78 Chapter | 3 Carbohydrate Metabolism and Its Diseases has been suggested as another name for bovine ketosis. This hypoglycemia has played an important role in ketosis, as a rationale for therapy and as a basis for the concept <strong>of</strong> ketosis and pregnancy toxemia as manifestations <strong>of</strong> a carbohydrate deficiency, which occurs under conditions <strong>of</strong> excessive and insurmountable demands. The ketone bodies are the same as those previously mentioned (Section V.3): AcAc, 3-OH-B, and acetone. A fourth compound, isopropanol, is included for the ruminant, and interconversions can occur between these ketone bodies. The fundamental mechanism and pathogenesis <strong>of</strong> ketosis are covered in the lipids and ketones chapter. REFERENCES Arai , T. , Washizu , T. , Hamada , S. , Sako , T. , Takagi , S. , Yashiki , K. , and Motoyoshi , S. ( 1994 ). 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A glucose dehydrogenase for the determination <strong>of</strong> glucose concentration in body fluids . Z. Klin. Chem. Klin. Biochem. 13 , 101 – 107 . Barrett , E. J. , Bevilacqua , S. , DeFronzo , R. A. , and Ferannini , E. ( 1994 ). Glycogen turnover during refeeding in the postabsorptive dog: implications for the estimation <strong>of</strong> glycogen formation using tracer methods . Metabolism. 43 , 285 – 292 . Bolli , G. B. , Gottesman , I. S. , Campbell , P. J. , Haymond , M. , Cryer , P. E. , and Gerich , J. E. (1984 ). Glucose counterregulation and waning <strong>of</strong> insulin in the Somogyi phenomenon . N. Engl. J. Med. 311 , 1214 –1219 . Buchanan , K. D. (1975 ). “Diabetes: Its Physiological and Biochemical Bases. ” MTP Press , Lancaster, UK . Bunn , H. F. , Gabbay , K. H. , and Gallop , P. M. ( 1978 ). The glycosylation <strong>of</strong> hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus . Science 200 , 21 – 27 . Cherrington , A. D. , and Exton , J. H. ( 1976 ). Studies on the role <strong>of</strong> cAMPdependent protein kinase in the actions <strong>of</strong> glucagon and catecholamine on liver glycogen metabolism . Metabolism 25 , 1351 – 1354 . Clark , D. G. , Topping , D. L. , Illman , R. J. , Trimble , R. P. , and Malthus , R. S. ( 1980 ). A glycogen storage disease (gsd/gsd) rat: studies on lipid metabolism, lipogenesis, plasma metabolites and bile acid secretion . Metabolism 29 , 415 – 420 . Cotton , R. B. , Cornelius , L. M. , and Theran , P. ( 1971 ). Diabetes mellitus in the dog: a clinicopathologic study . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 159 , 863 – 870 . Davison , L. J. , Herrtage , M.E. , and Catchpole , B. (2005 ). Study <strong>of</strong> 253 dogs in the United Kingdom with diabetes mellitus . Vet. Rec. 156 , 467 –471 . deHerder , W. W. ( 2004 ). Insulinoma . Neuroendocrinology 80 ( suppl 1 ) , 20 – 22 . Dobbs , R. , Sakurai , H. , Sakai , H. , Faloona , G. , Valverde , I. , Baetens , D. , Orci , L. , and Unger , R. (1975 ). Glucagon: role in the hyperglycemia <strong>of</strong> diabetes mellitus . Science 187 , 544 – 547 . Duckworth , W. C. , and Kitabchi , A. E. ( 1981 ). Insulin metabolites and degradations . Endocrine Rev. 2 , 210 – 233 . Eisenbarth , G. S. ( 1986 ). Type I diabetes mellitus: a chronic autoimmune disease . N. Engl. J. Med. 314 , 1360 – 1368 . Engerman , R. L. , and Kramer , J. W. ( 1982 ). Dogs with induced or spontaneous diabetes mellitus as models for the study <strong>of</strong> human diabetes mellitus . Diabetes 31 , 26 – 29 . Felig , P. , Wahren , J. , Sherwin , R. , and Hendler , R. ( 1976 ). Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin: normal physiology and diabetes mellitus . Diabetes 25 , 1091 – 1099 . Foster , D. W. , and McGarry , J. D. ( 1982 ). The regulation <strong>of</strong> ketogenesis . Ciba Found. Symp. 87 , 120 – 131 . Garber , A. J. , Menzel , P. H. , Boden , G. , and Owen , O. E. (1974 ). Hepatic ketogenesis and gluconeogenesis in humans . J. Clin. Invest. 54 , 981 –989 . Gershwin , L. J. ( 1975 ). Familial canine diabetes mellitus . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 167 , 479 – 480 . Giger , U. , Harvey , J. W. , Yamaguchi , R. A. , McNulty , P. K. , Chiapella , A. , and Beutler , E. ( 1985 ). Inherited phosph<strong>of</strong>ructokinase deficiency in dogs with hyperventilation induced hemolysis, increased in vitro and in vivo alkaline fragility <strong>of</strong> erythrocytes . Blood 65 , 345 – 351 . Gluecksohn-Waelsch , S. ( 1979 ). Genetic control <strong>of</strong> morphogenetic and biochemical differentiation: lethal albino deletion in the mouse . Cell 16 , 225 – 239 . Gross , S. R. ( 1975 ). Animal models <strong>of</strong> glycogen storage conditions: their relation to human disease . West. J. Med. 123 , 194 – 200 . Hill , F. W. G. , Pearson , H. , Kelly , D. F. , and Weaver , B. M. Q. ( 1974 ). Functional islet cell tumor in the dog . J. Small Anim. Pract. 15 , 119 – 127 . Hooghuis , H. , Rodriguez , M. , and Castao , M. ( 1994 ). Ion exchange chromatography and thiobarbiturate acid colorimetry for the measurement <strong>of</strong> canine glycated hemoglobins . Vet. Clin. Pathol. 23 , 110 – 116 . Jensen , A. L. , and Aaes , H. ( 1992 ). Reference interval and critical difference for canine fructosamine concentrations . Vet. Res. Commun. 16 , 317 – 325 . Johnson , R. K. , and Atkins , C. E. (1977 ). Hypoglycemia in the dog . In “Current Veterinary Therapy ” (R. W. Kirk , Ed.) , Vol. 6 , pp. 1010 – 1016 . Saunders , Philadelphia . Kaneko , J. J. , and Howard , C. F. , Jr (1989 ). Carbohydrate metabolism . In “ <strong>Clinical</strong> Chemistry <strong>of</strong> Laboratory <strong>Animals</strong> ” ( W. F. Loeb and F. W. Quinby , Eds.) , pp. 73 –94 . Pergamon Press , New York . Kaneko , J. J. , Kawamoto , M. , Heusner , A. A. , Feldman , E. C. , and Koizumi , I. ( 1992 ). Evaluation <strong>of</strong> serum fructosamine concentration as an index <strong>of</strong> blood glucose control in cats with diabetes mellitus . Am. J. Vet. Res. 53 , 1797 – 1801 . Kaneko , J. J. , Mattheeuws , D. , Rottiers , R. P. , and Vermeulen , A. ( 1977 ). Glucose tolerance and insulin response in diabetes mellitus in dogs . J. Small Anim. Pract. 18 , 85 – 94 . Kaneko , J. J. , Mattheeuws , D. , Rottiers , R. P. , Van Der Stock , J. , and Vermeulen , A. (1978a ). The effect <strong>of</strong> urinary glucose excretion on the plasma clearances and insulin responses to intravenous glucose loads in unanesthetized dogs . Acta Endocrinol. 87 , 113 – 138 . Kaneko , J. J. , Mattheeuws , D. , Rottiers , R. P. , and Vermeulen , A. ( 1978 b ). Renal function, insulin secretion, and glucose tolerance in mild streptozotocin diabetes in the dog . Am. J. Vet. Res. 39 , 807 – 809 . Kaneko , J. J. , Mattheeuws , D. , Rottiers , R. P. , and Vermeulen , A. ( 1979 ). Renal clearance, insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in spontaneous diabetes mellitus in dogs . Cornell Vet. 69 , 375 – 383 .
References 79 Kaneko , J. J. , Luick , J. R. , and Rhode , E. A. ( 1966 ). The metabolism <strong>of</strong> 14 C-labeled glucose in the diabetic cow . Cornell Vet. 56 , 401 – 408 . Kaneko , J. J. , and Rhode , E. A. ( 1964 ). Diabetes mellitus in a cow . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assn. 144 , 367 – 373 . Kaneta , M. , Liechty , E. A. , Moorehead , H. C. , and Lemmon , J. A. ( 1991 ). Ovine fetal and maternal glycogen during fasting . Biol. Neonate 60 , 215 – 220 . Kawamoto , M. , Kaneko , J. J. , Heusner , A. A. , Feldman , E. C. , and Koizumi , I. ( 1992 ). Relation <strong>of</strong> fructosamine to serum protein, albumin and glucose concentration in healthy and diabetic dogs . Am. J. Vet. Res. 53 , 851 – 855 . Khoo , J. C. , Steinberg , D. , Thompson , D. , and Mayer , S. E. ( 1973 ). Hormonal regulation <strong>of</strong> adipocyte enzymes: the effects <strong>of</strong> epinephrine and insulin on the control <strong>of</strong> lipase, phosphorylase kinase, phosphorylase and glycogen synthase . J. Biol. Chem. 248 , 3823 – 3830 . Kirk , C. C. , Feldman , E. C. , and Nelson , R. W. ( 1993 ). Diagnosis <strong>of</strong> naturally acquired type I and type II diabetes mellitus in cats . Am. J. Vet. Res. 54 , 463 – 467 . Kleiber , M. (1959 ). Milk formation in intact cows with radiocarbon as a metabolic tracer . In “Proc. 2d Interam. Symp. on Peaceful Applications <strong>of</strong> Nuclear Energy ,” pp. 161 –171 . Pan American Union , Washington, DC . Kramer , J. W. , Nottingham , S. , Robinette , J. , Leaz , G. , Sylvester , S. , and Dessouky , M. ( 1980 ). Inherited early onset, insulin requiring diabetes mellitus in Keeshond dogs . Diabetes 29 , 558 – 563 . Kramer , J. W. , Klaassen , J. K. , Baskin , B. G. , Prieur , B. G. , Rantenen , N. W. , and Robinette , J. J. ( 1988 ). Inheritance <strong>of</strong> diabetes mellitus in Keeshond dogs . Am. J. Vet. Res. 49 , 428 – 431 . Kreisberg , R. A. ( 1978 ). Diabetic ketoacidosis: new concepts and trends in pathogenesis and treatment . Ann. Intern. Med. 88 , 681 – 695 . Kronfeld , D. S. , Simesen , M. G. , and Dungworth , D. L. ( 1960 ). Liver glycogen in normal and ketotic cows . Res. Vet. Sci. 1 , 242 – 247 . Kruth , S. A. , Feldman , E. C. , and Kennedy , P. C. ( 1982 ). Insulin secreting islet cell tumor: establishing a diagnosis and the clinical cause . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 181 , 54 – 58 . Linfoot , P. , Bergstrom , C. , and Ipp , E. (2005 ). Pathophysiology <strong>of</strong> ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus . Diabet. Med. 22 , 1414 – 1419 . McMillan , F. D. , and Feldman , E. C. ( 1986 ). Rebound hyperglycemia following overdosing <strong>of</strong> insulin in cats with diabetes mellitus . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 188 , 1426 – 1431 . Mahaffey , E. A. , and Cornelius , L. M. (1982 ). Glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic and non-diabetic dogs . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 180 , 635 –637 . Markussen , J. ( 1971 ). Mouse insulins separation and structures . Int. J. Protein Res. 3 , 149 – 155 . Mattheeuws , D. , Rottiers , R. , Derijcke , J. , DeRick , A. , and DeSchepper , J. ( 1976 ). Hyperinsulinism in the dog due to pancreatic islet-cell tumour: a report <strong>of</strong> 3 cases . J. Small Anim. Pract. 7 , 313 – 318 . Mattheeuws , D. , Rottiers , R. , Kaneko , J. J. , and Vermeulen , A. ( 1984 ). Diabetes mellitus in dogs: relationship <strong>of</strong> obesity to glucose tolerance and insulin response . Am. J. Vet. Res. 45 , 98 – 105 . Morrill , C. C. ( 1952 ). Studies on baby pig mortality, VIII: chemical observations on the newborn pig, with special reference to hypoglycemia . Am. J. Vet. Res. 13 , 164 – 170 . Murakami , H. , Takagi , A. , Nonaka , S. , Ishiura , S. , Sugita , H. , and Mizutani , M. ( 1980 ). Glycogenosis II in Japanese quail . Exp. Anim. 29 , 475 – 478 . Naithani , G. , Steffans , G. , Tager , H. S. , Buse , G. , Rubenstein , A. F. , and Steiner , D. F. ( 1984 ). Isolation and amino acid sequence determination <strong>of</strong> monkey insulin and proinsulin . Hoppe-Seyler’s Z. Physiol. Chem. 365 , 571 – 575 . Nathan , D. M. , Singer , D. E. , Hurxthal , K. , and Goodson , J. D. ( 1984 ). The clinical informative value <strong>of</strong> the glycosylated hemoglobin assay . N. Engl. J. Med. 310 , 341 – 346 . Nelson , R. W. , Feldman , E. C. , and Ford , S. L. ( 1993 ). Effect <strong>of</strong> an orally administered sulfonylurea, glipizide, for treatment <strong>of</strong> diabetes mellitus in cats . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assn. 203 , 821 – 827 . Nelson , R. W. , Himsel , C. A. , and Feldman , E. C. ( 1990 ). Glucose tolerance and insulin response in normal weight and obese cats . Am J. Vet Res. 51 , 1357 – 1362 . O’Brien , T. D. , Hayden , D. W. , Johnson , K. W. , and Stevens , J. B. ( 1985 ). High dose intravenous glucose tolerance test and serum insulin and glucagon levels in diabetic and non-diabetic cats: relationship to insular amyloidosis . Vet. Pathol. 22 , 250 – 261 . O’Sullivan , B. M. , Healy , P. J. , Fraser , I. R. , Nieper , R. E. , Whittle , R. J. , and Sewell , C. A. ( 1981 ). Generalized glycogenosis in Brahman cattle . Aust. Vet. J. 57 , 227 – 229 . Piroli , G. G. , Grillo , C. A. , Charron , M. J. , McEwen , B. S. , and Reagan , L. P. (2004 ). Biphasic effects <strong>of</strong> stress upon GLUT 8 glucose transporter expression and trafficking in the diabetic rat hippocampus . Brain Res. 1006 , 28 – 35 . Priester , W. A. ( 1974 ). Pancreatic islet cell tumors in domestic animals: data from 11 colleges <strong>of</strong> veterinary medicine in the United States and Canada . J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 53 , 227 – 229 . Rafaguzzaman , M. , Svenkerud , R. , Strande , A. , and Hauge , J. G. ( 1976 ). Glycogenosis in the dog . Acta Vet. Scand. 17 , 196 – 209 . Raptis , S. , and Dimitriadis , G. ( 1985 ). Human insulin . Clin. Physiol. Biochem. 3 , 29 – 42 . Reaven , G. M. ( 2005 ). The metabolic syndrome: requiescat in pace . Clin. Chem. 51 , 931 – 938 . Reaven , G. M. ( 2006 ). The metabolic syndrome: is this diagnosis necessary Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 83 , 1248 – 1251 . Renold , A. E. , and Cahill , G. F. , Jr. (1966 ). Diabetes mellitus . In “ The Metabolic Basis <strong>of</strong> Inherited Disease ” (J. B. Stanbury , J. B. Wyngaarden , and D. S. Fredrickson , Eds.) , pp. 69 –108 . McGraw-Hill , New York . Rogers , W. A. , Donovan , E. F. , and Kociba , G. J. ( 1975 ). Lipids and lipoproteins in normal dogs and in dogs with secondary hyperlipoproteinemia . J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 166 , 1092 – 1100 . Ross , S. A. , Brown , J. C. , and Dupre , J. (1977 ). Hypersecretion <strong>of</strong> gastric inhibitory polypeptide following oral glucose in diabetes mellitus . Diabetes 26 , 525 – 529 . Sherwin , R. S. , Fisher , M. , Hendler , R. , and Felig , P. ( 1976 ). Hyperglucagonemia and blood glucose regulation in normal, obese, and diabetic subjects . N. Engl. J. Med. 294 , 455 – 461 . Shin , Y. S. ( 2006 ). Glycogen storage disease: clinical, biochemical, and molecular heterogeneity . Sem. in Pediat. Neurol. 13 , 115 – 120 . Steiner , D. F. ( 1977 ). The Banting memorial lecture. Insulin today . Diabetes 26 , 332 – 340 . Steiner , D. F. ( 2004 ). The proinsulin C-peptide—a multirole model . Exp. Diabesity Res. 5 , 7 – 14 . Steinke , J. , and Taylor , K. W. (1974 ). Viruses and the etiology <strong>of</strong> diabetes. Diabetes 23, 631– 633. Swiatek , K. R. , Kipnis , D. M. , Mason , G. , Chao , K. , and Cornblath , M. (1968 ). Starvation hypoglycemia in newborn pigs . Am. J. Physiol. 214 , 400 – 405 . Taniyama , H. , Ushiki , T. , Tajima , M. , Kurosawa , T. , Kitamura , N. , Takahashi , K. , Matsukawa , K. , and Itokura , C. ( 1995 ). Spontaneous diabetes mellitus associated with persistent viral diarrhea (RVD) virus infection in young cattle . Vet. Pathol. 32 , 221 – 229 . Thorens , B. , Sakhar , H. K. , Kaback , H. R. , and Lodish , H. F. ( 1988 ). Cloning and functional expression in bacteria <strong>of</strong> a novel glucose
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viii Contributors Björn P. Meij (5
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356 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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358 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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360 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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362 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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364 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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366 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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368 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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370 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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372 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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374 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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376 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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378 Chapter | 12 Diagnostic Enzymol
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380 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function L
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382 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function e
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384 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function p
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386 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function m
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388 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function s
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390 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function f
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392 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function T
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394 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function 2
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396 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function u
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398 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function 2
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400 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function c
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402 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function F
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404 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function A
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406 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function E
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408 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function K
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410 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function R
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412 Chapter | 13 Hepatic Function W
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414 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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416 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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418 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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420 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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422 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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424 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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426 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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428 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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430 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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432 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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434 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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436 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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438 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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440 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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442 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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444 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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446 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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448 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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450 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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452 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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454 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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456 Chapter | 14 Gastrointestinal F
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Chapter 15 Skeletal Muscle Function
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II. Specialization of the Sarcolemm
- Page 461 and 462:
II. Specialization of the Sarcolemm
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III. Heterogeneity of Skeletal Musc
- Page 465 and 466:
III. Heterogeneity of Skeletal Musc
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V. Exercise and Adaptations to Trai
- Page 469 and 470:
VI. Diagnostic Laboratory Methods f
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VI. Diagnostic Laboratory Methods f
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IX. Selected Neuromuscular Disorder
- Page 475 and 476:
IX. Selected Neuromuscular Disorder
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References 479 and, recently, there
- Page 479 and 480:
References 481 Engel , A. G. ( 2004
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References 483 Paciello , O. , Maio
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Chapter 16 Kidney Function and Dama
- Page 485 and 486:
II. Kidney Morphology and Function
- Page 487 and 488:
II. Kidney Morphology and Function
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III. Tests of Kidney Function 491 (
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III. Tests of Kidney Function 493 T
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III. Tests of Kidney Function 495 B
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6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Dog Cat Equine Cattle
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III. Tests of Kidney Function 499 d
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IV. Tests of Kidney Damage 501 1000
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IV. Tests of Kidney Damage 503 and
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IV. Tests of Kidney Damage 505 Enzy
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V. Biochemical Changes in Kidney Di
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V. Biochemical Changes in Kidney Di
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References 511 were reported to occ
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References 513 Bovee , K. C. ( 1969
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References 515 Deguchi , E. , and A
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References 517 Fleming , S. A. , Hu
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References 519 Harvey , D. G. ( 197
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References 521 Kühl , S. , Mischke
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References 523 creatinine measureme
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References 525 Reusch , C. , Vochez
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References 527 Terry , R. , Hawkins
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Chapter 17 Fluid, Electrolyte, and
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532 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
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536 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
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538 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
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540 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
- Page 540 and 541:
542 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
- Page 542 and 543:
544 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
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546 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
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548 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
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550 Chapter | 17 Fluid, Electrolyte
- Page 551 and 552:
VIII. Clinicopathological Indicator
- Page 553 and 554:
References 555 plasma water, electr
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References 557 Krzywanek , H. ( 197
- Page 557 and 558:
References 559 Strombeck , D. R. (1
- Page 559 and 560:
562 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
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564 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
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566 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 565 and 566:
568 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 567 and 568:
570 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 569 and 570:
572 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 571 and 572:
574 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 573 and 574:
576 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 575 and 576:
578 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 577 and 578:
580 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 579 and 580:
582 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 581 and 582:
584 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
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586 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 585 and 586:
588 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 587 and 588:
590 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
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592 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
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594 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 593 and 594:
596 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 595 and 596:
598 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 597 and 598:
600 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 599 and 600:
602 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 601 and 602:
604 Chapter | 18 Pituitary Function
- Page 603 and 604:
606 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 605 and 606:
608 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 607 and 608:
610 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 609 and 610:
612 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 611 and 612:
614 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 613 and 614:
616 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 615 and 616:
618 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 617 and 618:
620 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 619 and 620:
622 Chapter | 19 Adrenocortical Fun
- Page 621 and 622:
624 Chapter | 20 Thyroid Function a
- Page 623 and 624:
626 Chapter | 20 Thyroid Function t
- Page 625 and 626:
628 Chapter | 20 Thyroid Function A
- Page 627 and 628:
630 Chapter | 20 Thyroid Function S
- Page 629 and 630:
632 Chapter | 20 Thyroid Function a
- Page 631 and 632:
634 Chapter | 20 Thyroid Function O
- Page 633 and 634:
636 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
- Page 635 and 636:
638 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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640 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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642 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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644 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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646 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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648 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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650 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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652 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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654 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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656 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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658 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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660 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
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662 Chapter | 21 Clinical Reproduct
- Page 661 and 662:
664 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals the
- Page 663 and 664:
666 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals the
- Page 665 and 666:
668 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals P i
- Page 667 and 668:
670 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals be
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Copper Cuproreductase Cytochromes C
- Page 671 and 672:
674 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals 2 .
- Page 673 and 674:
676 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals Cor
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678 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals inf
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680 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals tis
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682 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals VI
- Page 681 and 682:
684 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals red
- Page 683 and 684:
686 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals of
- Page 685 and 686:
688 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals Per
- Page 687 and 688:
690 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals In
- Page 689 and 690:
692 Chapter | 22 Trace Minerals Liu
- Page 691 and 692:
Chapter 23 Vitamins Robert B. Rucke
- Page 693 and 694:
III. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 697 TABLE
- Page 695 and 696:
III. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 699 Carot
- Page 697 and 698:
III. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 701 Major
- Page 699 and 700:
III. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 703 doses
- Page 701 and 702:
III. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 705 Diet
- Page 703 and 704:
III. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 707 conta
- Page 705 and 706:
III. Fat-Soluble Vitamins 709 immun
- Page 707 and 708:
IV. Water-Soluble Vitamins 711 are
- Page 709 and 710:
IV. Water-Soluble Vitamins 713 abil
- Page 711 and 712:
IV. Water-Soluble Vitamins 715 5’
- Page 713 and 714:
IV. Water-Soluble Vitamins 717 H 2
- Page 715 and 716:
IV. Water-Soluble Vitamins 719 Enzy
- Page 718 and 719:
722 Chapter | 23 Vitamins When biot
- Page 720 and 721:
724 Chapter | 23 Vitamins Cyanocoba
- Page 722 and 723:
726 Chapter | 23 Vitamins V . VITAM
- Page 724 and 725:
728 Chapter | 23 Vitamins nature, r
- Page 726 and 727:
730 Chapter | 23 Vitamins Stites ,
- Page 728 and 729:
732 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 730 and 731:
734 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 732 and 733:
736 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 734 and 735:
738 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 736 and 737:
740 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 738 and 739:
742 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 740 and 741:
744 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 742 and 743:
746 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 744 and 745:
748 Chapter | 24 Lysosomal Storage
- Page 746 and 747:
Chapter 25 Tumor Markers Michael D.
- Page 748 and 749:
II. Serum Tumor Markers 753 also be
- Page 750 and 751:
III. Flow Cytometry 755 cancer of t
- Page 752 and 753:
V. Immunohistochemistry/Immunocytoc
- Page 754 and 755:
V. Immunohistochemistry/Immunocytoc
- Page 756 and 757:
References 761 analysis will facili
- Page 758 and 759:
References 763 Fernandez , N. J. ,
- Page 760 and 761:
References 765 Meinecke , B. , and
- Page 762 and 763:
References 767 Walter , J. ( 2000 )
- Page 764 and 765:
770 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 766 and 767:
772 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 768 and 769:
774 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 770 and 771:
776 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 772 and 773:
778 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 774 and 775:
TABLE 26-7 Continued Constituent Ro
- Page 776 and 777:
782 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 778 and 779:
784 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 780 and 781:
786 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 782 and 783:
788 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 784 and 785:
790 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 786 and 787:
792 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 788 and 789:
794 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 790 and 791:
796 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 792 and 793:
798 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 794 and 795:
800 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 796 and 797:
802 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 798 and 799:
804 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 800 and 801:
806 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 802 and 803:
808 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 804 and 805:
810 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 806 and 807:
812 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 808 and 809:
814 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 810 and 811:
816 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 812 and 813:
818 Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Flui
- Page 814 and 815:
Chapter 27 Clinical Biochemistry in
- Page 816 and 817:
II. Hepatotoxicity 823 Therefore, A
- Page 818 and 819:
III. Nephrotoxicity 825 suggested a
- Page 820 and 821:
IV. Toxins Affecting Skeletal and C
- Page 822 and 823:
VII. Toxins Affecting Erythrocytes
- Page 824 and 825:
VIII. Toxins Affecting Hemoglobin a
- Page 826 and 827:
IX. Toxins Affecting the Nervous Sy
- Page 828 and 829:
References 835 Plants classified as
- Page 830 and 831:
References 837 Solaiman , S. G. , M
- Page 832 and 833:
840 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 834 and 835:
842 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 836 and 837:
844 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 838 and 839:
846 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 840 and 841:
848 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 842 and 843:
850 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 844 and 845:
Budgerigar ALAT (IU/g tissue) Budge
- Page 846 and 847:
854 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 848 and 849:
856 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 850 and 851:
858 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 852 and 853:
860 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 854 and 855:
862 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 856 and 857:
864 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 858 and 859:
866 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 860 and 861:
868 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 862 and 863:
870 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 864 and 865:
872 Chapter | 28 Avian Clinical Bio
- Page 866 and 867:
874 Appendix | I SI Units TABLE E S
- Page 868 and 869:
Appendix II Conversion Factors of S
- Page 870 and 871:
Appendix IV Stability of Serum Enzy
- Page 872 and 873:
Appendix VI Nomogram for Computing
- Page 874 and 875:
t0100 Appendix VIII Blood Analyte R
- Page 876 and 877:
884 Appendix | VIII Blood Analyte R
- Page 878 and 879:
886 Appendix | VIII Blood Analyte R
- Page 880 and 881:
888 Appendix | VIII Blood Analyte R
- Page 882 and 883:
890 Appendix | IX Blood Analyte Ref
- Page 884 and 885:
892 Appendix | IX Blood Analyte Ref
- Page 886 and 887:
894 Appendix | IX Blood Analyte Ref
- Page 888 and 889:
Appendix X Blood Analyte Reference
- Page 890 and 891:
Appendix XI Blood Analyte Reference
- Page 892 and 893:
Appendix XII Urine Analyte Referenc
- Page 894 and 895:
902 Appendix | XIII Cerebrospinal F
- Page 896:
904 Appendix | XIV Cerebrospinal Fl