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who is perceived to be disliked by an audience is presented negatively, while the one
perceived to be liked is presented positively. However, Thompson warns that the
message may change the communicator's view. Those who communicate a negative
message have less positive evaluations than those who communicate a positive
message. Thus the emotional tuning that we are applying to our opponents may end up
affecting us.
This whole discussion has been about basic tuning. Other kinds of tuning
employed by the communicators are:
Supertuning - when we want to achieve high rapport with our audience e.g.
when asking for a raise from an employer.
Antituning - when we want to block out the other person or dissociate ourselves
from him e.g. somebody nagging us about something
Nontuning - when someone is behaving in an indifferent manner to another e.g.
when you greet someone and he does not return your greeting.
Emotional Expressiveness
Individuals express emotion differently during social interaction or when
responding to other stimuli, and research has focused on to what extent emotions are
displayed. This is one kind of affective behaviour which differs from other kinds of
affective behaviour such as emotionality, where a person shifts from one emotional
state to another; dispositional affect where one experiences positive or negative affect;
or expressive self-control where one is able to adjust one's behaviour according to the
social cues one receives.
Barry (1999:98) mentions that expressIveness measured unidimensionally,
"where the amplitude of emotional expression is measured as a single construct varying
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