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146 chapter 4: students’ reading attitudes, self-concept, and out-of-school activities
PIRLS 2006
Exhibit 4.3 Students Reading Exhibit Stories 4.3: or Novels Students Outside Reading of School Stories with or Novels TrendsOutside
of School with Trends
Background data provided by students.
Countries
( ) Standard errors appear in parentheses. Because results are rounded to the nearest
whole number, some totals may appear inconsistent.
A diamond (◊) indicates the country did not participate in the 2001 assessment.
Every Day or Almost Every Day Once or Twice a Week
2006
Percent
of Students
Average
Achievement
Difference
in Percent
from 2001
2006
Percent
of Students
Average
Achievement
Difference
in Percent
from 2001
Canada, British Columbia 57 (1.2) 572 (2.5) ◊ ◊ 26 (0.7) 552 (3.2) ◊ ◊
Canada, Nova Scotia 54 (1.0) 557 (2.4) ◊ ◊ 26 (0.8) 534 (2.9) ◊ ◊
Canada, Alberta 53 (1.2) 577 (2.7) ◊ ◊ 27 (0.9) 549 (3.5) ◊ ◊
Canada, Ontario 50 (1.7) 566 (3.2) 0 (2.0) 28 (1.4) 548 (3.0) 0 (1.7)
Russian Federation 50 (1.1) 568 (3.6) –6 (1.9) i 32 (0.7) 565 (3.6) 3 (1.3) h
Trinidad and Tobago 47 (1.4) 452 (5.8) ◊ ◊ 31 (1.3) 431 (6.6) ◊ ◊
New Zealand 46 (1.1) 556 (2.3) 0 (1.9) 29 (0.8) 526 (2.6) –1 (1.4)
Israel 46 (1.0) 532 (4.2) 16 (1.5) h 32 (0.8) 513 (3.8) 6 (1.3) h
Netherlands 45 (1.0) 558 (2.0) –3 (1.5) i 28 (0.7) 542 (1.8) 2 (1.1) h
Singapore 44 (1.1) 579 (3.0) –9 (1.6) i 33 (0.8) 555 (3.1) 6 (1.1) h
Macedonia, Rep. of 44 (1.5) 442 (5.1) –4 (2.1) i 35 (1.3) 449 (5.0) 1 (1.8)
Canada, Quebec 44 (1.4) 546 (3.3) 5 (1.9) h 28 (0.8) 530 (3.1) –1 (1.3)
Iceland 42 (0.9) 522 (2.4) –2 (1.1) i 27 (0.8) 512 (2.3) 1 (1.0)
South Africa 39 (1.0) 308 (7.0) ◊ ◊ 33 (0.6) 310 (6.7) ◊ ◊
Qatar 37 (0.6) 361 (2.1) ◊ ◊ 37 (0.6) 359 (2.0) ◊ ◊
United States 36 (1.3) 558 (4.6) 2 (2.0) 28 (0.8) 541 (3.6) –1 (1.3)
Hungary 36 (1.2) 554 (4.6) 3 (1.5) h 34 (0.9) 553 (3.5) 1 (1.3)
Hong Kong SAR 36 (0.9) 575 (2.4) 16 (1.3) h 40 (0.8) 568 (2.6) –5 (1.2) i
Scotland 35 (1.3) 555 (4.2) –5 (1.8) i 29 (0.9) 525 (3.3) –2 (1.4)
Kuwait 33 (1.2) 351 (5.2) ◊ ◊ 40 (1.0) 337 (4.9) ◊ ◊
England 33 (1.2) 573 (3.9) –5 (1.8) i 30 (1.0) 535 (3.2) –1 (1.4)
Germany 32 (0.7) 566 (3.0) 5 (1.0) h 21 (0.8) 547 (3.7) 0 (1.1)
France 32 (1.0) 533 (2.9) 2 (1.5) 30 (0.8) 524 (2.3) 1 (1.2)
Georgia 32 (1.5) 467 (3.5) ◊ ◊ 32 (1.3) 479 (3.5) ◊ ◊
Belgium (Flemish) 31 (0.9) 557 (2.8) ◊ ◊ 34 (0.9) 546 (2.4) ◊ ◊
Spain 31 (1.1) 511 (3.7) ◊ ◊ 24 (0.8) 515 (3.0) ◊ ◊
Poland 31 (1.1) 524 (3.3) ◊ ◊ 37 (1.2) 524 (3.1) ◊ ◊
Sweden 30 (0.9) 564 (3.2) –3 (1.3) i 33 (0.9) 549 (3.4) –1 (1.2)
Chinese Taipei 30 (0.8) 549 (2.7) ◊ ◊ 36 (0.9) 541 (2.4) ◊ ◊
Denmark 29 (1.1) 558 (3.2) ◊ ◊ 26 (0.8) 548 (3.2) ◊ ◊
Belgium (French) 28 (0.9) 509 (3.7) ◊ ◊ 27 (0.8) 498 (3.5) ◊ ◊
Lithuania 28 (1.0) 542 (2.5) 1 (1.6) 30 (0.9) 538 (2.5) –1 (1.3)
Morocco 27 (1.2) 334 (6.2) 9 (1.6) h 36 (1.5) 334 (6.3) 2 (2.2)
Romania 27 (1.4) 491 (6.1) 7 (1.9) h 34 (1.3) 497 (5.8) –4 (1.9) i
Iran, Islamic Rep. of 25 (0.9) 435 (5.8) 2 (1.3) 43 (1.3) 429 (3.6) 1 (1.6)
Luxembourg 24 (0.6) 587 (2.6) ◊ ◊ 24 (0.6) 554 (2.6) ◊ ◊
Norway 23 (1.1) 509 (3.2) 5 (1.4) h 24 (0.9) 501 (3.5) –1 (1.2)
Austria 23 (0.9) 554 (3.0) ◊ ◊ 23 (0.8) 541 (3.0) ◊ ◊
Indonesia 22 (1.0) 399 (4.8) ◊ ◊ 36 (1.1) 413 (4.4) ◊ ◊
Bulgaria 22 (1.0) 558 (6.4) –6 (1.6) i 26 (1.0) 555 (4.9) –2 (1.5)
Italy 22 (1.2) 573 (4.4) 7 (1.4) h 20 (1.0) 556 (3.3) 2 (1.2)
Slovenia 21 (0.8) 536 (3.0) –5 (1.4) i 29 (0.8) 520 (3.0) 2 (1.3)
Moldova, Rep. of 19 (1.0) 499 (4.4) –4 (1.8) i 37 (1.2) 503 (3.7) –7 (2.2) i
Latvia 19 (0.9) 558 (4.0) –4 (1.3) i 25 (1.1) 548 (3.6) –2 (1.4)
Slovak Republic 15 (0.7) 540 (4.5) 0 (1.1) 21 (0.9) 536 (3.5) 0 (1.3)
International Avg. 32 (0.2) 512 (0.6) 31 (0.2) 503 (0.6)
h Percent in 2006 significantly higher
i Percent in 2006 significantly lower
4th Grade
NOTE: The International Average does not include the results from the Canadian provinces.
Trend Note: The primary education systems of the Russian Federation and Slovenia
underwent structural changes. Data for Canada, Ontario include only public schools.
SOURCE: IEA Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2006