Biological Opinions - Bureau of Reclamation

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Week <strong>of</strong> Water Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 7-Oct 772 855 613 550 620 590 601 587 511 662 483 598 736 646 14-Oct 1054 828 595 803 740 446 514 587 521 456 642 445 795 718 21-Oct 1031 843 595 1074 826 427 478 647 591 578 676 535 846 772 28-Oct 897 858 710 1271 825 461 508 613 562 588 532 609 762 813 4-Nov 1033 866 779 961 832 458 559 420 659 651 433 588 723 529 11-Nov 981 1090 471 746 833 593 620 560 630 637 626 552 832 647 18-Nov 1086 1290 785 809 868 462 647 668 433 633 728 485 878 692 25-Nov 1045 1224 806 851 745 489 618 578 442 576 544 489 661 675 2-Dec 1045 2678 817 814 497 602 659 598 493 413 555 541 551 685 9-Dec 751 2545 984 603 431 716 606 492 355 478 451 566 522 507 16-Dec 540 2024 1067 456 391 848 597 390 458 492 419 622 698 306 23-Dec 574 1810 1069 494 351 535 430 331 490 1430 649 698 725 1356 30-Dec 507 1298 1078 531 327 477 441 463 736 985 578 668 664 818 6-Jan 463 1447 846 549 383 341 409 381 4549 643 580 409 651 547 13-Jan 513 1277 866 547 626 301 312 450 4203 474 454 315 640 460 20-Jan 565 1173 1728 466 430 315 301 463 2917 510 339 413 571 320 27-Jan 2804 2227 1974 463 802 339 306 398 2472 516 406 473 444 307 3-Feb 2778 1872 1559 474 469 306 353 313 1503 551 400 414 467 788 10-Feb 2694 1245 1337 473 331 304 313 318 2265 469 319 400 394 1116 17-Feb 1932 1889 1361 486 355 326 324 362 2147 393 301 419 335 795 24-Feb 1578 1865 2110 450 328 304 307 338 1278 307 303 378 346 1240 3-Mar 2419 1859 2672 333 339 321 314 337 1046 852 302 310 340 1101 10-Mar 2688 3059 3335 454 643 524 595 398 1478 1782 312 502 307 1073 17-Mar 2252 3322 2754 568 1104 474 1031 461 2254 2353 289 527 493 1992 24-Mar 2144 3027 2528 806 1587 519 1877 457 1842 2903 1282 1197 571 2930 499
Week <strong>of</strong> Water Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 31-Mar 4062 2909 2297 956 1528 1000 1961 456 1743 2559 2186 1610 602 2792 7-Apr 3925 3880 1968 1042 1383 1775 1895 526 2556 1842 2151 1134 595 2686 14-Apr 2895 3107 1565 933 1140 1624 1273 616 3751 1459 1770 952 663 2074 21-Apr 2335 3135 1992 860 1805 1474 1291 594 4765 1712 2127 1270 799 1857 28-Apr 1644 4165 3919 935 1652 1402 1212 654 4435 1605 2270 1261 780 2269 5-May 2014 4171 2583 918 1399 1598 1060 717 3591 1460 2230 1419 968 2635 12-May 2950 3781 2267 865 1567 1726 1012 1146 4305 1495 1762 1472 1087 2412 19-May 3852 3520 2138 838 1335 1665 997 1656 4291 996 1939 1767 1163 2595 26-May 3797 3201 1718 877 1124 1481 895 2106 3787 860 1971 1449 1290 2865 2-Jun 3570 3384 1350 910 904 1336 824 2504 3240 816 1866 1233 1143 2809 9-Jun 3397 3598 1301 816 917 1547 852 1744 2341 892 2077 1245 1248 2716 16-Jun 3207 2679 1221 782 869 1342 876 1445 1792 828 2042 1255 1628 2363 23-Jun 3061 1811 1059 790 815 956 792 1088 1383 722 1306 1059 1405 2172 30-Jun 2400 1526 937 827 872 727 785 938 1236 757 970 949 1041 1920 7-Jul 1604 1132 857 766 886 825 767 725 892 839 878 946 845 1308 14-Jul 727 647 665 767 727 831 625 623 718 774 820 873 690 824 21-Jul 748 694 707 671 782 825 781 715 838 766 831 861 725 946 28-Jul 915 810 827 688 791 942 818 797 839 629 785 922 816 891 4-Aug 829 923 889 847 749 875 845 822 837 723 745 949 716 909 11-Aug 758 820 717 776 665 656 798 707 776 705 604 799 584 740 18-Aug 833 753 709 771 714 621 744 725 745 680 548 703 608 773 25-Aug 919 746 782 781 708 676 771 731 754 696 669 817 603 822 1-Sep 904 659 766 708 645 679 764 732 735 641 663 840 660 869 8-Sep 885 662 754 779 693 784 892 831 795 736 779 841 680 945 15-Sep 908 848 633 789 745 804 844 905 946 808 926 810 722 918 22-Sep 775 799 419 792 731 722 852 831 930 690 912 798 644 937 29-Sep 887 868 290 743 759 727 769 782 898 627 809 821 631 1046 500
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National Marine Fisheries Service U
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7.4.5 LRS and SNS Population Dynami
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11.1.5 Critical Assumptions .......
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16 APPENDICIES ....................
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Table 8.2 UKL end-of-month elevatio
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1. The act
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Figure 11.17. Coho salmon fry habit
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS Abbrevia
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Abbreviation/Acronym YTEP WDFW WRIM
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In 2001, the Services issued BiOps
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Findings of Fact and Order of Deter
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proposed changes to the vegetation
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Figure 3.1. The action area for Rec
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4 PROPOSED ACTION Reclamation propo
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4.2 Element Two Operate the Project
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October 1 and March 1. The proposed
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Reclamation incorporated the 1981 t
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Provide Project irrigation deliveri
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Table 4.3. UKL fill rate adjustment
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Table 4.5. Calculation of fall/wint
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Flows below IGD are ultimately the
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The EWA, Project Supply, and UKL Re
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Table 4.8. Environmental Water Acco
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eleases somewhat on the ascending l
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fish disease, die off, entrainment,
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acre-feet when the Project Supply c
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Table 4.11. Monthly maximum Lower K
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4.2.4 Ramp-Down Rates at Iron Gate
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progresses and EWA volumes are upda
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O&M activities are carried out eith
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1. The A Canal has six headgates th
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Therefore, Reclamation proposes to
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coordinate with the NMFS to develop
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the confluence with Omogar Creek at
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though several major improvements t
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Sucker larvae transform into age-0
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units: (1) Clear Lake; (2) Tule Lak
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Figure 7.2. Adult spawning populati
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Table 7.1. Estimated LRS and SNS ad
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1905, Ch. 567, 33 Stat. 714). The P
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Figure 7.4 Modeled April through No
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7.9.2 Klamath Basin The Oregon Clim
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A change in mean precipitation rang
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Table 7.2 Impaired water bodies wit
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Table 7.3 Seasonal comparisons of p
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ammonia that is lethal to 50 percen
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Table 7.4 Estimated external phosph
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examination of juvenile suckers fro
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Evaluation of baseline hydrology in
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2012 1931 through 2012 12.6% 0.24 5
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The overall water year trend (Table
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Figure 7.7 Sprague River trends, wa
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Figure 7.9 Sprague River trends, wa
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Figure 7.12 Williamson River trends
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Figure 7.14 UKL trends, water years
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Figure 7.17 UKL: net inflow departu
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7.10.3.3 Competition and Predation
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By late July, surviving larval suck
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Threat Nature of Threat Life Stage
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2011) and increased adult spawning
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Based on the best available informa
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contrast, water levels began 1.5 ft
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evaporation and seepage estimated a
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prolonged low oxygen conditions if
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The April through September 4,034.6
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8 EFFECTS OF THE ACTION ON LOST RIV
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Although the volume of Project wate
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than 1 m), and fitting one or more
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Figure 8.3. UKL elevations at the e
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Services and Reclamation will deter
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For cumulative net inflow values be
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Figure 8.8. UKL elevations at the e
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Figure 8.10. UKL elevations at the
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Figure 8.12. UKL elevations at the
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natural and man-caused changes in i
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Table 8.1 UKL end-of-month surface
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UKL. Based on best available inform
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larvae in UKL. Annual production of
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Table 8.5 UKL end-of-month elevatio
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Based on our review of the literatu
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into the Pelican Bay water quality
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We assume that UKL surface elevatio
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vary by several orders of magnitude
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survival rates, we know that some o
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populations, and contains the large
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8.3.5.1 Effects to Adult Sucker Spa
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Table 8.8 Clear Lake surface elevat
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occur, especially in the west lobe.
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Table 8.9 End of the month surface
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8.3.7.4 Effects of Entrainment Loss
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The source of the sediment is unkno
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period when they migrate upstream t
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limited LRS and SNS persistence in
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term and localized and because fish
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8.5.1 Canal Salvage Reclamation pro
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high predation rates and failure of
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include the Klamath Basin Rangeland
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Figure 9.1 Designated CHUs for the
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These are discussed in greater deta
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The proposed action will have no ef
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No other spawning habitat exists be
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consulted on. Current monitoring da
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proposed action and this PCE suppor
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Because of a multi-decade lack of r
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Adverse effects of the proposed act
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that juvenile survival is most like
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elocation effort in Lake Ewauna to
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LRS and SNS population resiliency o
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stratum 4 (Interior Klamath) in whi
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Pacific salmonids Oncorhynchus spp.
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scenario, actions and elements of t
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flow prescriptions should mimic pro
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11.2.1 Current Condition of Critica
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11.2.2 Factors Affecting SONCC Coho
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e disoriented or displaced downstre
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enhancement, and rehabilitative act
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Water Temperature Sedimentation Org
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Figure 11.1 Longitudinal and season
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functioning floodplains that fail t
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downstream of IGD, (2) enhance coho
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few local ranchers and water distri
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in some tributaries, access to and
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11.3.7 Summary of Critical Habitat
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these two time periods, the effects
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consists of approximately 29,000 ac
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The PacifiCorp habitat conservation
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IGD, or used in constructed habitat
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estoration, watershed planning, sal
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Table 11.4. Modeled suspended sedim
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parasites Ceratomyxa shasta (causes
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that become infected is estimated t
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where snow water equivalent is proj
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minimizing disease risks, the detai
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Figure 11.4. Proposed action, histo
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Figure 11.6. Proposed action weekly
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Figure 11.9. Regression between EWA
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Figure 11.11. Proposed action and o
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Figure 11.12. Number of days per wa
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Figure 11.14. Monthly coefficient o
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IGD. The proposed action modeled da
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The results from Table 11.7 indicat
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likely to increase the quantity of
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habitat decreases between the Shast
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Table 11.9. Daily average mainstem
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Table 11.10. Daily average mainstem
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5% 3336 13176 27664 26168 30946 237
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The proposed action results in agri
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Figure 11.21. Monthly mean of daily
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Riparian restoration projects will
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expected to be typical riparian spe
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Table 11.13. Annual percent of proj
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esource needs as they grow, and 3)
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11.5.2 Klamath River Basin Adjudica
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coho salmon within the Klamath Rive
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aspects of a natural flow regime th
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element of coho salmon critical hab
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12.1.1.1 Risk Analyses for Endanger
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ESU DIVERSITY STRATA POPULATIONS IN
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eproduction, and distribution. The
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Figure 12.2. Historic population st
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the average ratio of IP-km to total
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Although long-term data on coho sal
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1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986
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maintain viable abundances in many
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12.2.5.5 Viability Summary Though p
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coastal currents and upwelling, kno
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12.2.6.2 Marine Derived Nutrients M
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fisheries south of Cape Falcon, Ore
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12.3 Environmental Baseline of Coho
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water temperatures up to 19 ºC in
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some coho salmon smolts may stop mi
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threshold, all Klamath River coho s
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abundance threshold (Table 12.3). T
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mainstem Klamath and Trinity rivers
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Although there are risks to Klamath
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activities are generally beneficial
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12.4 Effects to Individuals The pro
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12.4.1.2 Response 12.4.1.2.1 Adults
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(2012) believes is representative o
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genotype II density of 5 spores/L w
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flows provide a limit to the increa
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polychaete and sediment disturbance
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which will likely result in a relat
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etween Trees of Heaven (RM 172) and
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action. Reclamation estimated that
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Based on literature, increased comp
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Table 12.6. Summary of risks result
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most juveniles. Stream flow diversi
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at most fish relocation sites, base
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higher, the minimally increased sed
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Small pulses of moderately turbid w
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Boulder faces in the deflector stru
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conditions may fail if those condit
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Adverse effects of the proposed act
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Potential Stressor Habitat Reductio
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Potential Stressor Elevated water t
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12.6.2 Effects of fitness consequen
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13 INCIDENTAL TAKE STATEMENT Sectio
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Table 13.1 Summary of maximum annua
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in fewer larvae and juveniles, and
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Table 13.2 Estimated annual maximum
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1.2.1.8. Incidental Take Caused by
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characteristics of aquatic species,
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Table 13.5 Expected annual Environm
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Cause of Incidental Take Habitat Re
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Clear Lake, Gerber Reservoir, and T
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This term and condition is requirin
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13.4 Mandatory Monitoring and Repor
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Required hydrologic monitoring incl
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Table 13.7. Summary of LRS and SNS
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T&C or Mandatory Monitoring Mandato
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Table 13.9 Summary of reporting and
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Table 13.10 Summary of meetings req
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the above QA/QC procedures describe
Page 429 and 430:
Barry, P.M., E.C. Janney, D.A. Hewi
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Burdick, S.M. and J. Rasmussen. 201
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Dunsmoor, L., L. Basdekas, B. Wood,
Page 435 and 436:
Garen, D. 2011, Upper Klamath Basin
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Janney, E.C., B.S. Hayes, D.A. Hewi
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Laenen, A., and A.P. LeTourneau. 19
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Miller, R.R., and G.R. Smith. 1981.
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Perkins, D.L., and G.G. Scoppettone
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(Deltistes luxatus) in Tule and Cle
Page 447 and 448:
Terwilliger, M. 2006. Physical habi
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USBR [U.S. Bureau of Reclamation].
Page 451 and 452:
Williams, J.E. 2000. Chapter 13. Th
Page 453 and 454:
Arthington, A.H., S.E. Bunn, N.L. P
Page 455 and 456:
Beeman, J., S. Juhnke, G. Stutzer a
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Brommer, J.E. 2000. The evolution o
Page 459 and 460:
Department of the Army Regional Gen
Page 461 and 462:
Chilcote, M. W. 2003. Relationship
Page 463 and 464:
Dunsmoor LK, and Huntington CW. 200
Page 465 and 466: Foott, J.S., R. Stone, E. Wiseman,
Page 467 and 468: Habera, J.W., R.J. Strange, B.D. Ca
Page 469 and 470: Hemstreet, T. 2013. Electronic mail
Page 471 and 472: Jordan, M. S. 2012. Hydraulic predi
Page 473 and 474: Kostow, K. E., A. R. Marshall and S
Page 475 and 476: MacFarlane, R. B., S. Hayes, and B.
Page 477 and 478: Moyle, P. B. 2002. Inland Fishes of
Page 479 and 480: PacifiCorp Klamath Hydroelectric Pr
Page 481 and 482: Oregon Department of Environmental
Page 483 and 484: Puckridge, J. T., F. Sheldon, K. F.
Page 485 and 486: Ring, T.E. and B. Watson. 1999. Eff
Page 487 and 488: Sommer, T. R., M. L. Nobriga, W. C.
Page 489 and 490: Taylor, R. 1991. A review of local
Page 491 and 492: USFWS [U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serv
Page 493 and 494: Ward G, and Armstrong N. 2010. Asse
Page 495 and 496: Winker, K., J. H. Rappole, and M. A
Page 497 and 498: 77 FR 476. National Marine Fisherie
Page 499 and 500: UKL Elevation (feet) Active Storage
Page 505 and 506: 16.2 Appendix B: Elevation Flow Dat
Page 507 and 508: 490
Page 509 and 510: Week of Water Year 1981 1982 1983 1
Page 515: Week of Water Year 1981 1982 1983 1
Page 527 and 528: Water Year October November Decembe
Page 533 and 534: 16.3 Appendix C: Description of Res
Page 535 and 536: 4. Removal of Small Dams (permanent
Page 537 and 538: Information regarding consideration
Page 539 and 540: 9. Piping Ditches a. Project Descri
Page 541 and 542: . Site-Specific Restrictions Restri
Page 543 and 544: 6. Protection Measures The followin
Page 545 and 546: to enter or be placed where they co
Page 547 and 548: shall be distributed throughout the
Page 549 and 550: weed free straw, silt fences) are i
Page 551 and 552: the project is located, and compris
Page 553 and 554: 2. Post Construction Monitoring and
Page 555 and 556: Median Seasonal Flow (acre-feet) Me
Page 567 and 568:
Median Seasonal Flow (acre-feet) Me
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Page 571 and 572:
Page 573 and 574:
Page 575 and 576:
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Page 579 and 580:
Page 581 and 582:
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Median Seasonal Net Inflow (acre-fe
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Page 595 and 596:
Page 597 and 598:
16.5 Appendix E: Observed and Model
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Observed and modeled proposed actio
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Observed and modeled proposed actio
Page 603 and 604:
16.6 Appendix F: Analyzing the rela
Page 605 and 606:
Table 1. Paired comparison of the c
Page 607:
Table 3. The difference in the mean
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