Clinician's Pocket Drug Reference 2008

Amprenavir 39membrane sterols, alters permeability Dose: Adults & Peds. 5 mg/kg/d IV singledaily dose; 2.5 mg/kg/h inf Caution: [B, ?] Disp: Inj 5 mg/mL SE: Anaphylaxis;fever, chills, HA, ↓ K + , ↓ Mg 2+ , nephrotox, ↓ BP, anemia Notes: Filter w/5-micronneedle; do not mix in electrolyte-containing solns; if inf >2 h, manually mix bagAmphotericin B Liposomal (AmBisome) Uses: *Refractory invasivefungal Infxn w/ intolerance to conventional ampho B; cryptococcal meningitisin HIV; empiric for febrile neutropenia; visceral leishmaniasis* Action: Binds cellmembrane sterols, changes membrane permeability Dose: Adults & Peds. 3–6mg/kg/d, inf 60–120 min; Caution: [B, ?] Disp: Powder inj 50 mg SE: Anaphylaxis,fever, chills, HA, ↓ K + , ↓ Mg 2+ nephrotox, ↓ BP, anemia Notes: Use no lessthan 1-micron filter; ? ↓ in renal insuffAmpicillin (Amcill, Omnipen) Uses: *Resp, GU, or GI tract Infxns,meningitis due to gram(–) & (+) bacteria; SBE prophylaxis* Action: β-Lactam antibiotic;↓ cell wall synth. Spectrum: Gram(+) (Streptococcus sp, Staphylococcussp, Listeria); gram(–) (Klebsiella sp, E. coli, H. influenzae, P. mirabilis, Shigellasp, Salmonella sp) Dose: Adults. 500 mg–2 g IM or IV q6h or 250–500 mg POq6h. Peds. Neonates 1 mo: 100–200 mg/kg/24 h ÷ q4–6h IMor IV; 50–100 mg/kg/24 h ÷ q6h PO up to 250 mg/dose. Meningitis: 200–400mg/kg/24 h ÷ q4–6h IV; ↓ in renal impair; take on empty stomach Caution: [B, M]Cross hypersensitivity w/ PCN Disp: Caps 250, 500 mg; susp 100 mg/mL (reconstituteddrops), 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL; powder for inj 125 mg, 250 mg, 500mg, 1 g, 2 g, 10 g/vial SE: D, skin rash, allergic Rxn Notes: Many E. coli strainsresistantAmpicillin-Sulbactam (Unasyn) Uses: *Gynecologic, intraabd, skinInfxns due to β-lactamase-producing S. aureus, Enterococcus, H. influenzae, P.mirabilis, & Bacteroides sp* Action: β-lactam antibiotic & β-lactamase inhibitor.Spectrum: Gram(+) & (–) as for amp alone; also Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, BacteroidesDose: Adults. 1.5–3 g IM or IV q6h. Peds. 100–200 mg ampicillin/kg/d(150–300 mg Unasyn) q6h; ↓ w/ renal insuff Caution: [B, M] Disp: Powder forinj 1.5, 3 g/vial, 15 g bulk package SE: Allergic Rxns, rash, D, inj site pain Notes:A 2:1 ratio ampicillin:sulbactamAmprenavir (Agenerase) WARNING: PO soln contra in children