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115 For the congregation’s records of this event, see Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 91. 116 Le Pas de Sécheval, "Politique artistique," 419-20. 117 For the congregation’s records, which state that the crown would have to reimburse the French Oratory, see Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 90. Charles de La Vieuville served as superintendent of finance two different times, from January 1623 to August 1624 and again from September 1651 to January 1653. During his first superintendency he enacted policies that reduced military expenditures from 23 million livres to 12 million livres while non-justified expenses by the king and operating costs in departments such as ordinary receipts and extraordinary expenses similarly fell. For more on his financial policies, see Françoise Bayard, Joël Félix, and Philippe Hamon, Dictionnaire des surintendants et contrôleurs généraux des finances du XVIe siècle à la Révolution française de 1789 (Paris: Comité pour l'Histoire Économique et Financière de la France, 2000), 50-53. 118 Anne Le Pas de Sécheval and Charles Williams believe that the reason for La Vieuville’s actions against the Oratorians was his preference for the Society of Jesus. This claim is based on a phrase found in the Oratory’s annals where a powerful but unnamed friend of the congregation accuses La Vieuville of wanting to cause trouble for the Oratorians because another religious community, assumed to be the Jesuits, was jealous of their royal support. For more on this argument, see Le Pas de Sécheval, "Politique artistique," 421; Williams, French Oratorians, 211. I have not found any evidence that La Vieuville had any preference for the Jesuits. In fact the only religious group that he is known to have supported was the Parisian convent of the Minimes, where he was buried. For more on this support, see Bayard, Félix, and Hamon, Surintendants, 53. 119 For La Vieuville characterized as a bon français, see Chevallier, Louis XIII, 280; Moote, Louis XIII, 135. 120 Bayard, Félix, and Hamon, Surintendants, 52; Chevallier, Louis XIII, 280. 121 Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 91. 122 Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 93. This occurred on 13 September 1623 in a private meeting with the king. 123 Fumaroli, "Cross," 89-102. 124 The publications were Justus Lipsius’s De Cruce libri tres, published in 1594, and the ninth volume of Cesare Baronius’s Annales Ecclesiastici, published in 1600. For further discussion of these texts, see ibid.; 89-91. For a discussion of the tapestry, Fumaroli, "Cross," 93. 83
125 Archives Nationales MM 623 f. 93. The reversal of the ordinance takes place sometime between 13 to 17 September. 126 Cardinal Richelieu officially became principal ministre in 1629, but he had held the title of premier ministre and been the most powerful voice on the council since 1624. 127 For accounts of these events, see Carmona, Marie de Médicis, 433-71; Robert J. Knecht, Richelieu (London: Longman, 1991), 34-41; Moote, Louis XIII, 216-24. 128 Deville, French School, 42-43. 129 Williams, French Oratorians, 244. 130 Louis Batterel, Mémoires domestiques pour servir à l'histoire de l'Oratoire, 4 vols. (Geneva: Slatkine Reprints, 1971), 3: 3, 4: 153. 84
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FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of
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Jacobins of the rue Saint-Honoré 1
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14. Clément Métezeau and Jacques
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45. Simon Vouet, Apotheosis of St.
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79. After Claude Chastillon, Carose
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ABSTRACT This study examines early
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The Buildings Of the ten newly-buil
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The Patrons: Maria de’ Medici and
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has been the focus of a wealth of a
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Although studies employing contextu
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the Society. By dedicating royal fu
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1 Marie-Laure Deschamps-Bourgeon, "
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de' Medici (Princeton, New Jersey:
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CHAPTER 2 THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT: F
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in the last twenty years as a serio
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pattern that would be repeated in e
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The Reign of Henri IV The move from
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The king’s second major accomplis
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etween Philip IV (1285-1314) and Po
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universal Church, he was recognized
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houses in Italy and Spain, these re
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Page 47 and 48: Although Maria never claimed to bel
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Page 53 and 54: 1 I use the terms Catholic Reform a
Page 55 and 56: 20 Henri III was the third of four
Page 57 and 58: 46 Beaune, Ideology, 176. 47 For th
Page 59 and 60: 70 Hayden, "Continuity," 12. 71 Lou
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Page 63 and 64: which uses the seventeenth-century
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Page 67 and 68: etween the Oratory’s founder and
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Page 73 and 74: The emblem continued to be included
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Page 81 and 82: Upon reentering the royal council i
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Page 85 and 86: 1 Fumaroli, "Cross," 88-102; Le Pas
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Page 91 and 92: 51 For twin-towered facades associa
Page 93 and 94: Marilyn Aronberg Lavin (New York: I
Page 95: 99 Archives Nationales MM 562 f. 3-
Page 99 and 100: By examining the precise manner of
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Page 103 and 104: a halo surrounding his head. The me
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Page 123 and 124: 1 Today it is the parish church of
Page 125 and 126: discussion of the plan and its popu
Page 127 and 128: 43 For Philip II as Solomon and the
Page 129 and 130: 67 The Jesuit foundations building
Page 131 and 132: 88 Laurence Brockliss, "Richelieu,
Page 133 and 134: 110 For the meaning of the central
Page 135 and 136: 135 For a discussion of Richelieu
Page 137 and 138: had exercised by the end of the reg
Page 139 and 140: King Louis XI (1461-1483) and immed
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Page 143 and 144: The queen would have also welcomed
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and pierced with windows. The faça
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protector and establishing a close
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and in the entablature of the choir
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The queen certainly believed that s
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the image the rectangular foundatio
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Medici’s patronage of the Religio
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use her support of the Religious of
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1 The dates represent the start of
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17 “MARIA MEDICAEA, PIENTISSIMA E
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Baptiste-Michel Renou de Chevigné
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du Roi des Rois pour la conservatri
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Zusammenhang, ed. Joachim Poeschke
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CHAPTER 6 FROM NOTRE-DAME-DES-VICTO
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eign of Louis XIII. By looking at i
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choir are two additional rooms. Tho
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Moreover not all foundation stones
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Additional Churches supported by Lo
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palace chapel at Versailles, design
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founding, was first supported by St
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its position within the kingdom. In
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Scholarship shows that the reasons
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with Cardinal Richelieu, who refuse
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his preoccupation with the war, Lou
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12 Barbiche, "Augustins déchaussé
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39 Jean-Pierre Camus, Premières ho
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Amos, Funerals, Politics, and Memor
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cardinal; see Paul de Musset, Puyla
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One of the key contributions of thi
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Figure 1. Philippe de Champaigne, L
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Figure 3. Frans Pourbus the Younger
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Figure 5. French School, Pierre de
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Figure 7. Jean Marot, Veue de l’
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Figure 9. Clément Métezeau and Ja
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Figure 11. Michel Etienne Turgot, P
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Figure 13. Reconstructed map of the
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Figure 15. Saint-Germer-de-Fly, vie
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Figure 17. Sainte-Chapelle, upper c
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Figure 19. Jacques Lemercier, Churc
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Figure 21. Écu d’or of Louis XII
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Figure 23. Jacques Androuet du Cerc
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Figure 25. Map of territories durin
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Figure 27. Peter Paul Rubens, Trium
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Figure 29. Philippe de Champaigne,
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Figure 31. Saint Louis, obverse (le
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Figure 33. Andrea Sacchi and Jan Mi
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Figure 35. Foundation Stone of Sain
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Figure 37. G. Bonsegni, Il Gesù, r
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Figure 39. Detail of Kings rose win
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Figure 41. Etienne Martellange and
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Figure 43. Edme Moreau, High Altar
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Figure 45. Simon Vouet, The Apotheo
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Figure 51. Michel Corneille, St. Lo
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Figure 53. Studio of Simon Vouet, L
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Figure 57. Plan of the Church of th
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Figure 59. Plan of Saint-Joseph-des
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Figure 61. Saint-Joseph-des-Carmes,
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Figure 63. After Jean Marot, Eglise
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Figure 65. Jean-Baptiste-Michel Jai
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Figure 67. Jean-Aimar Piganiol de l
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Figure 69. Michel Etienne Turgot, P
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Figure 71. Nicolas-Michel Troche, F
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Figure 73. Henri de Gisors, detail
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Figure 75. Jacques de Bie, Device f
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Figure 77. Plan of the church of No
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Figure 79. After Claude Chastillon,
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Figure 81. Notre-Dame-des-Victoires
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Figure 83. Current plan of Notre-Da
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Figure 85. Notre-Dame-des-Victoires
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Figure 87. Foundation Stone of Notr
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Figure 89. Detail of a window at th
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Figure 91. E. Viollet-le-Duc, Recon
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Figure 93. Israël Silvestre, Vue d
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Figure 95. Plan de l’eglise de No
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1589 Henri IV becomes king of Franc
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Bibliothèque nationale de France D
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Archival Sources Archi
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Théveneau, Adam. Les Précepts du
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Billot, Claudine. "La fondation de
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Brunel, Georges. Dictionnaire des
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Currier, Charles Warren. History of
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Freiberg, Jack. The Lateran in 1600
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Johnson, Géraldine A. "Imagining I
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Lonergan, Walter F. Historic Church
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Montgolfier, Bernard de, ed. Saint-
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Romier, Lucien. Les origines politi
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Turchetti, Mario. "Middle Parties i
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Education: Teaching Experience: Nat
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