Clinician's Pocket Drug Reference 2008

128 Lactic Acid & Ammonium Hydroxidemg/kg/d in ÷ doses. Hypertensive emergency: 0.4–1.5 mg/kg/h IV cont inf Caution:[C (D in 2nd or 3rd tri), +] Contra: Asthma/COPD, cardiogenic shock, uncompensatedCHF, heart block Disp: Tabs 100, 200, 300 mg; inj 5 mg/mL SE:Dizziness, N, ↓ BP, fatigue, CV effectsLactic Acid & Ammonium Hydroxide [Ammonium Lactate](Lac-Hydrin) Uses: *Severe xerosis & ichthyosis* Action: Emollient moisturizerDose: Apply bid Caution: [B, ?] Disp: Cream, lotion, lactic acid 12% w/ammonium hydroxide SE: Local irritationLactobacillus (Lactinex Granules) [OTC] Uses: * Control of D*, especiallyafter antibiotic therapy Action: Replaces nl intestinal flora Dose: Adults &Peds >3 y. 1 packet, 1–2 caps, or 4 tabs daily–QID Caution: [A, +] Contra: Milk/lactoseallergy Disp: Tabs; caps; EC caps; powder in packets (all OTC) SE: FlatulenceLactulose (Constulose, Generlac, Enulose, others) Uses: *Hepaticencephalopathy; constipation* Action: Acidifies the colon, allows ammoniato diffuse into colon Dose: Acute hepatic encephalopathy: 30–45 mL PO q1h untilsoft stools, then tid–qid. Chronic laxative therapy: 30–45 mL PO tid–qid; adjustq1–2d to produce 2–3 soft stools/d. Rectally: 200 g in 700 mL of H 2 O PR. Peds.Infants: 2.5–10 mL/24 h ÷ tid–qid. Other Peds Peds. 40–90 mL/24 h ÷ tid–qidCaution: [B, ?] Contra: Galactosemia Disp: Syrup 10 g/15 mL, soln 10 g/15 mL,10, 20 g/packet SE: Severe D, flatulence; life-threatening electrolyte disturbancesLamivudine (Epivir, Epivir-HBV) WARNING: Lactic acidosis & severehepatomegaly w/ steatosis reported w/ nucleoside analogs Uses: *HIVInfxn, chronic Hep B* Action: NRTI, ↓ HIV RT & Hep B viral polymerase,causes viral DNA chain termination Dose: HIV: Adults & Peds >16 y. 150 mg PObid or 300 mg PO daily. Peds adults) Notes: ?value of therapeutic monitoringLansoprazole (Prevacid, Prevacid IV) Uses: *Duodenal ulcers, prevent& Rx NSAID gastric ulcers, IV alternative for ≤7 d /w erosive esophagitis.*