GGCA Gender and Climate Change Training Manual - Women's ...

gone into community-based adaptation. The flow of funds for subsistence issues,
which is a key concern of women farmers and critical to the food security needs
of all women, is still not adequately addressed.
Financing mitigation – the state of play
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The focus of financing mitigation is to remove barriers to energy
conservation, renewable energy and the transfer of technology. Mitigation
activities receive the most funding from the global climate change financial
coffers. Mitigation funds are invested in projects that remove barriers to energy
conservation, and promote energy efficiency and the adoption of renewable
energy. Though sustainable transportation and integrated ecosystem
management are also key priority areas, mitigation financing tends to be biased
towards energy and many projects that are financed are large-scale capitalintensive
projects. This has implications for the access and ownership of land by
indigenous people as well as women. In the final analysis, the current approach
to financing mitigation does not seem to consider the social and equity costs of
the climate change challenge.
The two key mitigation
funding programmes in the
UNFCCC framework are the CDM
(see Box 5) and the REDD. The World
Bank also leads or runs a whole
slew of mitigation sub-funds.
REDD (Reducing Emissions
from Deforestation and
Forest Degradation in Developing
Countries) is the newest and most
significant finance mechanism
for climate change. It offers
positive incentives in the form of
financial transfers to developing
countries to slow down their
rates of deforestation and forest
degradation to reduce emissions
of GHGs (mitigation). Policies and
measures under REDD include
payment for environmental services
(PES), agricultural and forest
sustainable management.
Box 4 A snapshot of the evolution of
some of the World Bank funds
The World Bank’s first generation of climate
change financing under the Clean Energy for
Development and Investment Framework
(CEIF) operates a “+50, 3x5 strategy” – 50%
of funding to climate change in three areas
(energy (for sub-Saharan Africa); low-carbon
development trajectory; and adaptation),
across five sectors (transport, agriculture,
water, energy and urban). Second generation
funds are emerging under the Climate
Investment Fund (CIF). These are focused
on intermixing development finance and
climate change finance implemented through
the networks of multilateral or regional
development banks (the African Development
Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the
Inter-American Development Bank and the
European Development Bank). CIF funds are
all about mitigation and are spread over two
sub-funds: the Clean Technology Fund (CTF)
geared towards Brazil, India and China, and
the Strategic Climate Fund (SCF).