Clinician's Pocket Drug Reference 2008

Potassium Supplements 173Contra: GI obst, allergy to PEG Disp: Powder for recons; bottle cap holds 17 gSE: Upset stomach, bloating, cramping, gas, severe D, hives Notes: Can add toH 2 O, juice, soda, coffee, or teaPolymyxin B & Hydrocortisone (Otobiotic Otic) Uses: *Superficialbacterial Infxns of external ear canal* Action: Antibiotic/anti-inflammatorycombo Dose: 4 gtt in ear(s) tid–qid Caution: [B, ?] Disp: Soln polymyxin B10,000 units/hydrocortisone 0.5%/mL SE: Local irritation Notes: Useful inneomycin allergyPosaconazole (Noxafil) Uses: *Prevent Aspergillus and Candida Infxnsin severely immunocompromised* Action: ↓ cell membrane ergosterol synthDose: Adult. Invasive fungal prophylaxis: 200 mg PO TID; Oropharyngeal candidiasis:100 mg PO daily × 13 days, if refractory 40 mg PO BID; Peds > 13 yr.200 mg PO TID; w/meal Caution: [C; ?] multiple drug interactions; ↑ QT, cardiacdiseases, severe renal/liver impair Contra: Component hypersensitivity; w/manydrugs including alfuzosin, astemizole, alprazolam, phenothiazines, terfenadine, triazolam,others Disp: Sol 40 mg/mL SE: ↑ QT, ↑ LFTs, hepatic failure, fever,N/V/D, HA, abd pain, anemia, ↓ plt, ↓ K + rash, dyspnea, cough, anorexia, fatigueNotes: Monitor LFTs, CBC, electrolytesPotassium Citrate (Urocit-K) Uses: *Alkalinize urine, prevention ofurinary stones (uric acid, calcium stones if hypocitraturic)* Action: Urinary alkalinizerDose: 1 packet dissolved in H 2 O or 15–30 mL after meals and at bedtime10–20 mEq PO tid w/ meals, max 100 mEq/d Caution: [A, +] Contra: Severerenal impair, dehydration, ↑ K + , peptic ulcer; w/K + sparing diuretics, salt substitutesDisp: 540, 1080 mg tabs SE: GI upset, ↓ Ca 2+ , ↑ K + , metabolic alkalosis Notes:Tabs 540 mg = 5 mEq, 1080 mg = 10 mEqPotassium Citrate & Citric Acid (Polycitra-K) Uses: *Alkalinizeurine, prevent urinary stones (uric acid, Ca stones if hypocitraturic)* Action: Urinaryalkalinizer Dose: 10–20 mEq PO tid w/ meals, max 100 mEq/d Caution:[A, +] Contra: Severe renal impair, dehydration, ↑ K + , peptic ulcer; w/ use of K + -sparing diuretics or salt substitutes Disp: Soln 10 mEq/5 mL; powder 30mEq/packet SE: GI upset, ↓ Ca 2+ , ↑ K + , metabolic alkalosisPotassium Iodide [Lugol Soln] (SSKI, Thyro-Block) Uses:*Thyroid storm,* ↓ vascularity before thyroid surgery, block thyroid uptake of radioactiveiodine, thin bronchial secretions Action: Iodine supl Dose: Adults &Peds >2 y. Preop thyroidectomy: 50–250 mg PO tid (2–6 gtt strong iodine soln);give 10 d preop. Peds 1 y. Thyroid crisis: 300 mg (6 gtt SSKI q8h). Peds