Dissertation_Dr Faisal Almubarak

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348 11 Anne Vernez Modoun. Built for Change: Neighborhood Architecture in San Francisco (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986), 92. 12 Karl Deutsch, quoted in East Cam, "Urbanization and Political Behavior." In The Middle East City: Ancient Traditions Confront a Modern World, edited by A. Saqqaf (New York: Paragon House Publishers, 1987), 339. 1 ^ Kevin Lynch loosely relates the "fit" of a settlement, that is the degree to which "its spatial and temporal pattern matches the customary behavior of its inhabitants," to comfort, satisfaction and efficiency Kevin Lynch, Good City Form (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1987), 152. I risk the general proposition that the contemporary Saudi built environment does not meet such criteria, especially comfort and efficiency. Tarik Al-Solaiman (1989), who attempted to gauge such a subjective indicator, cautiously concluded that the totally designed and built "model" communities, such as the Diplomatic Quarter in Riyadh and the Internal Security Forces' community housing in Arar, are a "more favorable alternative to that of grid-iron speculative land sub-divisioning," which marks the majority of contemporary uiban development in the Kingdom T. Al-Soliman, "The Characteristics of Planned Communities and their Impact on Urban Development and Residents Perceptions." In Urban and Rural Profiles in Saudi Arabia, edited by K. Al-Ankaiy and El-Sayed El- Bushra, 45-76 (Berlin: Gebrudem Borntraeger, 1989), 73. 14 Lynch, 142.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Abdulaal, Walead. "Implications of Subdivision Activity for the Urban Growth of Madina." Urban Studies 27 (May, 1990):725-738. Abu-Lughod, J. L. and Richard Hay, Jr. Third World Urbanization. New York: Methuen, 1977. Abu-Lughod, J. L. "Contemporary Relevance of Islamic Urban Principles (extract)." Ekistics 280 (JanVFeb., 1980): 6-10. Abu-Lughod, J. L. Rabat: Urban Apartheid In Morocco. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1980. Abu-Lughod, J. L. "The Islamic City- Historic Myth, Islamic Essence, and Contemporary Relevance. International Journal of Middle East Studies 2 (May 1987): 155-176. Abu-Lughod, J. L. "What is Islamic About A City Some Comparative Reflections." In The Proceedings of the International Conference on Urbanism In Islam, 193-218. Tokyo, Japan: ICUIT, 1989. Abu-Sin, Mohammad H. "Tawziea' Assukkan fee Imarat Huraimla" [Population Distribution in Huraimla's Principality], In Imarat Huraimla: Dirasah Jophraphiya and Maidaniyah [Huraimla's Principality: Geographic and Field Study], edited by M. Arrouaithy, M. Mahmoud, A. Abdul-Hafidh, and M. Mahsoub, 289-314. Riyadh: Islamic University of Imam Mohammad Bin Saud, 1986. Akbar, J. Crisis in the Built Environment: the Case of the Muslim City. Singapore: Concept Media Pte Ltd. Akhdar, Farouk M. "The Philosophy of Saudi Arabia's Industrialization Policy." In Saudi Arabia: Energy, Developmental Planning, And Industrialization, edited by R. El Mallakh and D. H. El Mallakh, 15-20. Lexington, Mass. Lexington Books, 1982. A1 Abbadi, Ahmad, M. "Min Madhahir al-Hayat al-Iqtisadiyah fee al-Madinah al- Islamiyah" [Aspects of Economic Life in the Islamic City]. A 'lam Alfikr (April/May/June, 1980): 127-160. A1 Ankary, K. M. and El-S. El-Bushra, eds. Urban and Rural Profiles in Saudi Arabia. Berlin: Gebruder Borntrageger, 1989. A1 Ankary, Khalid M. and El-Sayed El-Bushra. "Urban Growth and Urbanization in Saudi Arabia." In Urban and Rural Profiles in Saudi Arabia, edited by Khalid M. Al- Ankary and El-Sayed El-Bushra, 3-14. Berlin: Gebrudern Borntraeger, 1989. A1 Farsy, Fouad A. "King <strong>Faisal</strong> and the First Five Year Development Plan." In King <strong>Faisal</strong>: and the Modernization of Saudi Arabia, edited by Willard A. Beling, 58-74. London: Croom Helm, 1980. A1 Farsy, Fouad A. Saudi Arabia: A Case Study in Development. London: KPI, 1986.
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INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscrip
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Urbanization, Urban Policy and City
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In presenting this dissertation in
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state in contemporary urban develop
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IV. Two Decades of Turmoil (1953-19
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CHAPTER VIII State-led Urbanization
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LIST OF FIGURES Number Page 1.1 Map
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CHAPTER I URBANIZATION, URBAN POLIC
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3 the same time, industrialization'
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5 macro-social change. He states th
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7 In addition to this form of livin
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9 In most cases, even physical plan
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11 V. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND STRU
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13 overview of the economic and pol
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15 research findings: an evaluation
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17 15 Quoted by C. G. Pickvance, "C
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19 resulted in problematic urbaniza
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21 Prophet taught that the Biblical
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23 and/or transformed already exist
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25 differentiation between the town
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Those who fled Makkah with the Prop
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29 left unbuilt for the use of vari
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31 The origin of the schools of tho
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33 3. THE CIRCULATION SPACE. The de
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35 duties including the supervision
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37 contrasted qualities, between th
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39 found intimate, lasting bonds of
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41 checkered early history of eclec
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43 IV. CRITIQUE OF THE MODEL Accord
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45 however contributed decisively t
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47 So, Islam's perception of dunia
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49 guild, all regulated in the ligh
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51 Prophet. By doing so , a person
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53 Kenneth Brown (1986b), 77. M. Bo
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CHAPTER HI FORCES OF CHANGE IN SAUD
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attentions from the local level to
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59 written document spelling out it
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61 was espoused to create outlets f
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63 states, Abdul-Aziz mustered his
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65 his extended family's living dep
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67 The decline was also partly caus
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69 toward a polyarchy of tribes lur
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71 Table 3.1 Oil Production and Rev
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73 With the shift from traditional,
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75 which gave the United States acc
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77 primary and secondary schools, i
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79 the urgent need to shift gears t
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81 This intermittent process of sed
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83 petitioning of the central gover
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85 leaps toward modernity. And inst
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87 of surplus population in urban c
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89 the premise that Ml benefits of
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91 imports of raw materials and mac
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93 oil exports and infrastructural
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95 determined by social status. The
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97 self-employed peasant earned a m
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99 small-arms and ammunitions facto
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101 TABLE 3.5 Top Cities with Popul
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103 SUMMARY In what seemed at the b
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105 financial support, complaints,
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107 Abdul-Rahman H. Al-Said, "The T
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109 64 N.C. Grill, "Urbanization In
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Ill My discussion starts with a his
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113 the modern state, advocating th
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115 more importance on "means" and
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117 states "A more important proble
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119 planning toward expertise and t
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121 With oil income available to th
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123 in. SAUDI GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE
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125 sites. The King, who was advise
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127 municipalities, 43 village clus
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129 bustling plexus/center of immen
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131 services, for the new annexes o
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133 compensations plus a thirty per
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135 settlements, nomads and expatri
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137 the royal family, old-fashioned
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139 The five-year plan comprises (1
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141 to sort urban activities into d
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143 Yanbu occupies public land of 8
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145 land uses backed with detailed
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147 imported models, chiefly Wester
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149 15 Self (1985), 877. 16 Ibid. L
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151 big multi-story apartment build
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CHAPTER V MAJOR TRADITIONAL URBAN A
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155 A. Semi-Local Autonomy and Gove
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157 development, no master plans, a
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159 charities, waqf. For instance,
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161 faced with increasing world dem
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163 Notes to Chapter V 1 Six major
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165 The relationship between neighb
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CHAPTER VI RIYADH: FROM WALLED TOWN
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169 iMusmak Built Area '-'r.identir
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171 and saucepans, wooden chests of
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173 town inhabited mostly by the un
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175 Muslim center, when compared to
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177 In the oases and towns, propert
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179 tribal chiefs and influential t
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181 improved economy and its increa
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183 into a nuclei of the Matar subu
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185 as practiced by Amanat Ar-Riyad
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187 [AOH \*-\K il 1975 Figure 6.5 R
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189 land, reflected the Saudi econo
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191 notion, that is, the realizatio
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193 It I j i 1 i 1 i Bv gy- - 1 ili
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195 household itself. Wealthy peopl
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197 communities. Aramco introduced
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199 heritage in an era of technolog
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Figure 6.10 Riyadh: King Saud's roy
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203 LOCALITY PLAN V Figure 6.12 Al-
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205 leading to the airport. In cont
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207 on the urban scene. His reforms
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Table 6.1 Number of Permits (Constr
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Municipally population (1940s) Tabl
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213 expanding cities. Master city p
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215 Commerce. Busincu tad Ciric |QQ
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217 attention to economic determina
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219 zr/M Khjzian J T.\. Street Figu
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221 urban growth consumed most of t
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223 government spending fueled city
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225 paying consideration to the cen
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227 bring more customers to the dow
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229 While the foci of capitalist wo
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231 mollifying and complementing th
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233 The modern urban form possesses
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235 developed land use. Another 13
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237 in 1950, and the transfer of th
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239 Table 6.5 Riyadh's Land Uses an
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241 expertise impeded the implement
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243 16 Adeeb Faris. Ar Riyadh: Wath
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245 36 H. St J. B. Philby, "Riyadh:
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247 59 K. Brown. Middle Eastern Cit
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249 (valleys), Arar and Badanah, wh
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251 The unprecedented venture of bu
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253 Between 1973 and 1986 Arar witn
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255 even shrank considerably follow
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257 JL IgUi v / • Arar's layout d
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259 Doxiadis Plan, (5) militarizati
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261 Aththouqbah, the Tapline compan
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263 processing and assembly, etc.)
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265 rising oil revenues. 25 During
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267 In 1976, the government authori
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269 rv^ Figure 7.5 King Abdul-Aziz
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271 I— _r
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273 ; 'i'% Residential Area rV s3\^
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275 j "Hf \\\X j»Lfc AR'AR FINAl M
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277 them to seek better and larger
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279 mosques and the like. The numbe
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281 construction permits issued by
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283 Figure 7.11 The Urban Domain fo
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285 built environment, all consiste
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287 Notes to Chapter VII 1 Helmut M
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289 free of charge. If such person
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291 47 A1 Hathloul and Amroush (198
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293 (inevitably calling for the imp
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295 Ashsha'eeb's topography helped
Page 313 and 314: 297 impact of these series of battl
Page 315 and 316: 299 The historical development of H
Page 317 and 318: 301 Mohammad (1803-14) the grandson
Page 319 and 320: 303 rectangular forms. In 1965-66 t
Page 321 and 322: 305 The built form of present Hurai
Page 323 and 324: 307 dilapidated, mud houses had bec
Page 325 and 326: 309 fr-xttxw^XvSNsvXvWx^ww&i-xyrX ,
Page 327 and 328: 311 responsible for issuing buildin
Page 329 and 330: 313 urban growth and management mus
Page 331 and 332: 315 Figure 8.11 Starting during the
Page 333 and 334: 317 to virtually all those who appl
Page 335 and 336: 319 lid t)3acs • 1 11 iffrhj =3 a
Page 337 and 338: 321 Huraimla. 22 Between 1970 and 1
Page 339 and 340: 323 In Huraimla, to encourage and e
Page 341 and 342: 325 compared to the traditional bui
Page 343 and 344: 327 Notes to Chapter VIII 1 H. St.
Page 345 and 346: 329 21 For example, the estate al A
Page 347 and 348: 331 polarization of power under the
Page 349 and 350: 333 development. This requires the
Page 351 and 352: 335 residential suburbs, megalomani
Page 353 and 354: 337 branches of the central governm
Page 355 and 356: 339 Whilst steps toward integrated
Page 357 and 358: 341 such a dynamism to suburban gro
Page 359 and 360: 343 HI. ENVISIONING THE PLURALISTIC
Page 361 and 362: 345 government, a greater flexibili
Page 363: 347 Notes to Chapter IX 1 The abili
Page 367 and 368: 351 A1 Rashid, Ibrahim. Documents o
Page 369 and 370: 353 Bligh, Alexander. "The Saudi Re
Page 371 and 372: 355 Doxiadis Associates. Northern R
Page 373 and 374: 357 "Governmental Services and Inte
Page 375 and 376: 359 Huntington, Samuel P. Political
Page 377 and 378: 361 Ministry of Communications. Hig
Page 379 and 380: 363 Morris, A.E.J. History of Urban
Page 381 and 382: 365 Salamah, Gasssan. "Saudi Arabia
Page 383 and 384: 367 Wilber, C. and K. Jameson. "Par
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Dissertation_Dr Faisal Almubarak

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