Clinician's Pocket Drug Reference 2008

Lisinopril 133Adults. EMLA cream, anesthetic disc (1 g/10 cm 2 ): Thick layer 2–2.5 g to intactskin, cover w/ occlusive dressing (eg, Tegaderm) for at least 1 h. Anesthetic disc:1 g/10 cm 2 for at least 1 h. Peds. Max dose: < 3 mo or < 5 kg: 1 g/10 cm 2 for 1 h.3–12 mo & > 5 kg: 2 g/20 cm 2 for 4 h. 1–6 y & > 10 kg: 10 g/100 cm 2 for 4 h.7–12 y & > 20 kg: 20 g/200 cm 2 for 4 h Caution: [B, +] MethemoglobinemiaContra: Use on mucous membranes, broken skin, eyes; allergy to amide-typeanesthetics Disp: Cream 2.5% lidocaine/2.5% prilocaine; anesthetic disc (1 g) SE:Burning, stinging, methemoglobinemia Notes: Longer contact time ↑ effectLindane (Kwell) [OTC] Uses: *Head lice, crab lice, scabies* Action: Ectoparasiticide& ovicide Dose: Adults & Peds. Cream or lotion: Thin layer afterbathing, leave for 8–12 h, pour on laundry. Shampoo: Apply 30 mL, develop a latherw/ warm water for 4 min, comb out nits Caution: [C, +/–] Contra: Open wounds,Sz disorder Disp: Lotion 1%; shampoo 1% SE: Arrhythmias, Szs, local irritation, GIupset Notes: Caution w/ overuse (may be absorbed); may repeat Rx in 7 dLinezolid (Zyvox) Uses: *Infxns caused by gram (+) bacteria (includingvancomycin-resistant enterococcus, VRE), pneumonia, skin Infxns* Action:Unique, binds ribosomal bacterial RNA; bactericidal for strep, bacteriostatic forenterococci & staph. Spectrum: Excellent gram (+) including VRE & MRSADose: Adults. 400–600 mg IV or PO q12h. Peds. 10 mg/kg IV or PO q8h (q12h inpreterm neonates) Caution: [C, ?/–] w/ reversible MAOI, avoid foods w/ tyramine& cough/cold products w/ pseudoephedrine; w/ ↓ BM Disp: Inj 2 mg/mL; tabs600 mg; susp 100 mg/5 mL SE: HTN, N/D, HA, insomnia, GI upset, ↓ BM,tongue discoloration Notes: weekly CBCLiothyronine (Cytomel) Uses: *Hypothyroidism, goiter, myxedemacoma, thyroid suppression therapy* Action: T 3 replacement Dose: Adults. Initial25 mcg/24 h, titrate q1–2wk to response & TFT; maint of 25–100 mcg/d PO.Myxedema coma: 25–50 mcg IV. Peds. Initial 5 mcg/24 h, titrate by 5-mcg/24-h incrementsat 1–2-wk intervals; maint 20–75 mcg/24 h PO daily; ↓ in elderly Caution:[A, +] Contra: Recent MI, uncorrected adrenal insuff, uncontrolled HTNDisp: Tabs 5, 25, 50 mcg; inj 10 mcg/mL SE: Alopecia, arrhythmias, CP, HA,sweating Notes: Monitor TFTLisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) WARNING: Amphetamines have highabuse potential. Long-term use may cause dependency Uses: *ADHD* Action:Prodrug of dextroamphetamine Dose: Peds 6–12 yo: 30 mg PO qam, ↑ 20 mg/deach wk, max 70 mg/day Caution: [C, –] ↑ sudden cardiac death, may exacerbatepreexisting psych disorders Contra: Severe CV Dz, ↑ thyroid, BP, NAG, Hx drugabuse, w/in 14 d of MOI Disp: Caps 30, 50, 70 mg SE: N/V, dry mouth, pyrexia,↓ appetite & weight, dizziness, HA, irritability, insomnia, rash Notes: Adult approvalpending; OK to open and dissolve in H 2 OLisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) Uses: *HTN, CHF, prevent DN & AMI* Action:ACE inhibitor Dose: 5–40 mg/24 h PO daily–bid. AMI: 5 mg w/in 24 h ofMI, then 5 mg after 24 h, 10 mg after 48 h, then 10 mg/d; ↓ in renal insuff Cau-