ‐0.0962
Heavy ‐0.77504 0.203714 ‐0.79873 ‐0.78703 0.856979334 ‐0.75443 ‐0.5811 0.77435 ‐0.68619 ‐0.44243 0.609961 1 ‐0.47921 0.45027 ‐0.3555
Learnable 0.567165 ‐0.32602 0.478218 0.328836 ‐0.729386979 0.395862 0.131816 ‐0.6617 0.389566 0.272106 ‐0.37405 ‐0.47921 1 0.268167 ‐0.0029
Solemn ‐0.3697 ‐0.31614 ‐0.59406 ‐0.6115 0.228528517 ‐0.70251 ‐0.6162 0.072983 ‐0.56568 ‐0.54417 0.22565 0.45027 0.268167 1 ‐0.5696
Touched 0.673719 0.683563 0.760106 0.831852 ‐0.224990089 0.671537 0.22927 ‐0.40321 0.818278 0.828878 ‐0.09626 ‐0.35553 ‐0.00293 ‐0.56965
Restless ‐0.16029 0.148854 ‐0.14259 ‐0.16803 0.077906585 ‐0.37851 ‐0.59832 ‐0.24013 ‐0.01654 0.076461 ‐0.11315 0.392862 0.233591 0.599819 0.013889
Proud 0.885369 0.129905 0.927823 0.925256 ‐0.681181685 0.881997 0.667222 ‐0.75339 0.880761 0.837473 ‐0.58371 ‐0.79508 0.517417 ‐0.5054 0.658228
Mad ‐0.84963 0.234159 ‐0.75882 ‐0.70189 0.832847362 ‐0.70407 ‐0.45768 0.832156 ‐0.63962 ‐0.49963 0.570719 0.842079 ‐0.82655 0.082251 ‐0.29074
Pleasant 0.629381 0.100715 0.849727 0.849513 ‐0.714626213 0.723715 0.461728 ‐0.76136 0.826238 0.63234 ‐0.54603 ‐0.80494 0.229567 ‐0.66257 0.63449
Unwilling ‐0.79733 0.054228 ‐0.77514 ‐0.77199 0.745317547 ‐0.72599 ‐0.73518 0.65477 ‐0.77547 ‐0.65938 0.514784 0.816035 ‐0.5862 0.371597 ‐0.4130
Neutral 0.549048 0.290537 0.373532 0.364045 0.030873029 0.492378 0.138929 ‐0.13073 0.282113 0.532207 0.047996 ‐0.03322 0.344631 0.014601 0.4709
Irritated ‐0.86053 0.042983 ‐0.80729 ‐0.71072 0.774419672 ‐0.78131 ‐0.34278 0.725547 ‐0.64159 ‐0.48324 0.643877 0.764573 ‐0.75116 0.229688 ‐0.3187
Curious 0.057499 ‐0.16949 0.132086 0.062295 ‐0.347859938 0.018285 ‐0.21356 ‐0.30167 ‐0.02269 ‐0.40962 ‐0.33777 ‐0.34753 0.114331 ‐0.06929 ‐0.24004
Despairing ‐0.64137 0.3248 ‐0.65855 ‐0.5968 0.908218601 ‐0.54151 ‐0.38911 0.836539 ‐0.57982 ‐0.34429 0.82704 0.867866 ‐0.67325 0.146022 ‐0.0948
Competent 0.521993 0.132205 0.438541 0.490882 ‐0.271125066 0.565743 0.499659 ‐0.04938 0.314399 0.136668 ‐0.26959 ‐0.60274 ‐0.1038 ‐0.604 0.22519
Unique 0.800092 0.376524 0.877162 0.870511 ‐0.573255585 0.822538 0.584127 ‐0.54017 0.937051 0.943056 ‐0.46373 ‐0.58422 0.399078 ‐0.57311 0.75420
Involved 0.890088 ‐0.04486 0.855295 0.836568 ‐0.794170197 0.789216 0.539138 ‐0.83092 0.76348 0.638081 ‐0.74249 ‐0.87892 0.639748 ‐0.30138 0.435599
Confused ‐0.77513 ‐0.0616 ‐0.82347 ‐0.70539 0.769562789 ‐0.80692 ‐0.33191 0.567627 ‐0.67438 ‐0.41104 0.399499 0.745058 ‐0.58595 0.48827 ‐0.391
Inefficient ‐0.83556 ‐0.22284 ‐0.76285 ‐0.68804 0.732304501 ‐0.60856 ‐0.12138 0.663885 ‐0.69282 ‐0.39847 0.551359 0.65285 ‐0.69281 0.146928 ‐0.3579
Inconvenient ‐0.84464 ‐0.05521 ‐0.78061 ‐0.69101 0.771028301 ‐0.7259 ‐0.31996 0.604501 ‐0.64716 ‐0.3551 0.46481 0.765184 ‐0.68128 0.294999 ‐0.3061
Unresponsive ‐0.83834 0.109319 ‐0.80006 ‐0.69858 0.844823365 ‐0.73129 ‐0.41274 0.784536 ‐0.69835 ‐0.55204 0.650542 0.761681 ‐0.86232 0.155078 ‐0.2930
Desirable 0.669402 0.079044 0.818594 0.773812 ‐0.723191521 0.829049 0.627146 ‐0.49734 0.749299 0.55762 ‐0.63994 ‐0.82064 0.249574 ‐0.7961 0.43266
Perfect 0.922006 0.434428 0.925741 0.888976 ‐0.715446817 0.784706 0.236625 ‐0.67541 0.909856 0.704073 ‐0.57491 ‐0.68487 0.525621 ‐0.41295 0.67689
Uncooperative ‐0.83859 0.002975 ‐0.73949 ‐0.67963 0.817064561 ‐0.71487 ‐0.41637 0.587716 ‐0.68253 ‐0.52316 0.734637 0.780916 ‐0.6546 0.251541 ‐0.2659
Ready 0.833299 0.084437 0.745731 0.682108 ‐0.777142457 0.571952 0.243202 ‐0.7602 0.717838 0.484618 ‐0.55577 ‐0.67179 0.821616 ‐0.02223 0.33174
Unconscious ‐0.63574 0.264601 ‐0.58039 ‐0.50032 0.805373529 ‐0.47223 ‐0.42258 0.71043 ‐0.58121 ‐0.46367 0.594868 0.647677 ‐0.86025 ‐0.0532 ‐0.0991
Preoccupied 0.671904 0.282972 0.502478 0.479952 ‐0.327323564 0.634529 0.437552 ‐0.0415 0.493757 0.565184 ‐0.35573 ‐0.35403 0.331293 ‐0.31563 0.322378
Anxious ‐0.04323 0.332347 ‐0.03909 0.044142 0.414664685 ‐0.0373 0.270919 0.166513 0.123043 0.434026 0.285348 0.367518 ‐0.1119 0.002163 0.31722
Oblivious 0.010878 0.742183 0.08576 0.216914 0.494979007 0.100163 0.032915 0.349927 0.129424 0.133396 0.312483 0.194555 ‐0.70351 ‐0.54614 0.509879
Unexplainable ‐0.80612 0.158315 ‐0.83721 ‐0.76097 0.923303052 ‐0.71193 ‐0.43855 0.898419 ‐0.77336 ‐0.5771 0.610202 0.853134 ‐0.80186 0.214284 ‐0.3767
Just 0.40681 0.414965 0.454512 0.483408 ‐0.4414735 0.09974 ‐0.30912 ‐0.59549 0.537132 0.161019 ‐0.36183 ‐0.35945 0.199695 ‐0.00995 0.39025
Uncomfortable ‐0.9329 ‐0.19241 ‐0.90546 ‐0.88994 0.754108265 ‐0.78545 ‐0.4863 0.755336 ‐0.85513 ‐0.6328 0.566164 0.824053 ‐0.60333 0.379863 ‐0.5520
Creative 0.88934 0.448969 0.931366 0.948854 ‐0.632749646 0.813647 0.483289 ‐0.63341 0.981818 0.873532 ‐0.49969 ‐0.68223 0.390635 ‐0.54499 0.797854
Dumb ‐0.87923 ‐0.02415 ‐0.67705 ‐0.65822 0.712843933 ‐0.61048 ‐0.20405 0.648544 ‐0.58703 ‐0.39743 0.504704 0.737109 ‐0.66826 0.008138 ‐0.3260
T bl d 0 88572 0 40544 0 8967 0 82784 0 632736557 0 8667 0 2244 0 548407 0 82504 0 7334 0 504841 0 598554 0 48618 0 473498 0 68318
Figure 3: Partial view of the correlation matrix results of the Kansei words
8.2 Extracting high-level Kansei words
In a KE study, one of the most important analyses is multivariate analysis. According to Nagamachi
and Lokman (2011), “multivariate analysis is a technique used to clarify the impact of variables that
affect the characteristic values as a phenomenon”. Multivariate analysis is useful for identifying factors
that might lead to certain outcomes. In this study, correlation coefficient analysis and factor analysis
are performed to understand the data better.
Based on the correlation analysis, we identified groups of highly correlated Kansei words. For
example, the Kansei word ‘Enchanting’ is highly correlated with the words ‘Fun’, ‘Merry’, ‘Happy’ and
‘Wonderful’, with correlation values of more than 0.971.The Kansei word ‘Interested’ is highly
correlated with the words ‘Efficient’, ‘Satisfied’, ‘Admirable’, and ‘Understandable’, with correlation
values of more than 0.953. The correlation analysis revealed that not only was positive emotional
keywords highly associated with each other, but that negative emotional keywords were as well. For
example, ‘Unhappy’ is highly correlated with ‘Inactive’, ‘Lonely’, ‘Upset’, ‘Lost Interest’, ‘Tired’, and
‘Frustrated’, with values of more than 0.952. ‘Mad’ is highly correlated with ‘Unresponsive’,
‘Unexplainable’, ‘Discardable’, ‘Faulty’, ‘Disappointed’, and ‘Stupid’, with correlation values of more
than 0.908.
Some of the dimensions for positive emotions included ‘Enchanting’, ‘Interested’, ‘Concentrated’,
‘Harmonious’, and ‘Stimulating’, and those for negative emotions included ‘Unhappy’, ‘Mad’, and
‘Hated’. It can be concluded that the emotional responses from the perspective of the students
towards the online database courses, can be represented by the 130 significant emotional
dimensions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the design of the online database course should fall
within these dimensions.
Figure 4 depicts the partial results of the performed factor analysis. The factor analysis was performed
using varimax rotation. From this first experiment, shown in Table 2, we see that Factor 1 explains
47% of the data, and the accumulated percentage, to explain the data from Factor 1 to Factor 4 is
77%. Factors 5 to 8 contribute smaller percentages, of approximately 4 to 5% for each of the factors,
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