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The UNDP Drylands Development Centreformerly the Office to Combat Desertificationand Drought (UNSO) -moved to Nairobi inearly 2002. The Centre is responsible forpromoting sound dryland management anddevelopment as well as drought preparednessand mitigation as part of sustainable humandevelopment. UNSO has been an advocate ofthe United Nations Convention to Combat Desertificationand Drought (UNCCD) and providestechnical and catalytic financial support toaffected countries for the implementation of theConvention.UNDP Drylands Development CentreUnited Nations Avenue-GigiriP.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, KenyaTel: (+254-2) 62 20 57Fax: (+254-2) 62 46 48E-mail: unso@undp.orgWeb site: www.undp.org/seed/unsoCapacity 21 is a trust fund launched by UNDPafter the Rio Earth Summit of 1992, whichworks with countries to build skills and aknowledge base to implement the principles ofsustainable development as outlined in Agenda21. Capacity 21 promotes a partnership forincreased coping capacity to deal with naturaldisasters in small island developing States, inthe framework of the World Summit onSustainable Development and the BarbadosPlan of Action. www.undp.org/capacity21/United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)UNEP is the leading global environmentalauthority and promotes the coherent implementationof the environmental dimension ofsustainable development within the UnitedNations. The Programme is based in Nairobi,Kenya, and counts several regional and thematicoffices and programmes around the world.The UNEP Governing Council identifiedincreasing environmental emergencies as one ofthe environmental threats that needed to beaddressed and emphasized the important rolethe Programme played globally in the areas ofemergency prevention, preparedness, assessment,mitigation and response. Through itsRelated international commitments and the UN role in disaster risk reductionDisaster Management Branch in Nairobi, part ofthe Division for Environment Policy Implementation(DEPI), UNEP has developed a strategicframework on emergency prevention, preparedness,assessment, mitigation and response withand agenda for action which serve as basis for thedevelopment and implementation ofprogrammes on disaster reduction at the national,subregional, regional and global levels.Further, has carried out a number of activitiesaimed at reducing the impact of natural and otherrelated environmental and technological disastersin furtherance of the objectives of ISDR. It is amember of the ISDR Inter-Agency Task Forcefor Disaster Reduction and chairs the TaskForce's Working Group on Early Warning. Italso has a joint unit with OCHA in Geneva toassist countries in responding to a variety of environmentalemergencies.In line with its role in environmental monitoring,assessment and early warning, the UNEP Divisionfor Early Warning and Assessment (DEWA)has launched a Global Environment Outlook(GEO) report series which contains baselineinformation on environmental emerging issuesand threats, as well as policies being implementedat the global and regional levels.www.unep.org/DEWA.The UNEP Global Resource Information Database(GRID) is a global network of environmentalinformation centres and aims at providing andfacilitating access to environmental data andinformation for decision-making and policysetting. It underpins the UNEP review of thestate of the world's environment and providesearly warning on environmental hazards. TheUNEP.Net partnership, a global informationnetwork, offers access to distributed and remotedatabases from different institutions to developcomprehensive and local solutions, often relyingon best practices from various regions and countriesof the world.United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)United Nations Avenue, Gigiri,P.O.Box 30552,Nairobi 00100,KenyaTel: (254 2) 621234Fax: (254 2) 624489/90Email(generic): firstname.secondname@unep.orgWeb site: www.unep.org3096
6Living with Risk: A global review of disaster reduction initiativesThe UNEP Awareness and Preparedness forEmergencies at a Local Level (APELL), basedat the Industry and Environment Office inParis, is a programme serving as a tool fordisaster prevention and preparedness and raisespublic awareness of the need to reduce environmentalemergencies and damage. It seeks tominimize, particularly in developing countries,the occurrence and harmful effects of technologicalaccidents and emergencies resultingfrom human activity or as the consequence ofnatural disasters.Web site:ww.uneptie.org/pc/apell/disasters/disasters.htmlWorld Food Programme (WFP)WFP is mandated by the United Nations tocombat global hunger. Based in Rome, Italy,the Programme counts 85 country offices andeight regional offices to assist populations inneed. As the food-aid arm of the UnitedNations, WFP meets emergency needs,provides the necessary logistics to deliver foodand supports economic and social developmentby promoting policies, strategies and operationsfor the benefit of the poor and hungry.WFP has been a member of the ISDR Inter-Agency Task Force on Disaster Reductionsince its inception in 2000.In 1999 the WFP key strategy document entitledEnabling Development identified disastermitigation as one of the five priority areas ofaction with a focus on reduction of the impactof natural hazards on food security for vulnerablepopulations. A steering committee for disastermitigation was established to assist countryand regional offices to integrate disaster mitigationactivities into their developmentprogrammes. The WFP dual mandate fordevelopment and emergencies results in developmentactivities designed to facilitate potentialemergency response. Guidelines on disastermitigation have been prepared and field-testedin pilot country offices. The formalization ofthe WFP role in disaster mitigation is reflectedin the new generation of programming documents.In 2000 already nine of the 11 CountryStrategy Outlines and Country Programmesthat were approved by the Executive Board hadincluded disaster mitigation activities. Forexample, WFP is supporting water harvestingin Sudan to decrease the impact of drought onrural livelihoods. In Tanzania, the WFP CountryProgramme is using food-for-work activitiesto create assets, such as grain stores and accessroads, in order to improve long-term food securityand decrease the vulnerability of householdsto drought.The WFP emphasis on early warning andcontingency planning includes collaborationwith the Framework Team based in New Yorkand the WFP Vulnerability and AnalysisMapping Unit (VAM). The Office of theHumanitarian Adviser (OHA) is responsiblefor coordinating the overall contingency planningprocess, while the Augmented LogisticsIntervention Team for Emergencies (ALITE)collates specific logistics-based contingencyplanning information such as logistics capacityassessments (LCAs).WFPVia C.G. Viola 68Parco dei Medici00148 Rome, ItalyTel: (+39-06) 65131Fax: (+39-06) 6513 2840E-mail: wfpinfo@wfp.orgWeb site: www.wfp.orgUnited Nations Children's Fund(UNICEF)UNICEF headquarters are based in NewYork. UNICEF has regional offices and countryoffices in 162 countries and territoriesaround the world. The UNICEF mandate toprotect and improve the well-being of the mostvulnerable groups, children and women,anywhere in the world, by definition, includesthe aspect of disaster preparedness and prevention.By supporting empowerment of communitiesat the local level and capacity-building atthe national level, UNICEF programmesenhance abilities to deal with disasters and tomitigate the negative effects of disasters. Policyand procedural guidelines for UNICEFstaff in emergencies include both emergencyresponse and preparedness/prevention activities.310
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DLiving with RiskA global review of
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Bastien Affeltranger, FranceTom Alc
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IntroductionThis is a preliminary v
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“Imagine all the people…”It w
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Eruption of Mount Agung, Bali, Indo
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Living with risk - focus on disaste
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The shift towards disaster reductio
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Taking these developments into acco
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Disaster risk reduction - a sharedr
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A disaster is a function of the ris
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Disaster risk management and reduct
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Chapter2Risk awareness and assessme
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Understanding the nature of hazards
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Risk awareness and assessment2Map-
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The figure below illustrates the fo
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Trends in disaster impactWhile no c
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Trends in hazardsUntil recently, th
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Risk awareness and assessment2Nyira
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Risk awareness and assessment2ISDR
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Risk awareness and assessment2Reduc
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Risk awareness and assessment2Wildl
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Risk awareness and assessment2Prima
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Risk awareness and assessment215 la
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dering external debts that constitu
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The identification of hazards usual
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consideration about the nature of i
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Risk awareness and assessment2Bern
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Risk awareness and assessment2THE P
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Risk awareness and assessment2The R
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Risk awareness and assessment2Ecoci
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Chapter3Policy and public commitmen
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Policy and public commitment: the f
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Policy frameworks in practiceAsiaDi
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process that emphasizes the partici
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announced the creation of the Offic
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established with necessary legislat
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Key policy proposals contained in t
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Under the mandate of the CTGC, a se
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Following recommendations, the city
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underway to upgrade the Swiss Natio
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damage to introducing means that ca
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The last earthquake to devastate Ka
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• Formulating distinctive risk re
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AfricaSouthern AfricaPolicy and pub
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y the conduct of monthly meetings d
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develop closer working relationship
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mechanisms among SAARC countries fo
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ients as unencumbered assistance. A
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able outcomes within individual Pac
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EuropeWestern EuropeResearch is one
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http://europa.eu.int/comm/environme
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ter. By working together with commu
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ing socio-economic considerations w
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Case: Central American countries,co
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experience of National Societies of
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Chapter4Building understanding: dev
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Building understanding: development
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International scope of informationT
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environmental changes, including el
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Regional initiativesRegional inform
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North AmericaThe Natural Hazards Re
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EuropeA different type of informati
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created a more readily understood c
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Technical information service conve
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ole in defining these future requir
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A second initiative to disseminate
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support, contribute to the establis
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issues, climatic uncertainty, chang
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anism that has been exploited to on
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preparedness are frequently attribu
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Institutional basis to transmit exp
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lic information must necessarily in
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information including links to many
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ized a workshop with the support of
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nication remains the local language
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In 2001, government officials, ADRC
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challengesFuture challenges and pri
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Chapter5A selection of disasterredu
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5Living with Risk: A global review
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Page 261 and 262: 5Living with Risk: A global review
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Page 340 and 341: Annexesa1Annex 1Terminology: Basic
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Annexesa2Organization of Eastern Ca
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Annexesa2South Asian Association fo
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Annexesa2Unit for Sustainable Devel
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Annexesa3Annex 3aList of ACRONYMSAC
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Annexesa3CREDCRIDCSDCSDSCSIRCSTCSWC
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GEOGESIGFMCGHIGIEWSGISGLIDESGLO-DIS
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Annexesa3mMABMADERMANDISAMARNMATEMC
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Annexesa3SARCOFSARDCSARECSBOSCF-UKS
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Annexesa4Annex 4aBibliographyAbramo
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Annexesa4eDisaster Relief. Worldwid
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Annexesa4kKent,m lRandolph. 1987. A
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Annexesa4Thompson, C. 1993. Drought
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The International Strategy for Disa
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