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276 chapter 7: school contexts
Exhibit Exhibit 7.147.14: Index Index of Parents’ of Parents’ Perceptions of School of School Environment (PPSE) (PPSE)
Countries
Percent of
Students
High PPSE Medium PPSE Low PPSE
Average
Achievement
Percent of
Students
Average
Achievement
Percent of
Students
Average
Achievement
Romania 81 (1.5) 494 (5.2) 19 (1.5) 475 (8.0) 0 (0.1) ~ ~
Canada, Alberta r 71 (1.3) 569 (2.6) 27 (1.2) 558 (3.3) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
Macedonia, Rep. of 71 (1.1) 451 (4.1) 28 (1.0) 446 (5.6) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Trinidad and Tobago r 70 (1.1) 447 (5.0) 28 (1.0) 430 (6.2) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
Denmark 70 (1.4) 552 (2.4) 28 (1.3) 542 (3.5) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
Canada, Nova Scotia 70 (1.1) 548 (2.3) 28 (1.1) 541 (2.6) 2 (0.2) ~ ~
Georgia 70 (1.7) 473 (3.5) 29 (1.6) 474 (4.6) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Scotland s 70 (1.3) 544 (3.3) 29 (1.2) 542 (5.1) 1 (0.4) ~ ~
Bulgaria 69 (1.2) 551 (4.5) 30 (1.2) 554 (4.7) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Norway 69 (1.5) 502 (2.5) 30 (1.4) 500 (4.2) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Sweden 69 (1.5) 552 (2.7) 30 (1.3) 552 (2.7) 1 (0.3) ~ ~
New Zealand s 67 (1.1) 551 (2.3) 30 (1.0) 544 (3.3) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
Indonesia 67 (1.2) 409 (4.3) 33 (1.2) 401 (4.5) 0 (0.1) ~ ~
Netherlands s 67 (1.4) 555 (2.1) 31 (1.3) 558 (2.1) 2 (0.4) ~ ~
Canada, Quebec 67 (1.3) 539 (3.0) 31 (1.3) 531 (3.7) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
Lithuania 66 (1.3) 538 (1.9) 32 (1.2) 538 (2.1) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Moldova, Rep. of 66 (1.2) 504 (3.3) 33 (1.1) 494 (3.8) 1 (0.3) ~ ~
Iran, Islamic Rep. of 65 (1.1) 427 (3.4) 34 (1.1) 412 (3.7) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Canada, British Columbia r 65 (1.2) 567 (3.1) 33 (1.2) 558 (3.7) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
South Africa r 65 (0.9) 319 (6.5) 33 (0.8) 281 (5.6) 2 (0.2) ~ ~
Canada, Ontario 64 (1.2) 561 (2.9) 34 (1.1) 555 (3.7) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
Russian Federation 64 (1.2) 567 (3.6) 35 (1.2) 565 (3.5) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Slovak Republic 63 (1.3) 531 (3.1) 36 (1.2) 539 (3.1) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Belgium (Flemish) 63 (1.2) 552 (2.0) 36 (1.2) 544 (2.4) 1 (0.1) ~ ~
Poland 61 (1.1) 522 (2.8) 38 (1.0) 521 (2.8) 1 (0.3) ~ ~
Spain s 59 (1.6) 526 (3.0) 39 (1.6) 515 (3.6) 2 (0.4) ~ ~
Austria 59 (1.2) 544 (2.2) 38 (1.1) 537 (2.6) 3 (0.2) 540 (7.6)
Morocco 59 (1.9) 325 (6.2) 38 (1.8) 320 (8.9) 3 (0.6) 330 (19.6)
Italy 56 (1.2) 557 (3.2) 42 (1.1) 551 (3.4) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Belgium (French) r 56 (1.3) 505 (3.2) 43 (1.3) 500 (2.7) 1 (0.2) ~ ~
Hungary 56 (1.3) 556 (3.3) 40 (1.3) 552 (3.7) 4 (0.4) 541 (7.3)
Israel s 55 (1.5) 527 (4.0) 42 (1.3) 528 (5.4) 3 (0.4) 533 (14.5)
Slovenia 53 (1.0) 525 (2.3) 45 (0.9) 523 (2.6) 2 (0.2) ~ ~
Kuwait s 52 (1.3) 346 (5.1) 42 (1.2) 332 (4.9) 6 (0.6) 322 (12.3)
France 52 (1.2) 526 (2.5) 47 (1.1) 525 (2.4) 2 (0.2) ~ ~
Chinese Taipei 52 (1.0) 539 (2.4) 48 (1.0) 536 (2.4) 1 (0.1) ~ ~
Qatar s 52 (0.7) 366 (2.2) 44 (0.8) 353 (2.2) 4 (0.3) 329 (8.8)
Germany r 46 (1.5) 556 (2.3) 48 (1.4) 553 (2.6) 6 (0.5) 539 (5.8)
Iceland r 45 (0.8) 515 (2.2) 52 (0.8) 519 (2.3) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
Latvia 44 (1.2) 547 (2.9) 54 (1.2) 540 (2.9) 3 (0.3) 528 (8.4)
Singapore 41 (0.8) 560 (3.1) 56 (0.8) 561 (3.1) 3 (0.2) 553 (6.4)
Luxembourg 39 (0.8) 553 (2.0) 55 (0.8) 565 (1.5) 6 (0.3) 571 (3.7)
Hong Kong SAR 39 (1.1) 569 (2.7) 59 (1.0) 564 (2.4) 2 (0.3) ~ ~
England x x x x x x x x x x x x
United States – – – – – – – – – – – –
International Avg. 60 (0.2) 505 (0.6) 38 (0.2) 500 (0.8) 2 (0.0) ~ ~
Based on parents’ agreement with the following: my child’s school includes me in my
child’s education, my child’s school should make a greater effort to include me in my
child’s education, my child’s school cares about my child’s progress in school, and my
child’s school does a good job in helping my child become better in reading. Average is
computed across the five items based on a 4-point scale: Disagree a lot = 1, Disagree a
little = 2, Agree a little = 3, Agree a lot = 4. Responses for negative statements were reverse
coded. High level indicates an average of greater than 3 through 4. Medium level indicates
an average of 2 through 3. Low level indicates an average of 1 to less than 2.
( ) Standard errors appear in parentheses. Because results are rounded to the nearest
whole number, some totals may appear inconsistent.
PIRLS 2006
4th Grade
Percentage of Students at High
Level of PPSE
0 25 50 75 100
An “r” indicates data are available for 70–84% of the students. An “s” indicates data are
available for 50–69% of the students. An “x” indicates data are available for less than
50% of the students.
A dash (–) indicates comparable data are not available. A tilde (~) indicates insufficient
data to report achievement.
NOTE: The International Average does not include the results from the Canadian provinces.
SOURCE: IEA Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2006