Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals (Sixth Edition) - UMK ...

References
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TABLE 10-9 Effects of Inflammation on Coagulation and Vice Versa
Inflammation—Coagulation
Increased fibrinogen—substrate for fibrin formation
Tissue factor expression on monocytes—procoagulant
surface
Increased C reactive protein—promotes PAI-1 and TF
formation
Complement activation—increased procoagulant surface
Interleukin-6—increased platelet production with increased
reactivity
Histamine, TNF- α , IL-8, IL-6—release of high-molecularweight
vWF multimers
Various inflammatory mediators—consume/inactivate
antithrombin and heparin-like molecules
Endotoxin, IL-1 β , TNF- α , elastase—down-regulation of
thrombomodulin and EPCR
Coagulation—Inflammation
Platelet granule release—CD40 ligand, which
increases IL-6 and IL-8
Tissue factor—activates PARs, which facilitates
leukocyte adhesion and activation
Fibrin formation—increased TNF- α , IL- β , binding of
neutrophils
Antithrombin—decreased expression of CD11b/CD18
on leukocytes
Antithrombin—inhibits chemokine-induced
neutrophil migration
TAFI—inhibits bradykinin and C5a
Thrombomodulin—inhibits leukocyte migration
Activated protein C—inhibits NF- κ B in monocytes,
decreased TF expression
Abbreviations: EPCR, endothelial cell protein C receptor; PAR, protease activated receptor; TAFI, thrombin activatable fi brinolytic inhibitor; TF, tissue factor.
the fact that inhibition of TF–FVIIa reduces inflammation
in animal models of endotoxemia and in patients with sepsis
( Monroe and Key, 2007 )
As can be observed by looking at the mechanisms listed
in Table 10-9 , if the natural anticoagulant mechanisms do not
occur, promotion of inflammation takes place. Therefore, in
addition to traditional anti-inflammatory therapy, treatment
with anticoagulants may also reduce inflammation. Of antithrombin,
TFPI, and APC, only the latter actually reduced
28-day mortality in septic patients ( Bernard et al ., 2001 ).
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