NIS - libdoc.who.int - World Health Organization

Fructus Hippophaës recens
extractive tests are to be established in accordance with national requirements.
Chemical assays
Contains not less than 10 mg% of total carotenoids expressed as β-carotene
(1, 2). Not less than 1.5% of total flavonoids, calculated as rutin, based on
the dried drug; not less than 0.10% of isorhamnetin, calculated for the
dried drug (39).
Major chemical constituents
Vitamins and related compounds are the major biologically active constituents.
Among these are carotenoids (0.04–0.1%, β- and γ-carotene together
with lycopene, zeaxanthine and others), vitamin C (0.2–1.4%), vitamins
of the B group (0.1–0.16%), tocopherols and tocotrienols. Other
significant constituents are flavonoids (especially kaempferol, isorhamnetin,
rutin and catechin, as well as quercetin tri- and tetra-glycosides). The
fatty oil (in seeds commonly about 10% and up to 15–16%), consists of
triglycerides rich in the two fatty acids, linoleic and α-linolenic acid; other
glycerides include 1,3-decapryloyl-2-linoleyglycerol; other major fatty
acids are oleic, palmitic, stearic and vaccenic acids). The fruits also contain
sterols (up to 0.2% in seeds and 0.04% in soft parts, mainly β-sitosterol),
tannins (hippophaenin A and B), fruit acids (chiefly malic acid), the sugar
alcohols: mannitol, inositol and quebrachitol. Minerals present include
selenium, zinc, calcium, iron, manganese, potassium, sodium, phosphorus,
boron and copper, among others (4, 8, 22, 23, 25, 34, 46–53). The
structures of the characteristic constituents are presented below.
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
H 3
C
lycopene
CH 3
CH 3
betacarotene
H 3
C
H 3
C CH CH 3
CH 3 3
CH 3
CH 3
CH 3
H 3
C CH 3
191