Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals (Sixth Edition) - UMK ...

References
633
the variations in TSH found in hypothyroid dogs, which
detract from its usefulness canine hypothyroidism.
C . Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism or toxic goiter is characterized by weight
loss, hyperactivity, a voracious appetite, and increased
thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism is rarely observed in
dogs, but in the cat, the high incidence of hyperthyroidism
has been recognized as a common endocrinopathy
( Peterson et al. , 1983 ). The most common form of hyperthyroidism
in the cat is a functional thyroid adenoma.
Increases in T 4 or T 3 are virtually pathognomonic signs
of hyperthyroidism in the cat. In 131 cases, T 4 was increased
to between 4.0 and 54.1μg/dl (51.5 to 696.3 nmol/l)
in all cats, and T 3 was between 54 and 1000 ng/dl (0.83 to
15.36 nmol/l) in 97% of the cats ( Peterson et al., 1983 ).
Hays et al. (1988) suggested that T 4 and T 3 are sufficient
for diagnosis and that the free hormones are not needed for
the diagnosis. In the 131 cases, the mean 24-h 131 I uptake
was 39.1% as compared to 9.2% in normal cats. There was
no increment of response above the baseline value to the
TSH response test in these cats as would be expected of a
tumor. 99 Tm-pertechnetate scans demonstrated increased
uptake and size in one or both lobes of the thyroid.
D . Tumors of the Thyroid Gland
Except for the dog and cat, tumors of the thyroid occur
infrequently in animals. About 20% of canine thyroid
tumors are functional. Scintigraphic imaging is now used
to identify functional thyroid tumors and their metastases.
In feline hyperthyroidism, a functional thyroid adenoma is
the most common finding.
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