Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals (Sixth Edition) - UMK ...

Appendix XIII Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Reference Values
in Large Animals
Analyte Units Horse Cow Sheep Goat Llama Pig
Rate of formation μ L/m 290 118 164
Alkaline phosphatase (AlP) U/L 0–8
(0.8 0.9)
Aspartate aminotransferase
(AST) U/L 15–50
(30.7 6.3)
Calcium mg/dL 2.5–6.0 5.1–6.3 5.1–5.5 4.6
(4.2 0.9)
Chloride mmol/L 95–123 111–123 128–148 116–130 116–143)
(109.2 6.9) (13 4 6.5)
Cholesterol (Chol) mg/dL 0 20.0
(4.8 5.7)
Creatine kinase (CK) U/L 0–8
(1.1 3.1)
Glucose mg/dL 30–70 37–51 52–85 70 59–86 45–87
(48.0 10.0) (42.9 1.0) (69.3 7.35)
γ -Glutamyl transferase
(GGT) U/L 0.8–4.2
(2.6 1.9)
Hydrogen Ion (pH) units 7.13–7.36 7.22–7.26 7.3–7.4
(7.35)
Lactate dehydrogenase LD) U/L 12–34 2–25 7–24
(27.7 8.0) (13.94 1.32) (13 5.6)
Lactic acid (LAC) mg/dL (2.3 0.2)
Magnesium mg/dL 1.1–3.0 1.8–2.1 2.2–2.8 2.3
(2.0) (1.99 0.03)
(Continued)