Hurricanes: Their Nature and Impacts on Society - Climate Science ...

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REFERENCES 263 Etzioni, A., 1985: Making policy for complex systems: A medical model for economics. ./: Policy Anal. Manage., 4, 383-395. Fatsis, S., 1992: Andrew reshapes S. Florida economy. The Miami Herald, September 8, Special Section, p. 10. FDCA (Florida Department of Community Affairs), 1992: Hurricane Andrew: Recommendations for building codes <strong>and</strong> building code enforcement. Final Report prepared by Ronald A. Cook, University of Florida, DCA Contract No. 93RD-66- 13-00-22-001. Feldman, M.S. <strong>and</strong> J.G. March, 1981: Information in organizations ;OlS signal <strong>and</strong> sign. Admin. Sci. Quart., 26, 171-186. FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency), 1993: FEMA's Disaster Management Program: A performance audit after Hurricane Andrew, H-01-93, January. FEMA, Washington, DC. FEMAIFIA (Federal Emergency Management Agency/Federal Insurance Administration), 1992: Building performance: Hurricane Andrew in Florida, l"IA-22, December 21. FEMA, Washington, DC. FEMAIFIA (Federal Emergency Management Agency/Federal Insurance Administration), 1993: Building performance: Hurricane Andrew in Florida, FEMA, Washington, DC, Fielder, T" 1992: Messages of hope storm drives home the need for leadership. The Miami Herald, August 30, p. 1L. Fields, G., 1992: Andrew pulls dollars from wallets. The Miami Herald, September 26, p.1C. Fields, G., 1994: Cover story: Florida's economy '94 outlook. TJi!e Miami Herald, January 17, p. 17BM. FIFMTF (Federal Interagency Floodplain Management Task Force), 1992: Floodplain management in the United States: An assessment report, Volume 2: Full Report, L,R. Johnston Associates. Filkins, D., 1992: Planners forecast 2 futures for Dade, The Miami Herald, October 19, p. lA, Filkins, D., 1994: Plan would raise most Dade tax bills, budget also proposes increased water fees. The Miami Herald, July 16, p, lA, Finefrock, D., 1992: Legislature could ease property tax burden. TJze Miami Herald, September 6, p. lOG. Fischer, A., L.G. Chestnut <strong>and</strong> D.M. Violette, 1989: The value of reducing risks of death: A note on new evidence. ./: Policy Anal. Manage., 8, 88-100, Fischhoff, B., S.R. Watson <strong>and</strong> C. Hope, 1984: Defining risk, Policy ,S'ci., 17, 123-139. FPMA (Floodplain Management Assessment), 1995: A floodplain management assessment of the upper Mississippi River <strong>and</strong> lower Missouri rivers <strong>and</strong> tributaries. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, St Louis, Missouri. Forester, J" 1984: Bounded rationality <strong>and</strong> the politics of muddling through. Public Admin. Rev., 44, 23-31. Forsythe, J.M. <strong>and</strong> T.H. Vonder Haar, 1996: A warm core in a polar low observed with a satellite microwave sounding unit. Tellus, 48A, 193-208. Foster, D.R., 1988: Species <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong> response to catastrophic win,d in central New Engl<strong>and</strong>, U,S.A. J. Ecol., 76, 135-151. Foster, D.R" <strong>and</strong> E.R. Boose, 1992: Patterns of forest damage resulting from catastrophic wind in central New Engl<strong>and</strong>. USA./: Ecol., 80, 79-98. Foster, D.R. <strong>and</strong> E,R. Boose, 1995: Hurricane disturbance regimes in temperature <strong>and</strong> tropical forest ecosystems. In: Wind <strong>and</strong> Trees, M.P. Coutts <strong>and</strong> J. Grace, Eds, Cambridge University Press, London, 305-339.
264 HURRICANES: THEIR NATURE AND IMPACT ON SOCIETY Fujita, T., 1992: Damage survey of Hurricane Andrew in south Florida. Storm Data, 34(8), 24-29. GAO (General Accounting Office), 1993a: Disaster relief fund: Actions still needed to prevent recurrence of funding shortfall. GAO/RCED-93-60. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. GAO (General Accounting Office), 1993b: Disaster management: Improving the nation's response to catastrophic disasters. GAO/RCED-93-186. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. GAO (General Accounting Office), 1993c: Disaster Assistance: DOD's Support for <strong>Hurricanes</strong> Andrew <strong>and</strong> Iniki <strong>and</strong> Typhoon Omar. GAO/NSIAD-93-180 (June), lOll. General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Garcia, B. <strong>and</strong> D. Satterfield, 1992: Insurer called storm "opportunity" to raise its rates. The Miami Herald, September 5, IA. Garcia, M., D. Neal <strong>and</strong> J. Tanfani, 1992: Andrew's death list spanned Dade County. The Miami Herald, August 26, 23A. Gentry, R.C., 1974: Hurricane modification. In: Weather <strong>and</strong> Climate Modification, W.N. Hess, Ed., John Wiley <strong>and</strong> Sons, New York, 497-521. George, P.S., 1992: Bryan Norcross: A hero in the wake of Hurricane Andrew. In: Hurricane Andrew: Path of Destruction, J. Macchio, Ed., BD Publishing, Charleston, SC. Getter, L., 1992a: Why don't people evacuate? Denial, turf worries. The Miami Herald, August 25, 12. Getter, L., 1992b: Inspections: a breakdown in the system. The Miami Herald, December 20, 65R. Getter, L., I 992c: Do builders' bucks buy political power? The Miami Herald, December 20, 75R. Getter, L., 1993: Inspections: A breakdown in the system. In: Lessons of Hurricane Andrew, Tait, L.S. Ed., Excerpts from the 15th Annual National Hurricane Conference. FEMA (April), Washington, DC, 33-36. Gibbs, W.J., 1987: Defining climate. WMO Bull., 36, 290-296. Glantz, M.H., 1977: The value of a long-range weather forecast for the West Mrican Sahel. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc., 38, 150-158. Glantz, M.H., 1978: Render unto weather. ..-an editorial. Climatic Change, 1, 305- 306. Glantz, M.H., 1979: Saskatchewan Spring Wheat Production 1974: A Preliminary Assessment of a Reliable Long-Range Forecast, Climatological Studies No. 33, Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Hull, Quebec, Chapter 8. Glantz, M.H., 1982: Consequences <strong>and</strong> responsibilities in drought forecasting: The case of Yakima, 1977. Water Resources Res., 18, 3-13. Glantz, M.H., 1986: Politics, forecasts, <strong>and</strong> forecasting: Forecasts are the answer, but what was the question? In: Policy Aspects of Climate Forecasting, R. Krasnow, Ed., Resources for the Future, Washington, DC. Glantz, M.H., 1988: Societal Responses to Regional Climatic Change: Forecasting by Analogy. Westview Press, Boulder, CO. Glantz, M.H., 1996: Currents of Change: EI Nino's Impact on Climate <strong>and</strong> Society. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Golden, J.H., 1990: Meteorological data from Hurricane Hugo. Proc. 22nd Joint UJNR Panel Meetings -Winds <strong>and</strong> Seismic Effects (May 14-18). National Institute of St<strong>and</strong>ards <strong>and</strong> Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. Goldenberg, S.B. <strong>and</strong> L.J. Shapiro, 1996: Physical mechanisms for the association of EI Nmo <strong>and</strong> West African rainfall with Atlantic major hurricane activity. J. Climate, 9, 1169-1187.
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Hurricanes
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Copyright @ 1997 by John Wiley & So
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Dedication Foreword. Preface. Conte
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CONTENTS 5.3 5.2.3 WindY. . 5.2.4 R
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Foreword Before the mid-l 960s, stu
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X11 FOREWORD The lessons of Camille
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XVI PREFACE One of the fundamental
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XVlll PREFACE about the need for so
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2 HURRICANES: THEIR NATURE AND IMPA
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4 HURRICANES: THEIR NATURE AND IMPA
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INTRODUCfION: SCffiNCE, POLICY, AND
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INTRODUcnON: SCIENCE, POLICY, AND H
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INTRODUCTION: SCIENCE, POLICY, AND
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INTRODUcrION: SCIENCE, POLICY, AND
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INTRODUcrION: SCIENCE, POLICY, AND
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I I I I A -Nr"1v ~ r/) ,:,.," 0- 0-
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INTRODUCfION: SCIENCE, POLICY, AND
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21 INTRODUCTION: SCIENCE, POLICY, A
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INTRODUCfION: SCffiNCE, POLICY, AND
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INTRODUCfION: SCIENCE, POLICY, AND
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CHAPTER 2 The US Hurricane Problem
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM human acti
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM of their p
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM 37 2.1.3 S
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM 39 activit
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM Figure 2.3
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM on an intr
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM Table 2.1
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TIm us HURRICANE PROBLEM ~ I (a) -.
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM emissions)
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM 51 Figure
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM (ODDs) 193
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM 55 Figure
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM preparedne
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM 59 threat
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nIB US HURRICANE PROBLEM Table 2.3
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM 63 Paralle
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM Congress,
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THE US HURRICANE PROBLEM 67 Appendi
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TRC!>PICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH
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71 TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EART
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TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH F
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TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH (
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TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH o
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TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH N
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TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH I
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TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH 3
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35 ,~ 20 1201 55 TROPICAL CYCLONES
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TROPICAL CYCLONES ON PLANET EARTH 9
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HURRICANE FORECASTS Figure 4.1 The
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* t " , " ' " i : , , j !' \ HURRIC
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HURRICANE FORECASTS (e) 7AM ~ ..i~~
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HURRICANE Fa RECASTS While the news
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~-~ "'"00 ;-:'O-= -=-~"'" a",.- .->
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102 HURRICANES: THEIR NATURE AND IM
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~ 0, 2 ~ 2 ... ~ 0 ~ ~ 0 ':! Is I~
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~ .I;~ a ;;'0 . ~ ! ~ " 0 'I' -§.
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CHAPTERS When a hurricane forms, it
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I ~..;. 126 HURRICANES: THEm NATURE
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~'\ '" 128 \ '-- HURRICANES: THEIR
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~ I 00- .". ~ -0( v 1a u .§ ~ ...g
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CHAPTER? 7.1 INTRODUCflON As recoun
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APPENDIX A CHAPTER! Byerly, R., 199
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40 000 30 000 20'000 10 000 APPENDI
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APPENDIX C Selected Data on Tropica
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Figure C.4 Cont: Tracks of intense
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'-'2 ..~ ,-..~ \OQ. ~~ -I" -(') 3.
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APPENDIX C 209 '";ij' 40 Q) ~ C) Q)
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211 APPENDIX D Table D.2 Eastern No
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Page 239 and 240: : 8. ~A ". ~ 00 tU : V ~ ~ ~ V z 8,
Page 241 and 242: 220 HURRICANES: THEIR NATURE AND IM
Page 243 and 244: on "'-va , £.c 0 I::.cp. V'O cn ,'
Page 246 and 247: . OK OK U ~ ,. , , ..' ..~ '"' Z !
Page 248 and 249: UJ ~ UJ P-'-'" s~~ 0 In + In O-o>,V
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Page 254 and 255: APPENDIX E 233
Page 256 and 257: APPENDIX E In sum, TDS provides an
Page 258 and 259: APPENDIX 0 ~ION E 237 A period of t
Page 260 and 261: APPENDIX E IF SITUATION W~S P (alp)
Page 262 and 263: 29. APPENDIX E p (0) 5 (a/p) T (alp
Page 264 and 265: APPENDIX E p (0) p p S T (a/o) (a/p
Page 266 and 267: APPENDIX E p p 5 p (alp) (r) S (r)
Page 268 and 269: APPENDIX E 247 P (al p p P (alp) p
Page 270 and 271: D APPENDIX E s s s s s s S T T T T
Page 272 and 273: APPENDIX E 251 IMMEDIATE EMERGENCY
Page 274 and 275: APPENDIX E 253 p p T (alp) (a/o) (0
Page 276 and 277: APPENDIX E P (a/s) P falsI 5 (alp)
Page 278 and 279: ~ APPENDIX F 257 lOP = 5/9°C 1°C
Page 280 and 281: REFERENCES 259 Nemec, J.M. Nigg <st
Page 282 and 283: REFERENCES 261 Cochran, L.
Page 286 and 287: REFERENCES 265 Graham, B., 1992: An
Page 288 and 289: REFERENCES 267 Katz, R.W., 1993: To
Page 290 and 291: REFERENCES 269 Mesthene, E.G., 1967
Page 292 and 293: REFERENCES 271 south Florida. Part
Page 294 and 295: REFERENCES 273 Smith, K., 1992: Env
Page 296 and 297: REFERENCES 275 Wolensky, R.P. <stro
Page 298 and 299: INDEX 277 eye wall concentric eye w
Page 300: INDEX silver iodide 112 Simpson, Ro
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