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41 Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 102. The annals of the congregation record the royal arrêt
published on 17 July 1624, which clarified the king’s intentions to make the church part of the
general plan of the Louvre. It reads: “Sa Majesté aiant résolu de prendre une partie des
Bâtiments de l’Oratoire selon l’etendue du dessein qu’elle a fait faire de son château du Louvre
et que l’église commence par les Prêtres de l’Oratoire sera tournée d’autre sens pour la
correspondence à son dessein, en sorte qu’elle reponde justement au milieu du Bâtiment du
Louvre, pour être la ditte [sic] église tenue pour Chapelle Royalle.”
42 Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 95: “…que les Prêtres y demeurant ont et à l’avenier soient
dits et assumes ses chapelains et des roys ses successeurs.”
The chapelains ordinares of the king were low in the hierarchy of the clergy of the maison du
roi. For this division within the maison du roi, see Marcel Marion, Dictionnaire des institutions
de la France au XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (Paris: A. Picard, 1923), 346-47.
43
For the congregation’s records of these gifts, see Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 121, 150-51,
166-68, 182-83.
44 For the practical component of the towers, see Roger Stalley, Early Medieval Architecture
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 123.
45 For churches in Paris, see Hélène Rousteau-Chambon, Le gothique des Temps modernes.
Architecture religieuse en milieu urbain (Paris: Picard, 2003), 141-44. For a complete list of the
Roman churches with twin towers, which symbolize the Church triumphant, see Sarah McPhee,
Bernini and the Bell Towers: Architecture and Politics at the Vatican (New Haven: Yale
University Press, 2002), 206, n. 66.
46 For twin towers at the eastern end of churches, see Charles B. McClendon, Imperial Abbey at
Farfa: Architectural Currents of the Early Middle Ages (New Haven: Yale University Press,
1987), 86-89. For towers at the east end emphasizing the placement of altars, see Stalley, Early
Medieval Architecture, 123.
47 For the Lady Chapel at Saint-Germer-de-Fly, see Robert Branner, Saint Louis and the Court
Style in Gothic Architecture (London: Zwemmer, 1965), 93-96.
48 Although archival documents do not provide evidence as to when construction of the towers
began, it seems to have occurred during the reign of Louis XIII, see Christ, Églises parisiennes,
36; Le Pas de Sécheval, "Politique artistique," 428.
49 For general symbolism associated with towers, see Robert Bork, "Into Thin Air: France,
Germany, and the Invention of the Openwork Spire," The Art Bulletin 85, no. 1 (2003): 25;
Magda Révész-Alexander, Der Turm als Symbol und Erlebnis (Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1953).
50 Richard Krautheimer, Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, 4th ed. (New York: Penguin
Books, 1986), 155-56.
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