Clinician's Pocket Drug Reference 2008

Carteolol 55mg/5 mL SE: Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, N/V, rash, ↓ Na + , leukopenia,agranulocytosis Notes: Monitor CBC & levels: Trough: Just before next dose;Therapeutic: Peak 8–12 mcg/ml (monotherapy), 4–8 (polytherapy); Toxic Trough >12 mcg/mL; 1 ⁄2 life: 15-20 h; generic products not interchangeable, many drug interactions,administer susp in 3–4 div doses dailyCarbidopa/Levodopa (Sinemet, Parcopa) Uses: *Parkinson Dz*Action: ↑ CNS dopamine levels Dose: 25/100 mg bid-qid; ↑ as needed (max200/2000 mg/d) Caution: [C, ?] Contra: NAG, suspicious skin lesion (may activatemelanoma), melanoma, MAOI use Disp: Tabs (mg carbidopa/mg levodopa)10/100, 25/100, 25/250; tabs SR (mg carbidopa/mg levodopa) 25/100, 50/200;ODT (oral disintegrating tab) 10/100, 25/100, 25/250, SE: Psychiatric disturbances,orthostatic ↓ BP, dyskinesias, cardiac arrhythmiasCarboplatin (Paraplatin) WARNING: Administration only by physicianexperienced in cancer chemotherapy; BM suppression possible, Anaphlaxismay occur Uses: *Ovarian*, lung, head & neck, testicular, urothelial, & brain*CA, NHL* & allogeneic & ABMT in high doses Action: DNA cross-linker;forms DNA-platinum adducts Dose: 360 mg/m 2 (ovarian carcinoma); AUC dosing4–7 mg/mL (Culvert formula: mg = AUC × [25 + calculated GFR]); adjust basedon plt count, CrCl, & BSA (Egorin formula); up to 1500 mg/m 2 used in ABMT setting(per protocols) Caution: [D, ?] Contra: Severe BM suppression, excessivebleeding Disp: Inj 50, 150, 450 mg vial (10mg/mL) SE: Anaphylaxis, ↓ BM,N/V/D, nephrotox, hematuria, neurotox, ↑ LFTs Notes: Physiologic dosing basedon Culvert or Egorin formula allows ↑ doses w/ ↓ toxCarisoprodol (Soma) Uses: *Adjunct to sleep & physical therapy to relievepainful musculoskeletal conditions* Action: Centrally acting muscle relaxantDose: 350 mg PO tid-qid Caution: [C, M] Tolerance may result; w/ renal/hepaticimpair Contra: Allergy to meprobamate; acute intermittent porphyria Disp: Tabs350 mg SE: CNS depression, drowsiness, dizziness, tachycardia Notes: AvoidEtOH & other CNS depressants; available in combo w/ ASA or codeine.Carmustine [BCNU] (BiCNU, Gliadel) Uses: *Primary brain tumors,melanoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma & NHLs, multiple myeloma, & induction for allogeneic& ABMT in high doses; adjunct to surgery in pts w/ recurrent glioblastoma*Action: Alkylating agent; nitrosourea forms DNA cross-links to inhibitDNA Dose: 150–200 mg/m 2 q6–8wk single or ÷ dose daily inj over 2 d; 20–65mg/m2 q4–6wk; 300–900 mg/m 2 in BMT (per protocols); ↓ w/hepatic impair Caution:[D, ?] ↓ WBC, RBC, plt counts, renal/hepatic impair Contra: ↓ BM, PRGDisp: Inj 100 mg/vial; wafer: 7.7 mg SE: ↓BP, N/V, ↓ WBC & plt, phlebitis, facialflushing, hepatic/renal dysfunction, pulm fibrosis, optic neuroretinitis; hematologictox may persist 4–6 wk after dose Notes: Do not give course more frequently thanq6wk (cumulative tox); baseline PFTsCarteolol (Cartrol, Ophthalmic) Uses: *HTN, ↑ intraocular pressure,chronic open-angle glaucoma* Action: Blocks β-adrenergic receptors ( 1 , 2 ),