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Fluids Hypertension Syndromes: Migraines, Headaches, Normal ...

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<strong>Fluids</strong> <strong>Hypertension</strong> <strong>Syndromes</strong> – Dr. Leonardo Izecksohn – page 193<br />

Age-related Macular Degeneration together with the <strong>Fluids</strong> <strong>Hypertension</strong> <strong>Syndromes</strong>: We had a<br />

70 year-old patient, retired as a truck-driver. He had one grandmother Indian, one grandfather Portuguese,<br />

and the other two grandparents Brazilian White. He was 1.62 meters (5 feet and 4 inches) tall,<br />

weighting 70 kilograms (154 pounds). Since his twenties, he was a daily drinker of coffee 400 milliliters<br />

(13 fluid ounces), some bottles of beer on weekends with hangover at the next morning, and occasionally<br />

some wine. He is almost deaf. He is complaining about both eyes almost blind, intense eyes<br />

itching, eyelids edemas and excessive tears. He presented years of chronic backaches. On ophthalmological<br />

exam, we found physiologic intraocular pressures of 14 mm Hg in both eyes, eyelids edemas,<br />

physiologic deep anterior chambers, and with the best eyeglasses he presented visual acuity of 20/80<br />

(25%) on the right eye, and only hands movements at 1 meter on the left eye: he is legally blind. On<br />

direct ophthalmoscopy he presented Optic discs with 0.5/3/1/0 and 0.7/3/1/0 right and left eyes (cup<br />

diameter/ cup depth/ lamina cribosa's pores visibility/ borders edema), which means a small glaucomatous<br />

damage, acceptable to his age. His retinas presented many drusen, fibrosis and a neovascular<br />

membrane under them, characterizing the Caffeine, Wine and Beer Macular Degeneration, actually<br />

denominated as “Age-related Macular Degeneration”. Two years ago, other doctor proposed him a<br />

Laser treatment to this, but he refused because he could not afford US$10,000.00 to pay for it. We prescribed<br />

him only to stop all caffeine, beer and wine drinks, without any medication.<br />

After one month he came back, entirely better. He had lost 2 kilograms (4 pounds) of water, without<br />

other diet. He was feeling better, without backaches, edemas or eye itching, seeing a little better, hearing<br />

better. The definitive degeneration inside his eyes were the same. With his eyeglasses, his only visual<br />

acuity was 20/60 on the right eye, and he was very happy with this.<br />

These are simultaneous Ocular <strong>Hypertension</strong> (which caused the small glaucomatous damage),<br />

Cerebrospinal Fluid <strong>Hypertension</strong> (which caused backaches, eyes´ itching, edemas, deafness, tearfulness),<br />

and exudative retinal, under-retinal and choroidal vascular leaks (which made him near-blind).<br />

All of these sicknesses were caused by more than 40 years of daily drinks of caffeine, beer and wine.<br />

But the actual medicine denominate all of these sicknesses as “idiopathic”, because the doctors do not<br />

know their causes.<br />

XIII- d - Cerebrospinal Fluid <strong>Hypertension</strong> on the 2 nd cranial nerve - 10 - Macular edema, macular<br />

cyst, macular detachment, macular hole, vitreous-retinal adhesion, epi-retinal membrane.<br />

The macular edema without inflammation is the accumulation of fluids (mainly serum and plasma)<br />

in the retina, which was excessively produced and not drained or absorbed by the venous capillaries.<br />

The retina has no lymphatics to absorb the interstitial fluids. These fluids can be from 4 origins:<br />

a- The Optic nerve's papillary edema from the Cerebrospinal fluid hypertension, spreading from the<br />

Optic Nerve´s papilla through the retina.<br />

b-The choroid's arterial capillaries leaking too much, spreading through breaks in the retinal pigment<br />

epithelium into the retina.<br />

c- The retinal arterial capillaries leaking too much.<br />

d-The anomalous vessels from neovascularization in the retina and choroid leaking too much.<br />

All these leaking fluids can be restrained by a high intraocular pressure. Whether there is a low intraocular<br />

pressure, spontaneously or caused by anti-glaucomatous eye drops, the leaking is increased.<br />

At the beginning, the excess of fluids swells the retina, producing the macular edema and pigment<br />

epithelial detachment. When the edema increases, it breaks the retinal layers, producing the macular<br />

cyst and macular detachment. When the excessive fluids increase more, the inner retinal layer breaks,<br />

draining the excessive fluids to the space between the retina and the vitreous, configuring the macular<br />

hole.<br />

The macular hole consequent to the primary traction of the retinal inner layers by the vitreous adhesion<br />

is rare. The most frequent is the the plasma escaping from the chronic macular edema and macular<br />

hole into the vitreous causing the secondary vitreous-retinal adhesion.<br />

Where these excessive fluids escaping from the macular hole are drained? The only possible drainage<br />

is the Schlemm's canal, at the Anterior chamber. To get there, the fluids must pass through and around<br />

the vitreous, generating cells proliferation, fibrosis, “idiopathic” epi-retinal membrane, vitreous strands

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