Fluids Hypertension Syndromes: Migraines, Headaches, Normal ...

Fluids Hypertension Syndromes – Dr. Leonardo Izecksohn – page 253
“A red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and a European badger (Meles meles) were found dead on a golf-course
in October 1997 near Stockholm (Sweden). At necropsy, both animals were obese and the main finding
was acute circulatory collapse. Theobromine intoxication was suspected as chocolate waste was available
at a nearby farm and no other cause of death could be detected… Theobromine and caffeine
were detected in gastric contents and theobromine was identified in the liver samples from both animals.”
(Jansson D S, ad others).
XVI - 127) Killing Rat, Guinea Pig, Woman, Child, Human. Caffeine is a poison that can kill:
Caffeine = Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) or Lowest Published Lethal Dose (LDLO)
Oral rat LD50 192 mg/ kg
Intravenous rat LD50 105 mg/ kg
Subcutaneous rat LD50 170 mg/ kg
Intraperitoneal rat LD50 260 mg/ kg
Intraperitoneal guinea pig LDLO 220 mg/ kg
Intravenous woman LDLO 57 mg/ kg
Oral child LDLO 320 mg/ kg
Oral human LDLO 192 mg/ kg
Modified from: Oxford University. Material Safety Data Sheet -
XVI - 128) Killing birds: Caffeine is a poison.
“An adult male kea (Nestor notabilis) in good body condition was found dead at Aoraki/Mt Cook
Village, in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. The bird had previously been involved in behavioural
tests of problem-solving ability. The bird had substantial subcutaneous and abdominal reserves of fat.
The crop contained 20 g of what appeared to be dark chocolate; a conservative estimate of the dose of
methylxanthines ingested by the bird was 250 mg/kg theobromine, 20 mg/kg caffeine and 3 mg/kg
theophylline. Histopathological examination revealed acute degenerative changes to hepatocytes, renal
tubules, and cerebrocortical neurons. Diagnosis: Acute combination methylxanthine toxicity after opportunistic
ingestion of chocolate.” (Gartrell B D, and Reid C).
XVI - 129) Killing insects:
a- Caffeine is an insecticide: A patient told me that when in her house there were too much flying
insects at evening, she put used coffee powder in a frying-pan over the fire, and when it was releasing
fumes, she walked with the pan spreading these fumes in the rooms and killed all the insects.
b- Caffeine is an insecticide: “By preparing the caffeine oleate emulsions (20 volume % oil, 2.00
weight % surfactant, 0.04 weight % caffeine, 0.05 weight % oleic acid) with anionic surfactants (sodium
lauryl sulfate, sodium laureate, and sodium oleate), we obtained a lethal time 50 of 23 minutes. In
the case of caffeine oleate emulsions prepared with nonionic surfactants (Tween 20 and Tween 80), a
lethal time 50 of approximately 17 minutes was observed.” (Araque P, and others).
c- Caffeine is an insecticide: “Previous experiments showed that caffeine blocks the development of
Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) in the larval stage, consequently inhibiting the production of adults.
This study results corroborate caffeine as an alternative as an important Aedes aegypti control agent to
avoid resistance.” (Laranja A T, and others).
d- Caffeine is an insecticide: “Reproductive potential (ovary length and egg number) was significantly
reduced in the lepidopterans receiving caffeine/theophylline treated leaves in comparison to the
control. Protein and energy contents in the egg of the moths showed remarkable decrease with increasing
concentrations of secondary plant metabolites in the feed.” (Mathavan S, and others).