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The Freedom Alliance began to disentangle with the White conservatives
demanding a separate whites-only homeland. The Ciskei government was prepared to
allow its inhabitants to take part in the elections while Lucas Mangope was removed
from power as president of Bophuthatswana after the failed uprising. On April 19, a
team ofinternational mediators led by former British foreign secretary Lord Carrington
and Henry Kissinger, former United States secretary of state, tried fruitlessly to
convince Chief M.G. Buthelezi to take part in the elections. On April 19, Chief
Buthelezi finally agreed under pressure from local and international representatives to
be part ofthe election process.
Klug (2000:5) says the ANC did not let the violence stall the peace process: it
came up with its own framework for the transition to democracy by "the calling of an
all-party conference; demanding the establishment of an interim government; the
holding of elections for a constituent assembly to draw up a new constitution; and,
finally the election of a democratic government under a newly adopted constitution."
This resulted in the meeting of the Convention for a Democratic South Africa, which
led to a breakdown in the negotiations. This was followed by the Multi-Party
Negotiating Forum where the interim constitution and the transitional arrangements
were negotiated leading to the first democratic elections in South Africa.
The Importance of the Right Physical and Mental Condition
Negotiations need to be well prepared for. This may take a long time and a lot
of energy, resulting in fatigue. To avoid this one needs to be mentally and physically
fresh by having a good rest before the negotiation.
Fuller (1992) further suggests that the negotiation meeting should be started
with a positive remark as an icebreaker to ease tensions. When the opponent makes an
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