Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals (Sixth Edition) - UMK ...

782
Chapter | 26 Cerebrospinal Fluid
TABLE 26-9 Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins Identified by Electrophoresis (Top Row) and Immunoelectrophoresis
(Underlying Columns)
Transthyretin
(Prealbumin)
Albumin Alpha 1
Globulin
Alpha 2
Globulin
Beta Globulin
Gamma
Globulin
Transthyretin Albumin Alpha 1
antitrypsin
Alpha 2
macroglobulin
Beta
lipoprotein
IgG
Alpha 1
lipoprotein
Alpha 2
lipoprotein
Transferrin
IgA
Alpha 1
glycoprotein
Haptoglobulin
Tau protein
(modified transferrin)
IgM
Ceruloplasmin
Plasminogen
Erythropoietin Complement IgD
Hemopexin
Beta-trace
IgF
Gamma-trace
Modifi ed from Fishman (1992) .
TABLE 26-10 Protein Content of Cerebellomedullary Cisternal CSF of Healthy Dogs, Cats, and
Horses as Identified by Electrophoresis a
Protein fraction
Dog
Sorjonen, 1987
Cat
Rand et al., 1990 a
Horse, Kristensen
and Firth, 1977
Prealbumin 2.0 0.9
Albumin 37 4.29
(31–44)
Alpha globulin 28 5.27
(24–31)
11 15
(1–53)
21 11
(0–48)
43.4 6.8
Alpha 1 5.3 1.3
Alpha 2a 3.3 0.8
Alpha 2bc 6.4 1.8
Beta globulin 25 5.31
(19–30)
57 15
(37–91)
Beta 1 17.0 3.2
Beta 2 7.8 2.3
Gamma globulin 7.75 1.84
(6–9)
a
Mean SD percentage of total CSF protein; range in parentheses.
12 7
(0–29)
14.8 3.3
in normal CSF: IgG, IgM, and IgA. Minute amounts of
other immunoglobulins have also been detected in normal
CSF ( Fishman, 1992 ; Kjeldsberg and Knight, 1993 ).
a . IgG
The major immunoglobulin in normal CSF is IgG, which normally
originates from the serum. An increased level of CSF
gamma globulin is reported in a number of inflammatory
central nervous system disorders. In disease conditions,
gamma globulin may enter the CSF through dysfunctional
blood-brain/CSF barriers, or it may be synthesized intrathecally
by cells that have migrated into the brain or CSF
and are participating in the disease process ( Fishman, 1992 ;
Kjeldsberg and Knight, 1993 ).
b . IgM and IgA
Cerebrospinal fluid IgM and IgA also originate normally
from the serum. However, in certain diseases, particularly