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220 chapter 6: teachers and reading instruction
Exhibit 6.13 Students’ Exhibit 6.13: Reports Students’ About Reports Students About Reading Students Aloud Reading in Class Aloud in Class*
Countries
Every Day or Almost
Every Day
Percent of
Students
Average
Achievement
Once or Twice
a Week
Percent of
Students
Average
Achievement
Once or
Twice a Month
Percent of
Students
Average
Achievement
Never or
Almost Never
Percent of
Students
Average
Achievement
Austria 4 (0.3) 507 (6.8) 21 (0.8) 534 (3.5) 21 (0.9) 547 (2.9) 55 (1.3) 540 (2.2)
Belgium (Flemish) 9 (0.9) 529 (4.9) 33 (1.6) 544 (2.9) 22 (1.0) 548 (2.7) 37 (1.7) 554 (2.1)
Belgium (French) 19 (1.1) 473 (4.0) 39 (1.2) 500 (3.0) 19 (0.8) 511 (3.4) 23 (1.2) 513 (3.3)
Bulgaria 37 (1.9) 541 (5.9) 42 (1.6) 552 (5.0) 15 (0.9) 560 (5.7) 6 (0.5) 541 (8.8)
Canada, Alberta 5 (0.6) 547 (7.8) 30 (1.2) 557 (3.2) 20 (0.8) 563 (3.4) 45 (1.5) 564 (2.7)
Canada, British Columbia 3 (0.5) 554 (8.9) 24 (1.2) 559 (3.6) 21 (1.0) 565 (3.3) 51 (1.7) 557 (3.2)
Canada, Nova Scotia 4 (0.4) 505 (7.3) 23 (1.2) 541 (3.2) 21 (0.8) 551 (3.1) 52 (1.7) 545 (2.5)
Canada, Ontario 5 (0.5) 522 (6.8) 28 (1.6) 557 (4.4) 23 (0.8) 559 (4.3) 43 (1.8) 558 (2.7)
Canada, Quebec 13 (0.9) 511 (5.2) 33 (1.4) 530 (3.2) 22 (0.9) 543 (3.3) 32 (1.6) 541 (4.0)
Chinese Taipei 3 (0.3) 511 (8.6) 11 (0.5) 526 (3.4) 15 (0.9) 543 (3.4) 71 (1.3) 537 (2.1)
Denmark 5 (0.7) 532 (6.6) 33 (1.3) 546 (2.8) 24 (0.8) 547 (3.8) 38 (1.7) 549 (2.9)
England 3 (0.4) 464 (12.6) 28 (1.5) 533 (3.9) 26 (1.1) 546 (4.0) 42 (2.0) 548 (3.6)
France 15 (0.8) 495 (3.9) 39 (0.9) 524 (2.6) 25 (0.9) 528 (3.0) 21 (1.0) 532 (2.8)
Georgia 37 (1.7) 464 (3.3) 38 (2.0) 475 (5.3) 12 (1.4) 489 (7.7) 12 (0.7) 477 (5.3)
Germany 5 (0.4) 517 (6.1) 23 (1.1) 540 (3.7) 20 (0.6) 556 (3.1) 52 (1.3) 556 (2.3)
Hong Kong SAR 4 (0.3) 552 (6.2) 18 (0.8) 565 (3.5) 17 (0.7) 570 (3.2) 62 (1.0) 563 (2.4)
Hungary 16 (1.1) 525 (6.2) 37 (1.3) 551 (3.4) 21 (0.8) 562 (3.5) 26 (1.3) 560 (3.3)
Iceland 5 (0.3) 485 (5.9) 19 (0.6) 506 (2.9) 24 (0.7) 517 (2.3) 52 (0.8) 513 (1.9)
Indonesia 37 (1.5) 400 (4.6) 41 (1.2) 408 (5.0) 10 (0.6) 415 (6.5) 11 (0.8) 418 (6.1)
Iran, Islamic Rep. of 30 (1.6) 418 (4.4) 47 (1.3) 428 (4.4) 13 (1.0) 420 (8.8) 10 (0.7) 417 (5.6)
Israel 24 (1.2) 479 (6.0) 37 (1.1) 518 (3.9) 18 (0.8) 539 (4.0) 21 (0.9) 543 (4.2)
Italy 30 (1.7) 543 (4.8) 42 (1.4) 558 (3.3) 16 (1.0) 558 (4.3) 11 (0.8) 545 (5.2)
Kuwait r 33 (1.4) 332 (6.2) 43 (1.1) 341 (4.8) 11 (0.7) 343 (6.6) 12 (0.7) 355 (6.4)
Latvia 19 (1.2) 528 (4.9) 40 (1.2) 547 (3.2) 22 (1.2) 547 (3.1) 19 (0.9) 536 (3.0)
Lithuania 35 (1.7) 524 (2.3) 43 (1.3) 544 (1.8) 15 (0.8) 547 (3.3) 7 (0.6) 545 (4.9)
Luxembourg 3 (0.2) 521 (5.4) 24 (0.6) 554 (2.2) 28 (0.6) 563 (2.0) 45 (0.7) 559 (1.5)
Macedonia, Rep. of 53 (1.9) 423 (4.5) 35 (1.5) 467 (4.7) 7 (0.6) 503 (7.3) 4 (0.4) 475 (10.2)
Moldova, Rep. of 45 (1.8) 501 (3.8) 40 (1.4) 500 (3.6) 9 (0.8) 504 (4.3) 6 (0.4) 490 (7.6)
Morocco 42 (2.0) 318 (5.8) 43 (1.8) 331 (8.6) 9 (0.7) 341 (10.3) 6 (0.5) 309 (11.2)
Netherlands 3 (0.4) 518 (7.3) 12 (0.9) 542 (3.4) 16 (0.9) 552 (2.9) 69 (1.8) 549 (1.6)
New Zealand 5 (0.4) 460 (6.8) 22 (0.9) 519 (3.6) 23 (0.6) 540 (3.0) 51 (1.1) 543 (2.5)
Norway 8 (1.2) 474 (6.0) 34 (2.0) 500 (2.9) 21 (1.0) 503 (3.6) 38 (2.5) 501 (3.2)
Poland 20 (1.2) 498 (4.2) 41 (0.9) 522 (2.6) 21 (0.8) 535 (3.6) 19 (1.1) 527 (3.9)
Qatar 37 (0.6) 350 (2.0) 40 (0.6) 357 (1.6) 11 (0.4) 366 (3.5) 12 (0.4) 368 (3.8)
Romania 39 (2.2) 478 (6.7) 39 (1.7) 499 (5.0) 12 (0.9) 511 (6.3) 9 (0.7) 492 (10.1)
Russian Federation 30 (1.6) 552 (5.1) 41 (0.9) 568 (3.5) 21 (0.9) 576 (3.4) 8 (0.6) 570 (4.0)
Scotland 6 (0.8) 492 (8.7) 41 (1.8) 530 (3.1) 28 (1.4) 537 (4.1) 25 (1.7) 524 (4.3)
Singapore 6 (0.3) 514 (6.1) 24 (0.6) 551 (3.6) 20 (0.6) 562 (3.8) 51 (0.9) 567 (2.9)
Slovak Republic 32 (1.4) 509 (4.2) 43 (1.1) 537 (2.7) 16 (0.7) 547 (5.3) 9 (0.6) 558 (4.7)
Slovenia 15 (0.8) 506 (3.6) 41 (0.9) 522 (2.7) 24 (0.8) 529 (2.8) 20 (1.0) 525 (3.1)
South Africa 43 (1.1) 280 (4.0) 35 (0.6) 308 (6.9) 12 (0.6) 359 (13.0) 9 (0.6) 359 (13.8)
Spain 23 (1.1) 490 (4.1) 41 (1.2) 512 (2.9) 21 (1.1) 532 (3.3) 14 (0.8) 526 (5.0)
Sweden 2 (0.2) ~ ~ 23 (1.8) 549 (4.3) 25 (1.3) 551 (3.1) 50 (2.3) 552 (2.6)
Trinidad and Tobago 24 (1.8) 410 (7.4) 37 (1.2) 437 (5.9) 19 (1.2) 457 (6.9) 21 (1.3) 451 (7.0)
United States 9 (0.8) 510 (5.6) 28 (1.1) 537 (4.2) 21 (0.8) 548 (4.3) 41 (1.4) 547 (3.7)
International Avg. 20 (0.2) 477 (0.9) 34 (0.2) 502 (0.7) 18 (0.1) 513 (0.8) 27 (0.2) 508 (0.9)
Based on students’ responses to how often they do the following: read aloud to the whole
class; and read aloud to a small group of students in class. Average is computed based on a
4-point scale: Never or almost never = 1, Once or twice a month = 2, Once or twice a week
= 3, and Every day or almost every day = 4. Never or almost never indicates an average of
1 to less than 1.75. Once or twice a month indicates an average of 1.75 through 2.5. Once
or twice a week indicates an average of greater than 2.5 through 3.25. Every day or almost
every day indicates an average of greater than 3.25 through 4.
( ) Standard errors appear in parentheses. Because results are rounded to the nearest
whole number, some totals may appear inconsistent.
An “r” indicates data are available for 70–84% of the students. An “s” indicates data are
available for 50–69% of the students. An “x” indicates data are available for less than
50% of the students.
A tilde (~) indicates insufficient data to report achievement.
PIRLS 2006
4th Grade
NOTE: The International Average does not include the results from the Canadian provinces.
SOURCE: IEA Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2006