registration document France Telecom 2009 - Orange.com

egistration document appendices
TECHNICAL GLOSSARY
Third Party Maintenance Application (TPMA): type of
outsourcing concerning the maintenance of a company’s
software by an outside service provider. Usually, there is only a
contractual guarantee of resources, not of results.
TMA: see Third P arty M aintenance A pplication.
Triple-Play: broadband subscription package including Internet
access, telephony and an package of television channels.
UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access): standard to enable
roaming between mobile telephony (GSM, UMTS) and radio
infrastructures (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth). Unik telephone in France
(Unique in Great Britain, Unico in Spain, Unifon in Poland), is the
telephone marketed by France Telecom with the UMA standard.
UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System): third
generation (3G) mobile telephony standard enabling high volume
communication (up to 2 Mbits/s in theoretical symmetrical fl ow)
on frequency bands of 1.9 to 2.2 GHz.
Unbundling: obligation for operators owning local loops to
provide access to their copper wires by third party operators.
The third-party operator compensates the operator-owner for
this use and installs its own transmission equipment at the
end of the local loop to connect the subscribers to its own
network. Co-localization of equipment is also offered to third
party operators in addition to unbundling. The unbundling of the
local loop can be shared or full. Shared unbundling enables the
third-party operator to offer a broadband service on the highest
frequency spectrum of the line, whereas the operator-owner
continues to provide the subscription and telephone service on
the lowest frequency spectrum. Full unbundling allows the thirdparty
operator to control and use the full frequency spectrum of
the line and provide telephone as well as broadband services.
Video-telephony: technique making it possible to call and
view the person called onscreen, displaying photos, videos and
using MMS services, transmitting sound and images in real-time
through a telephone line using a videophone. France Telecom’s
video-telephony service is “Maligne visio”.
VLR (Visitor Location Register): temporary database
containing information about all users (Mobile Stations) of the
network, which is integrated in the Mobile Service Switching
Center (MSC).
VOD (Video On Demand): video by request refers to the
possibility of selecting digital video content and downloading it
from a central server on to a computer or television.
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP): transport of voice services
using IP technologies.
VPN (Virtual Private Network): see Virtual Private Network.
WAN (Wide Area Network): network spanning several buildings
or a town or city. See MAN.
WAP (Wireless Application Protocol): protocol optimizing
Internet access from mobile terminals.
WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing): see Dense
Wavelength Division Multiplexing.
Wi-Fi (Wireless-Fidelity): technology enabling the connection
of wireless equipment using radio waves in the 2.4 GHz
wavelength, at speeds of 11MBit/s (802.11b standard) or
54 Mbit/s (802.11g standard). By extending the Ethernet
protocol to cover radio services, Wi-Fi offers businesses and
individuals the ability to wirelessly connect several computers
or shared devices in a network over distances that may reach
several dozen meters.
WiMax: wireless broadband transmission standard operating
at 70 Mbit/s (802.16 standard), which enables several Wi-Fi
access points to connect to a fi ber optic network and therefore
increases the range of Wi-Fi networks. With a nominal range of
50 km, it should eventually enable the development of city-wide
networks (MAN) based on a single access point.
WLR: Wholesale Telephone Line Rental.
xDSL: s ee DSL.
Virtual Mobile Operator: see MVNO.
Virtual Private Network (VPN): network which shares one or
more public networks for the internal and private needs of a
closed user group .
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