NIS - libdoc.who.int - World Health Organization

Folium Salviae
Microscopic characteristics
Dorsiventral with a two-layered palisade; epidermal cells are polygonal
and thick-walled; upper epidermis with markedly beaded anticlinal walls
and a faintly striated cuticle; lower epidermal cells sinuous; diacytic stomata
on both epidermises, more frequent on the lower one; abundant
covering and glandular trichomes on both epidermises and also on the
petiole; covering trichomes long, narrow, uniseriate, with thick walls,
2–6 celled, with a short basal cell, undulating terminal cells tapering to
sharply acute apexes; the glandular trichomes of two types: typical labiate
type with a unicellular stalk and a radiate eight-celled head containing
reddish-brown secretion, or smaller with a one to four-celled uniseriate
stalk and a unicellular or bicellular head (1, 2, 5, 25, 29–31).
Powdered plant material
Grey to brownish-green. Numerous articulated and bent trichomes with narrow
elongated cells and very thick cell walls at the base as well as fragments of
these trichomes; fragments of the upper epidermis with pitted, somewhat polygonal
cells; fragments of the lower epidermis with sinuous cells and numerous
diacytic stomata; rare single glandular trichomes with a unicellular or bicellular
head and a stalk consisting of 1–4 cells; abundant glandular trichomes
with a unicellular stalk and a head composed of 8 radiating cells with a raised
common cuticle; groups of vascular tissues from the petiole and main veins
showing vessels with annular and reticulate thickening (1, 29).
General identity tests
Macroscopic and microscopic examinations, thin-layer chromatography
in daylight and under ultraviolet light for the presence of characteristic
essential oil constituents, α-thujone, β-thujone and cineole (1, 29) and
other characteristic terpenes (5). Thin-layer chromatographic study of the
flavonoids (32).
Purity tests
Microbiological
Tests for specific microorganisms and microbial contamination limits are
as described in the WHO guidelines on quality control methods for medicinal
plant materials (33).
Chemical
No information available.
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