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© 2007 International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) PIRLS 2006 International Report / by Ina V.S. Mullis, Michael O. Martin, Ann M. Kennedy, and Pierre Foy Publisher: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center, Lynch School of Education, Boston College Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2007925073 ISBN: 1-889938-44-0 For more information about PIRLS contact: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center Lynch School of Education Manresa House Boston College Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 United States tel: +1-617-552-1600 fax: +1-617-552-1203 email: pirls@bc.edu http://pirls.bc.edu Boston College is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. Printed and bound in the United States.
Contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 15 What Is PIRLS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 What Was the Nature of the PIRLS 2006 Test of Reading Comprehension? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 What Background Information Is Available About the Contexts for Students Learning to Read? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Which Countries Participated in PIRLS 2006? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Exhibit 1 Countries Participating in PIRLS 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Exhibit 2 Selected Characteristics of PIRLS 2006 Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Which Students Were Tested for PIRLS 2006? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Exhibit 3 Information about the Students Tested for PIRLS 2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Chapter 1 35 International Student Achievement in Reading How Do Countries Differ in Reading Achievement? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Exhibit 1.1 Distribution of Reading Achievement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Exhibit 1.2 Multiple Comparisons of Average Reading Achievement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 How Has Achievement in Reading Comprehension Changed Between PIRLS 2001 and PIRLS 2006? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Exhibit 1.3 Trends in Reading Achievement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 What Are the Gender Differences in Reading Achievement? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 How Does Achievement Differ Across Countries for Reading Literacy Purposes? . . . . . . . . . . 47 Exhibit 1.4 Differences in Average Reading Achievement by Gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Exhibit 1.5 Trends in Average Reading Achievement by Gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Exhibit 1.6 Relative Difference in Performance Between Literary and Informational Purposes . . . 51 Exhibit 1.7 Trends in Reading Achievement for Literary Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Exhibit 1.8 Trends in Reading Achievement for Informational Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 What Are the Gender Differences in Achievement for the Reading Purposes? . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 How Does Achievement Differ Across Countries for Reading Comprehension Processes? . . . 55 Exhibit 1.9 Average Achievement in Reading for Literary and Informational Purposes by Gender. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Exhibit 1.10 Relative Differences in Performance Between Reading Comprehension Processes . . 59 Exhibit 1.11 Trends in Reading Achievement for Retrieving and Straightforward Inferencing Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Exhibit 1.12 Trends in Reading Achievement for Interpreting, Integrating, and Evaluating Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 What Are the Gender Differences in Achievement for the Reading Processes?. . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Exhibit 1.13 Average Achievement in Reading Processes of Comprehension by Gender . . . . . . . 64
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Page 28 and 29: 16 introduction The IEA (Internatio
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Chapter 3 Literacy-related Activiti
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Chapter 4 Students’ Reading Attit
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Chapter 5 School Curriculum and Org
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chapter 5: school curriculum and or
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Appendix A Supplementary Informatio
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appendix a: overview of pirls 2006
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Appendix B Multiple Comparisons of
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Appendix D Sample Passages, Questio
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Appendix E Item Descriptions Develo
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appendix e: reading items used for
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Appendix G Organizations and Indivi
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TIMSS & PIRLS International Study C
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