Assisting the older driver - SWOV
Assisting the older driver - SWOV
Assisting the older driver - SWOV
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Effects of intersection design on workload and driving performance<br />
second and third baseline measurements in a separate mixed between‐within<br />
analysis of variance, <strong>the</strong> interaction effect of baseline and functional age was<br />
no longer significant. Generally speaking, <strong>the</strong> task of passing intersections<br />
was more difficult than <strong>the</strong> task of driving on a straight road section, and<br />
both tasks were more difficult for functionally <strong>older</strong> <strong>driver</strong>s than <strong>the</strong>y were<br />
for functionally young en middle‐aged participants. However, <strong>the</strong> increase in<br />
workload was <strong>the</strong> same for all functional age groups.<br />
Effect of intersection characteristics on workload<br />
To study <strong>the</strong> effects of intersection characteristics on workload, mean<br />
reaction times and fractions missed per intersection were averaged over<br />
intersections that were expected to be <strong>the</strong> same based ei<strong>the</strong>r on (a) <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
priority regulation, (b) <strong>the</strong> <strong>driver</strong>’s manoeuvre, (c) intersection layout, or (d)<br />
sight distance (see Section 6.2.4). Table 6.5 shows <strong>the</strong> categories of each<br />
classification in <strong>the</strong> expected order of difficulty, with <strong>the</strong> easiest category at<br />
<strong>the</strong> top of each column and <strong>the</strong> most difficult category at <strong>the</strong> bottom.<br />
Priority regulation<br />
(Nint = 28)<br />
Driver’s manoeuvre<br />
(Nint = 23)<br />
Intersection layout<br />
(Nint = 23)<br />
Sight distance<br />
(Nint = 23)<br />
Right of way<br />
(nint = 5)<br />
Turn right<br />
(nint = 2)<br />
3‐way intersection,<br />
left‐side ( ┤)<br />
(nint = 4)<br />
Normal<br />
(nint = 17)<br />
Yield to approaching<br />
(nint = 9)<br />
Enter a roundabout<br />
(nint = 2)<br />
3‐way intersection,<br />
right‐side (├ )<br />
(nint = 3)<br />
Restricted view<br />
(nint = 6)<br />
Yield to left<br />
(nint = 4)<br />
Turn left in front of<br />
approaching traffic<br />
(nint = 9)<br />
Roundabout<br />
(nint = 2)<br />
Yield to all<br />
(nint = 4)<br />
Crossing without<br />
right of way<br />
(nint = 4)<br />
3‐way intersection,<br />
T‐junction (┬)<br />
(nint = 4)<br />
Right‐before‐left<br />
(one side‐street)<br />
(nint = 3)<br />
Turning left while<br />
crossing <strong>the</strong> street<br />
(nint = 6)<br />
4‐way intersection,<br />
dual carriageways<br />
(nint = 5)<br />
Right‐before‐left<br />
(two side‐streets)<br />
(nint = 3)<br />
4‐way intersection<br />
(nint = 5)<br />
Table 6.5. Classifications of intersections (number of intersections per category).<br />
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