Clinician's Pocket Drug Reference 2008

160 OseltamivirDose: 100 mg PO bid, 60 mg IM/IV q12h Caution: [C, +] Contra: NAG, GI obst,cardiospasm, MyG Disp: Tabs 100 mg; SR tabs 100 mg; inj 30 mg/mL SE:Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, flushing, tachycardia, constipationOseltamivir (Tamiflu) Uses: *Prevention & Rx influenza A & B* Action:↓ viral neuraminidase Dose: Adults Treatment 75 mg PO bid for 5 d Prophylaxis:75 mg po daily × 10 D Peds PO bid dosing: < 15 kg: 30 mg. 15–23 kg: 45mg. 24–40 kg: 60 mg; > 40 kg adult dose. ; ↓ w/ renal impair Caution: [C, ?/–]Contra: Component allergy Disp: Caps 75 mg, powder 12 mg/mL SE: N/V, insomnia,reports of neuropsychiatric events in children (self-injury, confusion,delirum) Notes: Initiate w/in 48 h of Sx onset or exposureOxacillin (Prostaphlin) Uses: *Infxns due to susceptible S. aureus &Streptococcus* Action: Bactericidal; ↓ cell wall synth. Spectrum: Excellentgram(+), poor gram(–) Dose: Adults. 250–500 mg (2g severe) IM/IV q4–6h. Peds.150–200 mg/kg/d IV ÷ q4–6h; ↓ w/sig renal Dz Caution: [B, M] Contra: PCNsensitivity Disp: Powder for inj 500 mg, 1, 2, 10 g, soln 250 mg/5 mL SE: GIupset, interstitial nephritis, blood dyscrasiasOxaliplatin (Eloxatin) WARNING: Administer w/ supervision of physicianexperienced in chemo. Appropriate management is possible only w/ adequatediagnostic & Rx facilities. Anaphylactic-like Rxns reported Uses: *Adjuvant Rxstage-III colon CA (primary resected) & met colon CA w/ 5-FU* Action: Metabolizedto platinum derivatives, crosslinks DNA Dose: Per protocol; see insert. Premedicate:Antiemetic w/w/o dexamethasone Caution: [D, –] see Warning Contra:Allergy to components or platinum Disp: injection 50, 100 mg SE: Anaphylaxis,granulocytopenia, paresthesia, N/V/D, stomatitis, fatigue, neuropathy, hepatotoxNotes: 5-FU & Leucovorin are given in combo; epi, corticosteroids, & antihistaminesalleviate severe RxnsOxaprozin (Daypro, Daypro ALTA) WARNING: May ↑ risk of cardiovascularevents & GI bleeding Uses: *Arthritis & pain* Action: NSAID; ↓prostaglandins synth Dose: 600–1200 mg/daily (÷ dose may help GI tolerance); ↓in renal/hepatic impair Caution: [C (D in 3rd tri or near term), ?], peptic ulcer,bleeding disorders Contra: ASA/NSAID sensitivity perioperative pain w/CABGDisp: Daypro ALTA tab 600 mg; caplets 600 mg SE: CNS inhibition, sleep disturbance,rash, GI upset, peptic ulcer, edema, renal failure, anaphylactoid rxn with aspirintriad (asthmatic w/rhinitis, nasal polyps and bronchospasm w/NSAID use)Oxazepam [C-IV] Uses: *Anxiety, acute EtOH withdrawal,* anxiety w/depressive Sxs Action: Benzodiazepine; metabolite of diazepam Dose: Adults.10–15 mg PO tid–qid; severe anxiety & EtOH withdrawal may require up to 30 mgqid. Peds. 1 mg/kg/d ÷ doses Caution: [D, ?] Contra: Component allergy, NAGDisp: Caps 10, 15, 30 mg; tabs 15 mg SE: Sedation, ataxia, dizziness, rash, blooddyscrasias, dependence Notes: Avoid abrupt D/COxcarbazepine (Trileptal) Uses: *Partial Szs,* bipolar disorders Action:Blocks voltage-sensitive Na + channels, stabilization of hyperexcited neural