MS Swaminathan Commission Report on WTO(Malayalam).pdf

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1.5.6.2 temI-hym-]mc kwL-S-\-bpsS kzm[o\w temI-hym-]mc kwL-S-\-bpsS Irjnsb kw_-‘n® Icm-dn-s‚(-F.-H.-F.)-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ tXbn-e-bpw(-Im-∏n-tbm-sSm-∏w)-sIm-≠p-h-c-s∏-´p. 2001 G{]n¬ 1 apX¬ tXbn-e-bpsS Cd-°p-a-Xn-bn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂ Af-hp-]-c-amb \nb-{¥-W-ßƒ(-Iyp.-B¿.-F-kv.)-\o°w sNø-s∏-´p. tXbn-e-bpsS _u≠v Xmcn^v \nc°v 150 iX-am-\-am-Wv. AXns‚ AssπUv \nc-°v, 2002 am¿®v 1 apX¬ 100 iXam\w Db¿Øn. AXn-\p-apºv tXbn-e-bpsS Cd-°p-aXn Xmcn-^v, k¿®m¿÷v Dƒs∏sS 44.13 iX-am\hpw Intembv°v 2.30 cq]-bn¬ IqSp-X-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p. `£y-Ønse ambw tN¿°¬ XS-bp∂ \nbaw (]n.- F^v.-F.)-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ Cd-°p-a-Xnbn¬ c≠p Xpd-ap-J-ß-fn¬ am{X-ambn HXp-°n; sIm¬°-Ø-bn-epw, sIm®n-bn-epw. CXp {ioe--bp-am-bp≈ kzX-{¥-hym-]m-c-°-cm-dn-s‚ (Free Trade Agreement)-A-Sn-ÿm-\- Øn-em-bn-cp∂p. 1.5.6.3 sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw Ah-k-c-ßfpw `qan-bpsS {]Ir-Xym-bp≈ Dev]m-Z-\-£-a-X Ip-dhv kwÿm-\sØ Im¿jn-I-˛-Im-em-h-ÿm-L-S-I-ßƒ˛hn-ti-jn®pw, henb ag-ho-gvNbpw, ag-bpsS Aka-amb hnX-c-W-hpw, \o≠ DW-°p-Im-ehpw sNp-Ømb ae-s©-cn-hp-Ifpw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn tXbn-ebpsS DXv]m-Z-\-£-a-X-bpsS h¿≤-\-hn\v A\p-Iq-e-a-√. Ak-a-amb ag hogvN-bpw, hcƒ®bpw tXbn-es®-Sn-bp-sS(-Ip-‰n-s®-Sn-I-fp-sS)-ta¬ Aan-X-amb kΩ¿±-amWv Gev]n-°p-∂-Xv. ag-ho-gvN-bpw, DW°pw Hcp-t]mse IoS-ß-fpsS B{I-a-W-Øn\v hgn-sbm-cp-°p-Ibpw, IoS-\n-b-{¥-W-apƒs∏-sS-bp≈ Dev]m-Z- \-s®-e-hp-Iƒ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. C{]-Imcw kl-P-amb Im¿jnI Imem-h-ÿm-L-S-I-ßƒ sIm≠p-am{Xw DXv]m-Z-\-£-aXm h¿≤-\-hn-√m-bva-bv°pw-˛-DXv]m-Z-£-a-X-bnse aµ-K-Xn°pw icn-bmb hniZo-I-c-W-am-hp-∂n-√. sNSn-°n-S-bnse hnS-hns‚ A\p-]mXw tIc-f-Ønse tXbnes®Sn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep≈ hnS-hp-Iƒ GXm≠v 20 iX-am-\-Øn\pw 30 iX-am-\- Øn\pw CS-bv°m-Wv. C¥y-bn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ hnS-hp -Im-Wp-∂Xv tIc-f-Ønse tXm´-ß-fn-em-Wv. CXns‚ êw, asÆm-en-∏p- Iq-SmsX Xs∂, \o≠ hcƒ®-bpsS IqSp-X-epw (-sN-Sn-I-fpsS Ipd \n_n-VX)- Xp-S¿∂v {]Xn slIvS¿ hnf°pd-hp-am-Wv. {]mbw- sN∂ Ip‰n-s®-Sn-Iƒ tXbn-e-s®-Sn-Iƒ Ip‰n-bmbn H∂m-bn-tN¿∂v ]nSn-®p-\n¬°p∂ Ahÿ tXm´-ßƒ°v hen-b-t\´w Xs∂-bm-Wv. tXbn-e-s®-Sn-bpsS DXv]m-Z-\-]-c-amb Bbp¿ssZ¿Lyw 5 Zi-I-Øn-\p- ta-emWv. tIc-f- Ønse tXbn-e-s®-Sn-Iƒ Bt]-£n-I-ambn t\m°n-bm¬ \s√m-cp- `m-Khpw 50 h¿j-Øn-\p-ta¬ {]mbap-≈-hbpw Dev]m-Z-\-£-a-Xm- Imew Ign--h-bp-am-Wv. DXv]m-Z-\-£-a-X-bpsS {]mbw- h-®p -t\m-°nbm¬ tIcfw 73 iX-am-\hpw Xan-gv\mSv 42 iX-am-\hpw _wKmƒ 48 iX-am-\hpw A mw 32 iX-am- \hpw IS-∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂p ImWmw. {]mbm-[n-Iy-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ Zb-\o-b-am-bn-´p-≈Xv 68 iX-am\w Irjn-bp≈ CSp°n Pn√-bn-emWv. G‰hpw henb tXm´-ßƒ D≈Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. Chn- SpsØ tXbn-e-s®-Sn-bpsS Dev]m-Z-\-£-aX 79 iX-am\w ]n∂n-ń-cn-°p-∂p. {]mbw -tX-bn-e-bpsS Imcy- Øn¬ hfsc \n¿Æm-b-I-hp-am-Wv. IqSp-X¬ hnf In´p-∂-Xnepw h¿≤n® hf-an-So-epw, a‰p ]cn-c-£- Iƒ°p≈ {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn-epw, imkv{Xob-amb ta¬t\m-´-Ønepw {]mbw Hcp LSIw Xs∂-bm-Wv. tImXn-am-‰¬({]q-Wnw-Kv), Ce-\p-≈¬, k¥p-en-X -h-f-{]-tbm-Kw, hf¿®-Iq-´m-\p≈ {]tbm-K-ßƒ, CSth-f -\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ, (-]p-\-cp-÷o-h-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ tImXn-am-‰¬ t]mep-≈)-F-∂n-h-tbmSv 50 h¿j-Øn-e- [nIw {]mb-amb sNSn-Iƒ Imcy-ambn {]Xn-I-cn-°p-I-bn-√. Zo¿L-Ime ]p\-c-[n-hmk \S-]-Sn-I-fmb ]p\¿\-So¬, ^mIvS-dn-I-fpsS \ho-I-c-Ww, sa®-s∏´ C‘-\(-hn-d-Iv)-Øns‚ hn\n-tbm-Kw, kutcm-¿÷wt]m-ep≈ a‰p t{kmX- p-I-fpsS D]-tbm-Kw, F∂n-h-bn¬ Bh-iy-am-b{X apX¬apS-°ns\ BI¿jn- °p-hm≥, tXbn-e-hy-h-km-b-cwKw kPo-hhpw kº-∂hpw Bbn-cp∂ Ime-Øp-t]mepw Ign-n√ F∂Xv XnI®pw Zu¿`m-Ky-I-c-am-Wv. \_m¿Uns‚(\m-j-W¬ _mv t^m¿ A{Kn-°ƒ®¿ B‚ v dqd¬ Uh-e- ]vsa‚ v) 24 tXbnetØm´ßsf Hcp "kmºnƒ' Bsb-SpØv \S-Ønb Hcp ]T-\-Øn¬\n∂pw hy‡-am- 130
-Xv. 1973 apX-¬ 1983 hsc-bp≈ 10 h¿j-Øn-\p-≈n¬ samØw aqe-[-\-s®-e-hns‚ shdpw 2 iX-am\w am{Xta tXbn-e-bpsS ]p\¿\-So-en\p sNe-h-gn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈q F∂m-Wv. ]Icw tXbne -ssX-s®-Sn-Iƒ h®p-]n-Sn-∏n°pI XpS-ßnb Bh-iy-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ IÆ-S-bv°p-I-tbm, \oń- \o-ń-s°m-≠p-t]mhpItbm sNbvX-Xns‚ BsI ê-amWv Ct∏mƒ {]I-S-am-bn-cn-°p∂ {]Xn-k-‘nsb Xo¿®-bmbpw aq¿—n-∏n-°p- ∂-Xv. Dev]m-Z-\-s®-ehv h¿≤\ Hcp \n›nX hnkvXr-Xn-bp≈ `qan-bn¬ tXbne Irjn sNøp-∂-Xn\p th≠n-h-cp∂ Dev]m-Z-\-s®ehv as‰√m kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ ht®-‰hpw IqSp-X¬ tIc-f-Øn-em-Wv. ImcWw `mKn-I-ambn tXbne hyh-km-b-Øn¬ tIc-f-hp-ambn a’-cn-°p∂ a‰p kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ D≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS Iqen, Xmc-X-tay-\, IqSp-X-em-b-Xpw, `mKn-I-ambn Ipd Af-hn-ep≈ `qan-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Ipd DXv]m-Z-\-hp-amWv DXv]m-Z-\-s®-ehv IqSm≥ Imc-Ww. aqey-h¿≤-\bpw ]m°nwKpw tXbn-e-bpsS {]mY-anI kwkvI-c-W-hpw, hn]Wn Is≠-Ø-epw(-hn-‰-gn-°-epw)- DXv]m-Z-I\v Db¿∂hne e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn¬ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb ]v hln-°p-∂p. "So BIvSnse' hyh-ÿ-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v ]c- º-cmK-X-ambpw \nb-a-]-c-ambpw tXm´-ß-fn-ep-Xv]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ tXbne GXm\pw \n›nX tI{µ-ßfn¬ h®v Imem-Imew teew sNbvXmWv. hnev°p-∂Xv sIm®n, tImb-º-Øq¿, IÆq¿ F∂n-h-bmWv tee tI{µ-ßƒ. sXt° C¥y-bn¬ Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ tXbne apgp-h≥ Cu tI{µ-ß-fn-eqsS samØambn hn‰p-t]m-Ip-∂p. tXbne I¿j-Icpw, (tXm-´ -D-S-a-ÿ-cpw) hyh-km-bn-Ifpw c≠q-Iq-ćpw ]s-Sp- °p∂ {]Xy-£-Øn¬ kpXm-cy-amb Hcp hn]-W\ hyh-kvY-bm-Wn-Xv. c≠p hn[-Øn-emWv tXbne D]- t`m-‡m-°-fn-se-Øp-∂Xv. eqkv So Bbpw ]mt°Pv So (40%) Bbpw. _m°n-ap-gp-h≥ hf-sc- Xm-W-h-cpam-\-ap≈ hen-sbmcp P\-hn-`mKw D]-t`m-‡m-°fpw at‰-`mKw a≤y-h¿Øn hcp-am-\-°mcpw [\n-I-cpamWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. IqSp-X¬ hn]Wn e`n-°p-∂Xv eqkv Sobv°mWv (60 iX-am-\-w). F∂m¬ hne \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]mt°Pv SobmWv \n¿Æm-b-Iw. Imc-Ww, eqkv SobpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Ipd®p i‡- cm-b-h-cpsS(m<strong>on</strong>ops<strong>on</strong>ic)-\n-b-{¥Ww BWp ImWp-∂-Xv. Hc¿∞-Øn¬ c≠p òa≥ Iº-\n-I-fm-Wp- ≈-Xv. ]e-t∏mgpw tXbne hn]-W\w sNøp∂ CØcw Iº-\n-Iƒ°v DXv]m-Z-\Øn\v h¿≤n® Xmev]- cy-am-Wp-≈-Xv. ImcWw Ch¿°v kz¥-ambn tXbnetØm´-ßƒ D≠v. tXbne hyh-km-b-cw-KØv ]Ip- Xn-bn¬ IqSp-X¬(55 iX-am-\w)-hn-]-Wnbpw ]m°vUv aqey-h¿≤nX tXbn-e-bpsS hn]-Wnbpw \nb-{¥n- °p∂Xv Cu òa-∑m-cm-Wv. D]-t`mIv-Xr -hn-ebpw DXv]m-Z-I\v e`n-°p∂ hnebpw XΩn-ep≈ A¥cw c≠p-hn]WnIƒ°n-S-bn¬ hfsc KWy-amWv 1 eqkvSo bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ D]-t`m-‡mhv 70% hne- sIm- Sp-°p∂p Fn¬ ]mt°PvUv aqey-h¿≤n-X -tX-bn-ebv°v 120%˛\pw 300% \pw CS-bv°p≈ hne-bmWv In´p-∂Xv. CXv tXbne Dev]m-Z-I\v e`n-°p∂ hne-tb-°mƒ IqSp-X-em-Wv. t\cn-´p≈ hn]Wn ASp-Ø-Im-esØ Hcp A\p-`hw Cu cwKØv hf-sc-Gsd shfn®w hnX-dp∂ H∂m-Wv. 2001 ep≠mb Hcp tImS-Xn-hn[n (Hcp C©-£≥) sbØp-S¿∂v h∂ A¥-cm-f-L´w hn\n-tbm-Kn®psIm≠p Ipd®v DXv]m-Z-I¿ t\cn´p hn]W\w \S-Øp∂ coXn Ah-ew-_n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu k{º-Zmbw Nne hº≥ tXm´-ap-S-a-Iƒ kz¥w {_m≠v \ma-ß-fn¬ 1960 hsc A\p-h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. DZm: IÆ≥ tZh≥ ln¬ s{]mUyqkv Iº\n enan-‰Uv Xs∂. Ch-cmWv D]-t`m-‡m-°ƒ \¬Ip∂ hne-bpsS hen-sbmcp ]v Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xv. CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv t\cn-´p≈ hn¬∏\ hcp-am\ h¿≤-\-hns\ hfsc klmbn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. eqkvSo-bpsS hn]Wn hcp-am\w h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥ km≤y-X-bp≈ Hcp cwK-amWv. c≠m-a-Xmbn tXbne \nb-{¥-W -D-Ø-chv 1984 A\p-k-cn®v tXbn-e-bpsS hnev]\ tee -tI-{µ-ß-fneqsS am{Xta BImhq F∂-Xns‚ Hcp \ncm-I-cWw IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p Cu t\cn-´p≈ hn]Wn .tee-hn- ]Wn tee-Øn¬ ]s-Sp-°p∂ GXm\pw t]¿°p-am-{X-amWv KpW-I-c-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv. tXbn-e-\n-b-{¥W DØ-c-hv 1984 {]Im-c-ap≈ Cu tee-am¿°-‰n¬ hen-sbmcp kwJy hym]m-cn-Iƒ ]s-Sp-°mØ H∂mWv. 131
Page 1 and 2:
C M Y K
Page 3 and 4:
W.T.O bpw tIc-f-Øns‚ Im¿jn-I-{]
Page 5 and 6:
D≈-S°w \º¿ io¿jIw t]Pv\-º¿
Page 7 and 8:
apJhpc tIc-f-Øns‚ 80 iX-am-\-Øn
Page 9 and 10:
Ct∏mƒ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂
Page 11 and 12:
Bbn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS D]-Po-h\w XnI
Page 13 and 14:
Ch-sb√mw Xs∂ tIc-f-Øns‚ Im¿
Page 15 and 16:
Ign 8 h¿j-°m-esØ A\p-`-h-ßƒ Im
Page 17 and 18:
-hpw, ]e-hn[ k_vkn-Un-Ifpw \¬In ]c
Page 19 and 20:
kw_-‘n®v Hcp s]cp-am-‰-®-´-
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IΩn-j≥ \n¿t±-in-®n-´p≈ Iev
Page 23 and 24:
c≠mw-`m-K-Øn¬ IΩn-j≥ \nb-an
Page 25 and 26:
ùXnI t{kmX- p-I-fpsS kwc-£-Whpw,
Page 27 and 28:
amb ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-h
Page 29 and 30:
tI{µ-ßƒ, Im¿jn-tIm-ev]∂ Ib-
Page 31 and 32:
Xm-Wv. `qanbpw, A\p-_-‘-ku-I-cy-
Page 33 and 34:
Un‰n t_m¿Up-Iƒ, Irjn, hmWn-Pyw,
Page 35 and 36:
DXv]m-Z-I\p \evIp∂ klmbw iX-am-\-
Page 37 and 38:
1.1.0 ]›m-Ø-ehpw IΩn-js‚ {]h
Page 39 and 40:
p-Iq-Sm. F∂m¬ Ib-‰n- -bnd-°p-
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\n¿t±-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-hm-\p-ambn tUm
Page 43 and 44:
arK-kw-c-£-Ww, kap-t{ZmXv∏∂ hI
Page 45 and 46:
1.1.4.5 \memw kn‰nw-Kv(2002 sk]vX
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1.2 amc-t°jv apX¬ tZml-hsc; Uªyq
Page 49 and 50:
-hym-]m-c -kw-L-S-\ (Uªyq.-Sn.-H.)
Page 51 and 52:
klm-bsØ "{Ko≥ t_mIvk'v (-A-ń-a
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C¥y-bpsS t]‰‚ v \nbaw 1970 Dw
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{]Xn-hn-[n-Xs∂ BIpw Cu \nb-a-\n¿
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1.2.3.3. DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS h¿§o-I-
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1.2.3.6 ]pXnb Ah-k-c-ß-fpw, km[y-X
Page 61 and 62:
kn) Un) KpW-\n-e-hmcw Db¿ØpI: B`y
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aq∂m-a-Xmbn: BtKm-f-hym-]m-c-cw-K
Page 65 and 66:
D]-Po-h-\-kp-c-£-bv°m-bp≈ Bibw
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1.4.0.2 C¥ym-K-h-s◊‚ns‚ Ib-
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hne-\n-e-hmcw t\cn-Sp-hm-\pw, `mKn-
Page 71 and 72:
_lp. apJy-a-{¥nbpw, D]m-≤y-£-\m
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hm-\mbn tIc-f-k¿°m¿ tI{µ-k¿°m
Page 75 and 76:
sS-Im-cy-Øn¬ am’-cy-£-aX h¿
Page 77 and 78:
°m-dp-≈Xv hnf-hns\ kw_-‘n® AS
Page 79 and 80:
2. temI-hym-]mc kwL-S-\ (U-ªyq.-Sn
Page 81 and 82:
DZm. apJy-[m-\y-hn-f-Itfm \mWy-hn-f
Page 83 and 84:
n-°p-I-bpw, Db¿∂ KpW-\n-e-hm-c-
Page 85 and 86: 1.4.9 am¿°‰nwKv 1.4.9.1 kssπ a
Page 87 and 88: F√m-h-cp-tSbpw Xmev]-cy-ßƒ kwc-
Page 89 and 90: £-aX \ne-\n-dp-Øm≥ Iqen-s®ehpw
Page 91 and 92: Cu k¿∆-I-em-im-ebv°v C∂v tIc-
Page 93 and 94: W-ßƒ A\p-k-cn-®v, ssPh sshhn-[y-
Page 95 and 96: Bbn a’-cn-t°-≠n-h-∂n-cn-°p-
Page 97 and 98: 1.4.17. Huj[ kky-Nn-In-’bpw Bbp¿
Page 99 and 100: Irjn-{]-ÿm\w i‡-am-°p-∂-Xn\v
Page 101 and 102: n-ep-≠mb IpØ-s\-bp≈ XmgvN-bn¬
Page 103 and 104: {]tbm-P\w B`y-¥c kky FÆ-Iƒ°mbn-
Page 105 and 106: Ønse sXßn≥ tXm´-ß-fpsS D¬]m-
Page 107 and 108: Ib-‰p-a-Xnsb hf-sc-tbsd B{i-bn-®
Page 109 and 110: hne-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ {]h-N-\m-Xo-X-
Page 111 and 112: 9. ssPhIpcp-ap-f-Ins‚ DXv]m-Z-\-
Page 113 and 114: 1.5.3.3 {]mtZ-inI hnI-k-\-Øn\v X{
Page 115 and 116: 3. Ct∏mƒ d∫-dn\v G¿s∏-Sp-Ø
Page 117 and 118: 1.5.4.3 ItΩm-Un‰n t_m¿Up-I-fpsS
Page 119 and 120: kzm`m-hnI d∫-dns‚ A¥m-cm-jv{S-
Page 121 and 122: sW-∂m-Wv. AXn-\m¬ d∫-dns‚ hn
Page 123 and 124: CS-s]-S¬ \S-]-Sn-Ifpw CXn-\p -k-lm
Page 125 and 126: Htc-th-K-Øn¬ t]msb-nepw \ma-am-{X
Page 127 and 128: 9 temI-hym-]m-c-kw-L-S\ e`y-am-°p
Page 129 and 130: am’-cy-£-a-X-ti-jnbpw i‡n-bpw
Page 131 and 132: 22. tdmUv \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v d∫-dns
Page 133 and 134: k¿°m-cns‚ Hmlcn aqe-[-\-Øn¬ h
Page 135: 1.5.6.1 hne-Ø-I¿® tXbnetØm´ hy
Page 139 and 140: Iq-e-am-bbn _m[n-°p∂p F∂p ]d-b
Page 141 and 142: PnwKvIm¿°pw sª‚nw-Kp-Im¿°pw
Page 143 and 144: Im∏n 1.5.7.0 Im∏nbpw kwÿm-\-Ø
Page 145 and 146: Im∏n-Ir-jn-°mcpw sNdp-In-S-°m-c
Page 147 and 148: A\p-tbm-Pyw. Bt]-£n-I-ambn XWp-∏
Page 149 and 150: \-k¿°m¿ Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw thWw.
Page 151 and 152: KpW-km-≤y-X-Isf \ne-\n-dp-Øp-hm
Page 153 and 154: Ib-‰p-aXn Imcy-ßƒ Icm-dnse hyh-
Page 155 and 156: k-c-h¿§-Øn¬s∏´ I∂p- -Ipń
Page 157 and 158: X¬ Ib-‰p-aXn sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv
Page 159 and 160: \S-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xn-t\mSv kam-\-am
Page 161 and 162: am-bn-cn-°p∂ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ Cu k
Page 163 and 164: Wn-bm-Wv. AXn¬ \n∂pw kwc-£Ww Bh
Page 165 and 166: v 1. sNb¿am≥, SmkvIv t^mgvkv Hm
Page 167 and 168: 6. IΩn-js‚ ]T-\- ko-a-bn¬ hcp
Page 169 and 170: th≠Xpw, hnI-kz-c- cm-PysØ I¿j-I
Page 171 and 172: • AS-¬k-lmb \S-]Sn Hcp kpÿn-c-a
Page 173 and 174: t°≠XmWv. \mw apt∂m´p hbv°p-
Page 175 and 176: 2. tIc-f-Ønse Im¿jnI {]Xn-k-‘nb
Page 177 and 178: IqSn sSIvt\m-f-Pn-an-j-\n¬ Dƒs∏
Page 179 and 180: - A¥¿tZ-io-b-hp-amb D]-t`m-K-Øn\
Page 181 and 182: hp∂hcpƒs∏sS _u≤nI kzØ-h-Im-
Page 183 and 184: 2. Xmcn^pw Xmcn-t^-Xc XS- -ßfpw Xm
Page 185 and 186: A\p-_‘w 8 ]pXnb _u≠v Xmcn^v \nc
Page 187 and 188:
A\p-_‘w 9 Im¿jnI DXv]-∂-ß-fps
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1 2 3 4 5 6 0901.11 Unt°-^n-t\-‰
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1 2 3 4 5 6 1516.20 ]®-°-dn, sImg
Page 193:
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