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chapter 5: school curriculum and organization for teaching reading
Exhibit 5.8: 5.8 Emphasis on on Processes of of Comprehension in the in the Reading Curriculum (Continued)
Countries
Discerning
Overall Message
or Theme
Interpret and Integrate Ideas and Information
Describing
Relationship
Between Two
Characters
Comparing and
Contrasting
Text
Information
Inferring
Story’s Mood
or Tone
Interpreting
a Real-World
Application
of Text
Information
Examine and Evaluate Content,
Language, and Textual Elements
Evaluating
Likelihood
that Events
Described Could
Really Happen
Judging
Completeness
or Clarity of
Information
in Text
Austria k k k k k k k k
Belgium (Flemish) k n n n n n k n
Belgium (French) k n n n k n j n
Bulgaria k k k n k n k n
Canada, Alberta k k k k k k k k
Canada, British Columbia k n k n n n k k
Canada, Nova Scotia k k k k k k k k
Canada, Ontario k k k k k n k k
Canada, Quebec n j n j n j j j
Chinese Taipei n n k k k k k k
Denmark n j j j j j j j
England k k k k k j k j
France k n j n n k n j
Georgia n j j j j j j j
Germany k n n n n n n n
Hong Kong SAR k k n n k n k k
Hungary k n j k j j j j
Iceland n j j j n j j j
Indonesia n j j n j j j j
Iran, Islamic Rep. of k k n n n n n n
Israel k k – j n j j k
Italy k k n n n n j n
Kuwait n k j j k j j j
Latvia k n n k n j n n
Lithuania n n n k j j j j
Luxembourg k n j k k j j j
Macedonia, Rep. of k n n n n j j j
Moldova, Rep. of n n n n k n j n
Morocco – – – – – – – –
Netherlands j j n j j k n j
New Zealand n n n n n n n n
Norway k n k k n k n n
Poland n n n n k n j j
Qatar j j j j n j j j
Romania k k n n n k k j
Russian Federation k k n k n n n k
Scotland k k k k n k k k
Singapore n j n j k n j j
Slovak Republic k n n n j j j j
Slovenia k k k n n k j n
South Africa n j j n n j j j
Spain k n n k k n n n
Sweden k n n n k k k n
Trinidad and Tobago k k n k k k n k
United States – – – – – – – –
k Major Emphasis
n Some Emphasis
j Little or No Emphasis
Determining
an Author’s
Perspective
175
PIRLS 2006
4th Grade
SOURCE: IEA Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2006