Biological Opinions - Bureau of Reclamation

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Week <strong>of</strong> Water Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 7-Oct 1293 1438 1256 1346 1118 1136 1103 1110 1115 1199 1120 1123 1161 1037 14-Oct 1592 1587 1183 1372 1085 1031 1043 1040 1062 1089 1131 1087 1176 1010 21-Oct 1605 1546 1245 1516 1174 1020 1060 1096 1078 1137 1254 1085 1326 1009 28-Oct 1518 1624 1350 1758 1216 1046 1042 1236 1086 1150 1691 1110 1315 1097 4-Nov 1565 1599 1496 1618 1237 1035 1042 1264 1085 1146 1107 1120 1297 1182 11-Nov 1554 1488 1123 1341 1134 1022 1002 1068 1173 1038 1100 1086 1119 994 18-Nov 1610 1685 1330 1354 1103 1120 1038 1115 1318 1086 1193 1058 1153 1042 25-Nov 1624 1782 1474 1433 1150 991 1015 1031 1010 1320 1090 1001 1087 1016 2-Dec 1797 3984 1497 1406 1435 994 1011 1010 1027 1108 1081 1001 1032 1012 9-Dec 1431 3907 1702 1266 1013 938 1005 986 1303 977 1000 967 956 1049 16-Dec 1001 3016 1703 984 1029 976 1002 1712 1057 1096 960 955 960 1270 23-Dec 973 2572 1654 1031 1055 1136 1000 1241 1090 2513 955 958 976 2364 30-Dec 1044 1825 1656 996 963 1037 957 951 2610 1924 983 990 969 1885 6-Jan 1357 1865 1347 968 1442 1909 979 994 9401 1603 979 1044 963 1430 13-Jan 1199 1723 1252 984 2078 1320 1043 940 8680 1569 1196 969 958 1213 20-Jan 1791 1604 2750 980 1241 1453 1268 965 4890 1213 1009 964 993 1268 27-Jan 4934 3670 3314 988 1177 1415 1222 994 4619 1029 967 971 978 1576 3-Feb 4875 3788 2710 977 1061 1504 1019 1201 3200 967 998 983 954 1307 10-Feb 4863 2222 2322 973 998 1405 996 1045 5340 985 1184 968 1002 1702 17-Feb 3511 3054 2327 988 967 1065 984 953 4711 1152 1227 970 1003 1413 24-Feb 2685 3293 3107 999 1106 1021 2026 974 2787 1250 1218 1001 989 1765 3-Mar 3292 4561 3503 1016 1568 997 2170 1025 2099 1981 1384 1361 1013 1850 10-Mar 4010 6709 4480 1026 1667 1047 1950 1019 2970 3142 1754 1907 1031 1707 17-Mar 3748 6419 3990 1124 2151 1176 2196 1083 3683 3930 1936 1647 996 3161 24-Mar 3340 5796 3448 1209 2510 1477 3034 1123 3052 4391 3221 1971 1001 5030 507
Week <strong>of</strong> Water Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 31-Mar 6218 5871 3113 1595 2213 1728 3223 1139 2819 3758 3972 2615 1009 4953 7-Apr 6640 6242 2839 1730 2073 2446 2882 1215 3876 2838 3585 2207 1133 4518 14-Apr 6004 5821 2281 1527 1972 2494 2067 1264 5631 2302 2668 1726 1156 3519 21-Apr 4927 5651 2651 1286 2555 2253 1952 1178 6925 2442 2828 1935 1153 2912 28-Apr 3096 5980 4895 1436 2376 2131 1873 1188 6860 2196 3178 1857 1192 3740 5-May 2947 5598 3286 1408 2058 2398 1638 1439 5352 1974 3270 1986 1563 3773 12-May 3868 4791 2786 1239 2392 2381 1377 1884 5110 2092 2568 2227 1671 3276 19-May 5437 4563 2680 1176 1826 2307 1456 2681 5038 1699 2735 2522 1589 3378 26-May 5781 4210 2295 1207 1421 2034 1373 3127 4587 1311 3008 1933 1709 3612 2-Jun 5510 4592 1903 1146 1399 1904 1288 3021 4150 1155 2790 1498 1541 3557 9-Jun 4904 4538 1729 1215 1379 2036 1240 2267 2926 1229 3200 1530 1666 3322 16-Jun 4241 3485 1620 1135 1334 1791 1347 1821 2293 1386 3076 1840 2199 2789 23-Jun 3861 2547 1491 954 1084 1328 1136 1447 1753 1104 1975 1656 1783 2690 30-Jun 2931 2137 1177 949 950 1062 971 1263 1344 965 1371 1284 1331 2388 7-Jul 2234 1767 1025 965 1002 957 1042 1126 1244 962 1153 1073 1077 1906 14-Jul 1423 1318 1178 1019 1020 973 1029 1013 1153 1060 1074 1061 974 1217 21-Jul 1204 1231 1080 1033 927 978 1016 1004 1073 1054 1007 1050 912 1133 28-Jul 1236 1192 1090 1004 903 914 1046 1005 1066 1103 1085 1042 890 1186 4-Aug 1259 1133 1060 971 998 919 1006 992 941 992 1101 1079 938 1182 11-Aug 1159 1156 1165 1062 935 1056 1069 1052 1038 1063 1164 1126 968 1176 18-Aug 1126 1138 1043 994 887 991 1046 986 1105 1062 1052 1064 896 1099 25-Aug 1138 1147 1034 1056 903 899 1035 994 985 1032 1064 1055 903 1101 1-Sep 1164 1177 1089 1054 920 904 1051 932 1090 1056 1058 1077 895 1052 8-Sep 1198 1146 1164 1072 1026 1007 1011 1003 1109 1053 1010 1126 952 1124 15-Sep 1260 1238 1481 1096 1082 1108 1115 1128 1179 1147 1125 1157 1006 1205 22-Sep 1223 1221 1201 1122 1096 1122 1143 1123 1213 1157 1160 1111 1022 1180 29-Sep 1247 1229 1214 1132 1121 1145 1157 1146 1209 1173 1173 1138 1068 1180 508
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National Marine Fisheries Service U
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7.4.5 LRS and SNS Population Dynami
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11.1.5 Critical Assumptions .......
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16 APPENDICIES ....................
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Table 8.2 UKL end-of-month elevatio
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1. The act
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Figure 11.17. Coho salmon fry habit
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS Abbrevia
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Abbreviation/Acronym YTEP WDFW WRIM
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In 2001, the Services issued BiOps
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Findings of Fact and Order of Deter
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proposed changes to the vegetation
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Figure 3.1. The action area for Rec
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4 PROPOSED ACTION Reclamation propo
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4.2 Element Two Operate the Project
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October 1 and March 1. The proposed
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Reclamation incorporated the 1981 t
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Provide Project irrigation deliveri
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Table 4.3. UKL fill rate adjustment
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Table 4.5. Calculation of fall/wint
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Flows below IGD are ultimately the
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The EWA, Project Supply, and UKL Re
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Table 4.8. Environmental Water Acco
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eleases somewhat on the ascending l
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fish disease, die off, entrainment,
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acre-feet when the Project Supply c
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Table 4.11. Monthly maximum Lower K
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4.2.4 Ramp-Down Rates at Iron Gate
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progresses and EWA volumes are upda
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O&M activities are carried out eith
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1. The A Canal has six headgates th
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Therefore, Reclamation proposes to
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coordinate with the NMFS to develop
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the confluence with Omogar Creek at
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though several major improvements t
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Sucker larvae transform into age-0
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units: (1) Clear Lake; (2) Tule Lak
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Figure 7.2. Adult spawning populati
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Table 7.1. Estimated LRS and SNS ad
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1905, Ch. 567, 33 Stat. 714). The P
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Figure 7.4 Modeled April through No
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7.9.2 Klamath Basin The Oregon Clim
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A change in mean precipitation rang
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Table 7.2 Impaired water bodies wit
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Table 7.3 Seasonal comparisons of p
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ammonia that is lethal to 50 percen
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Table 7.4 Estimated external phosph
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examination of juvenile suckers fro
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Evaluation of baseline hydrology in
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2012 1931 through 2012 12.6% 0.24 5
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The overall water year trend (Table
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Figure 7.7 Sprague River trends, wa
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Figure 7.9 Sprague River trends, wa
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Figure 7.12 Williamson River trends
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Figure 7.14 UKL trends, water years
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Figure 7.17 UKL: net inflow departu
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7.10.3.3 Competition and Predation
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By late July, surviving larval suck
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Threat Nature of Threat Life Stage
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2011) and increased adult spawning
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Based on the best available informa
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contrast, water levels began 1.5 ft
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evaporation and seepage estimated a
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prolonged low oxygen conditions if
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The April through September 4,034.6
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8 EFFECTS OF THE ACTION ON LOST RIV
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Although the volume of Project wate
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than 1 m), and fitting one or more
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Figure 8.3. UKL elevations at the e
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Services and Reclamation will deter
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For cumulative net inflow values be
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Figure 8.8. UKL elevations at the e
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Figure 8.10. UKL elevations at the
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Figure 8.12. UKL elevations at the
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natural and man-caused changes in i
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Table 8.1 UKL end-of-month surface
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UKL. Based on best available inform
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larvae in UKL. Annual production of
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Table 8.5 UKL end-of-month elevatio
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Based on our review of the literatu
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into the Pelican Bay water quality
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We assume that UKL surface elevatio
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vary by several orders of magnitude
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survival rates, we know that some o
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populations, and contains the large
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8.3.5.1 Effects to Adult Sucker Spa
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Table 8.8 Clear Lake surface elevat
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occur, especially in the west lobe.
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Table 8.9 End of the month surface
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8.3.7.4 Effects of Entrainment Loss
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The source of the sediment is unkno
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period when they migrate upstream t
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limited LRS and SNS persistence in
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term and localized and because fish
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8.5.1 Canal Salvage Reclamation pro
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high predation rates and failure of
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include the Klamath Basin Rangeland
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Figure 9.1 Designated CHUs for the
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These are discussed in greater deta
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The proposed action will have no ef
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No other spawning habitat exists be
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consulted on. Current monitoring da
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proposed action and this PCE suppor
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Because of a multi-decade lack of r
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Adverse effects of the proposed act
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that juvenile survival is most like
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elocation effort in Lake Ewauna to
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LRS and SNS population resiliency o
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stratum 4 (Interior Klamath) in whi
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Pacific salmonids Oncorhynchus spp.
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scenario, actions and elements of t
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flow prescriptions should mimic pro
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11.2.1 Current Condition of Critica
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11.2.2 Factors Affecting SONCC Coho
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e disoriented or displaced downstre
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enhancement, and rehabilitative act
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Water Temperature Sedimentation Org
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Figure 11.1 Longitudinal and season
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functioning floodplains that fail t
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downstream of IGD, (2) enhance coho
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few local ranchers and water distri
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in some tributaries, access to and
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11.3.7 Summary of Critical Habitat
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these two time periods, the effects
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consists of approximately 29,000 ac
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The PacifiCorp habitat conservation
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IGD, or used in constructed habitat
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estoration, watershed planning, sal
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Table 11.4. Modeled suspended sedim
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parasites Ceratomyxa shasta (causes
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that become infected is estimated t
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where snow water equivalent is proj
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minimizing disease risks, the detai
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Figure 11.4. Proposed action, histo
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Figure 11.6. Proposed action weekly
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Figure 11.9. Regression between EWA
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Figure 11.11. Proposed action and o
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Figure 11.12. Number of days per wa
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Figure 11.14. Monthly coefficient o
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IGD. The proposed action modeled da
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The results from Table 11.7 indicat
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likely to increase the quantity of
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habitat decreases between the Shast
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Table 11.9. Daily average mainstem
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Table 11.10. Daily average mainstem
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5% 3336 13176 27664 26168 30946 237
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The proposed action results in agri
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Figure 11.21. Monthly mean of daily
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Riparian restoration projects will
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expected to be typical riparian spe
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Table 11.13. Annual percent of proj
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esource needs as they grow, and 3)
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11.5.2 Klamath River Basin Adjudica
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coho salmon within the Klamath Rive
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aspects of a natural flow regime th
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element of coho salmon critical hab
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12.1.1.1 Risk Analyses for Endanger
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ESU DIVERSITY STRATA POPULATIONS IN
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eproduction, and distribution. The
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Figure 12.2. Historic population st
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the average ratio of IP-km to total
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Although long-term data on coho sal
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1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986
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maintain viable abundances in many
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12.2.5.5 Viability Summary Though p
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coastal currents and upwelling, kno
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12.2.6.2 Marine Derived Nutrients M
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fisheries south of Cape Falcon, Ore
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12.3 Environmental Baseline of Coho
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water temperatures up to 19 ºC in
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some coho salmon smolts may stop mi
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threshold, all Klamath River coho s
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abundance threshold (Table 12.3). T
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mainstem Klamath and Trinity rivers
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Although there are risks to Klamath
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activities are generally beneficial
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12.4 Effects to Individuals The pro
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12.4.1.2 Response 12.4.1.2.1 Adults
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(2012) believes is representative o
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genotype II density of 5 spores/L w
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flows provide a limit to the increa
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polychaete and sediment disturbance
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which will likely result in a relat
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etween Trees of Heaven (RM 172) and
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action. Reclamation estimated that
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Based on literature, increased comp
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Table 12.6. Summary of risks result
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most juveniles. Stream flow diversi
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at most fish relocation sites, base
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higher, the minimally increased sed
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Small pulses of moderately turbid w
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Boulder faces in the deflector stru
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conditions may fail if those condit
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Adverse effects of the proposed act
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Potential Stressor Habitat Reductio
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Potential Stressor Elevated water t
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12.6.2 Effects of fitness consequen
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13 INCIDENTAL TAKE STATEMENT Sectio
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Table 13.1 Summary of maximum annua
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in fewer larvae and juveniles, and
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Table 13.2 Estimated annual maximum
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1.2.1.8. Incidental Take Caused by
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characteristics of aquatic species,
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Table 13.5 Expected annual Environm
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Cause of Incidental Take Habitat Re
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Clear Lake, Gerber Reservoir, and T
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This term and condition is requirin
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13.4 Mandatory Monitoring and Repor
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Required hydrologic monitoring incl
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Table 13.7. Summary of LRS and SNS
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T&C or Mandatory Monitoring Mandato
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Table 13.9 Summary of reporting and
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Table 13.10 Summary of meetings req
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the above QA/QC procedures describe
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Barry, P.M., E.C. Janney, D.A. Hewi
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Burdick, S.M. and J. Rasmussen. 201
Page 433 and 434:
Dunsmoor, L., L. Basdekas, B. Wood,
Page 435 and 436:
Garen, D. 2011, Upper Klamath Basin
Page 437 and 438:
Janney, E.C., B.S. Hayes, D.A. Hewi
Page 439 and 440:
Laenen, A., and A.P. LeTourneau. 19
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Miller, R.R., and G.R. Smith. 1981.
Page 443 and 444:
Perkins, D.L., and G.G. Scoppettone
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(Deltistes luxatus) in Tule and Cle
Page 447 and 448:
Terwilliger, M. 2006. Physical habi
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USBR [U.S. Bureau of Reclamation].
Page 451 and 452:
Williams, J.E. 2000. Chapter 13. Th
Page 453 and 454:
Arthington, A.H., S.E. Bunn, N.L. P
Page 455 and 456:
Beeman, J., S. Juhnke, G. Stutzer a
Page 457 and 458:
Brommer, J.E. 2000. The evolution o
Page 459 and 460:
Department of the Army Regional Gen
Page 461 and 462:
Chilcote, M. W. 2003. Relationship
Page 463 and 464:
Dunsmoor LK, and Huntington CW. 200
Page 465 and 466:
Foott, J.S., R. Stone, E. Wiseman,
Page 467 and 468:
Habera, J.W., R.J. Strange, B.D. Ca
Page 469 and 470:
Hemstreet, T. 2013. Electronic mail
Page 471 and 472:
Jordan, M. S. 2012. Hydraulic predi
Page 473 and 474: Kostow, K. E., A. R. Marshall and S
Page 475 and 476: MacFarlane, R. B., S. Hayes, and B.
Page 477 and 478: Moyle, P. B. 2002. Inland Fishes of
Page 479 and 480: PacifiCorp Klamath Hydroelectric Pr
Page 481 and 482: Oregon Department of Environmental
Page 483 and 484: Puckridge, J. T., F. Sheldon, K. F.
Page 485 and 486: Ring, T.E. and B. Watson. 1999. Eff
Page 487 and 488: Sommer, T. R., M. L. Nobriga, W. C.
Page 489 and 490: Taylor, R. 1991. A review of local
Page 491 and 492: USFWS [U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serv
Page 493 and 494: Ward G, and Armstrong N. 2010. Asse
Page 495 and 496: Winker, K., J. H. Rappole, and M. A
Page 497 and 498: 77 FR 476. National Marine Fisherie
Page 499 and 500: UKL Elevation (feet) Active Storage
Page 505 and 506: 16.2 Appendix B: Elevation Flow Dat
Page 507 and 508: 490
Page 509 and 510: Week of Water Year 1981 1982 1983 1
Page 523: Week of Water Year 1981 1982 1983 1
Page 527 and 528: Water Year October November Decembe
Page 533 and 534: 16.3 Appendix C: Description of Res
Page 535 and 536: 4. Removal of Small Dams (permanent
Page 537 and 538: Information regarding consideration
Page 539 and 540: 9. Piping Ditches a. Project Descri
Page 541 and 542: . Site-Specific Restrictions Restri
Page 543 and 544: 6. Protection Measures The followin
Page 545 and 546: to enter or be placed where they co
Page 547 and 548: shall be distributed throughout the
Page 549 and 550: weed free straw, silt fences) are i
Page 551 and 552: the project is located, and compris
Page 553 and 554: 2. Post Construction Monitoring and
Page 555 and 556: Median Seasonal Flow (acre-feet) Me
Page 575 and 576:
Median Seasonal Flow (acre-feet) Me
Page 577 and 578:
Page 579 and 580:
Page 581 and 582:
Page 583 and 584:
Page 585 and 586:
Page 587 and 588:
Page 589 and 590:
Page 591 and 592:
Median Seasonal Net Inflow (acre-fe
Page 593 and 594:
Page 595 and 596:
Page 597 and 598:
16.5 Appendix E: Observed and Model
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Observed and modeled proposed actio
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Observed and modeled proposed actio
Page 603 and 604:
16.6 Appendix F: Analyzing the rela
Page 605 and 606:
Table 1. Paired comparison of the c
Page 607:
Table 3. The difference in the mean
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