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Annexesa2Musokotwane Environment Resource Centre for Southern Africa (IMERCSA), ZimbabweIMERCSA is a unit established in 1994, within the Southern African Research and Documentation Centre (SARDC). IMERCSA hasbibliographic databases with more than 6,000 records on the environment and disaster management issues. Its contacts databases, whichlist individual experts and organizations involved in environment and disaster management issues in the SADC region, have a total ofabout 2,600 entries. The centre also has a public library with reading facilities for policy planners, researchers, diplomats, journalists, andothers interested in issues with a regional perspective. IMERCSA provides in- house training for young documentalists and journalists.In collaboration,with regionally-based organizations, IMERCSA also carries out training workshops mainly formenvironmental journalistsin southern Africa. Although the centre does not carry out primary research, it responds to information requests from researcherswho are involved in this activity. IMERCSA has produced several books and environmental articles, factsheets and reports on topicalenvironmental issues in the SADC region. http://www.sardc.net/imercsa/nNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), USASince its inception in 1958, NASA has accomplished many great scientific and technological feats in air and space. NASA technologyalso has been adapted for many non-aerospace uses by the private sector. NASA remains a leading force in scientific research and instimulating public interest in aerospace exploration, as well as science and technology in general. http://www.nasa.gov/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, Colorado, United StatesIt is NCAR’s mission to plan, organize, and conduct atmospheric and related research programs in collaboration with the universitiesand other institutions, to provide state-of-the-art research tools and facilities to the atmospheric sciences community, to support andenhance university atmospheric science education, and to facilitate the transfer of technology to both the public and private sectors.Created in 1960, the Center is operated by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) under a cooperative agreementwith the National Science Foundation.http://www.ncar.ucar.edu/ncar/index.htmlNational Center for Disaster Management (NCDM), New Dehli, IndiaNCDM has been established by the Government of India and located in the Indian Institute of Public Administration with the objectivesof providing training programs for senior and middle level administrative government officials which sensitize them for disastermitigation; coordinating the research activities in different aspects of disaster management at national level.National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM), Phnom Penh, CambodiaIn 1995, as a result of the country’s experience with regularly occurring disasters, the Royal Government of Cambodia establishedNCDM. Its responsibilities are defined in terms of, not only providing timely and effective emergency relief to the victims of disasters,but also developing preventive measures to reduce loss of lives and property. This is accomplished by applying scientific and technicalknowledge to mitigate disasters. www.cred.be/centre/research/ncdm.pdfNational Disaster Management Centre (NDMC), Pretoria, South AfricaIts mission is to improve knowledge, awareness and understanding of disasters, and to coordinate and facilitate Access to informationand resources in order to promote and support comprehensive, integrated and effective disaster management in South Africa.http://sandmc.pwv.gov.za/National Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Commission (DPPC), Addis Ababa, EthiopiaFormely known as the Relief and Rehabilitation Commission. It was first established in June 1974 following the outbreak of famine inthe two northern provinces of Ethiopia. In August 1995, it was re-established as the DPPC. The objectives of the Commission coverprevention, preparedness and response aspects of disaster management.National Directorate of Water (DNA), Mozambique, (Direcçao Nacional de Aguas)DNA is responsible for water policy and its implementation, strategic and integrated planning on the management of water resources aswell as water supply and sanitation services. The Directorate is a government agency working under the Ministry of Public Works andHousing. http://www.dna.mz/National Institute for Meteorology, Mozambique (INAM), (Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia)Its mission is to minimize the impacts of hydrometeorological hazards and contribute to sustainable development and the reductionof poverty. http://www.inam.gov.mz/National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), JapanAIST is an Independent Administrative Institution under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. On April, 2001, the NationalInstitute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology began operations. It comprises 15 research institutes previously under the formerAgency of Industrial Science and Technology in the Ministry of International Trade and Industry and the Weightsand Measures Training Institute. http://www.ais..t.go.jp/index_en.htmlNational Institute of Rural Development (NIRD), Hyderabad, IndiaNIRD is India’s apex body for undertaking training, research, action research and consultancy functions in the rural development sector.It works as an autonomous organization supported by the Ministry of Rural Areas and Employment, Government of India.www.nird.org357
a2Living with Risk: A global review of disaster reduction initiativesNational Emergency Management Association (NEMA), USANEMA is the professional association of state, Pacific and Caribbean insular state emergency management directors committed to providingnational leadership and expertise in comprehensive emergency management. It serves as a vital information and assistanceresource for state and territorial directors and their governors, while forging strategic partnerships to advance continuous improvementsin emergency management. http://www.nemaweb.org/index.cfmNational Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Washington DC, USANOAA’s mission is to describe and predict changes in the Earth’s environment, and conserve and wisely manage the Nation’s coastaland marine resources. NOAA’s strategy consists of seven interrelated strategic goals for environmental assessment, prediction and stewardship.http://www.noaa.gov/National Science Foundation (NSF), Washington DC, USANSF is an independent agency of the US Government, established by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950. Its mission is topromote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; and to secure the national defense.http://www.nsf.gov/National Society for Earthquake Technology (NSET), Kathmandu, NepalNSET strives to assist all communities in Nepal to become earthquake safer by developing and implementing organized approaches tomanaging and minimizing earthquake risks. http://www.nset.org.np/home.htmNatural Hazards Research and Applications Information Center, University of Colorado, Boulder,Colorado, USAThe Center is a national and international clearinghouse that provides information on natural hazards andhuman adjustments to these risks. The center’s prime goal is to increase communication amonghazard and disaster researchers and individuals, agencies, and organizations who are actively working toreduce disaster damage and suffering. The Natural Hazards Center carries out its mission in four principalareas: information dissemination, an annual workshop, research, and library services.http://www.colorado.edu/hazards/intro.htmlNuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), United StatesNRC is an independent agency established by the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 to regulate civilian use of nuclear materials.http://www.nrc.gov/who-we-are.htmloOffice Fédéral de l’Environnement, des Forêts, et du Paysage (OFEFP), Suisse (Swiss Agency for theEnvironment, Forests and Landscape, (SAEFL), Switzerland)SAEFL is the responsible federal office for environment. It is integrated into the Federal Department of Environment, Transportation,Energy and Communication. http://www.umwelt-schweiz.ch/buwal/fr/index.htmlhttp://www.umwelt-schweiz.ch/buwal/eng/index.htmlOffice for Foreign Disaster Assistance/U.S. Agency for International Development(OFDA/USAID)OFDA/USAID has been the principal US agency to extend assistance to countries recovering fromdisaster, trying to escape poverty, and engaging in democratic reforms. USAID is an independent federalgovernment agency that receives overall foreign policy guidance from the Secretary ofState. http://www.usaid.gov/hum_response/ofda/Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management (ODPEM), Kingston, JamaicaThe Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management is committed to taking pro-active and timely measures to prevent orreduce the impact of hazards in Jamaica, its people, natural resources and economy through its trained and professional staff, the use ofappropriate technology and collaborative efforts with national, regional and international agencies. http://www.odpem.org.jm/Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Paris, FranceThe OECD groups 30 member countries sharing a commitment to democratic government and the market economy. With active relationshipswith some 70 other countries, NGOs and civil society, it has a global reach. Best known for its publications and its statistics,its work covers economic and social issues from macroeconomics, to trade, education, development, science and innovation.http://www.oecd.org/Organization of American States (OAS), (Organización de Estados Americanos), Washington, DC, USAThe nations of the Americas are working more closely together than ever before –strengthening democracy, advancing human rights,promoting peace and security, expanding trade and tackling complex problems caused by poverty, drugs and corruption. Togetherthey are building a better future for the next generation. At the outset of a new century and a new millennium, the challenge is how toturn citizens’ high expectations into reality. OAS is playing a central role in working toward many of the goalsthat are shared by the countries of North, Central and South America and the Caribbean.http://www.oas.org/358
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DLiving with RiskA global review of
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Bastien Affeltranger, FranceTom Alc
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IntroductionThis is a preliminary v
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“Imagine all the people…”It w
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Eruption of Mount Agung, Bali, Indo
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Living with risk - focus on disaste
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The shift towards disaster reductio
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Taking these developments into acco
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Disaster risk reduction - a sharedr
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A disaster is a function of the ris
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Disaster risk management and reduct
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Chapter2Risk awareness and assessme
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Understanding the nature of hazards
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Risk awareness and assessment2Map-
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The figure below illustrates the fo
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Trends in disaster impactWhile no c
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Trends in hazardsUntil recently, th
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Risk awareness and assessment2Nyira
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Risk awareness and assessment2ISDR
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Risk awareness and assessment2Reduc
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Risk awareness and assessment2Wildl
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Risk awareness and assessment2Prima
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Risk awareness and assessment215 la
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dering external debts that constitu
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The identification of hazards usual
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consideration about the nature of i
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Risk awareness and assessment2Bern
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Risk awareness and assessment2THE P
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Risk awareness and assessment2The R
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Risk awareness and assessment2Ecoci
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Chapter3Policy and public commitmen
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Policy and public commitment: the f
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Policy frameworks in practiceAsiaDi
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process that emphasizes the partici
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announced the creation of the Offic
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established with necessary legislat
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Key policy proposals contained in t
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Under the mandate of the CTGC, a se
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Following recommendations, the city
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underway to upgrade the Swiss Natio
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damage to introducing means that ca
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The last earthquake to devastate Ka
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• Formulating distinctive risk re
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AfricaSouthern AfricaPolicy and pub
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y the conduct of monthly meetings d
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develop closer working relationship
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mechanisms among SAARC countries fo
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ients as unencumbered assistance. A
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able outcomes within individual Pac
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EuropeWestern EuropeResearch is one
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http://europa.eu.int/comm/environme
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ter. By working together with commu
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ing socio-economic considerations w
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Case: Central American countries,co
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experience of National Societies of
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Chapter4Building understanding: dev
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Building understanding: development
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International scope of informationT
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environmental changes, including el
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Regional initiativesRegional inform
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North AmericaThe Natural Hazards Re
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EuropeA different type of informati
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created a more readily understood c
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Technical information service conve
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ole in defining these future requir
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A second initiative to disseminate
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support, contribute to the establis
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issues, climatic uncertainty, chang
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anism that has been exploited to on
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preparedness are frequently attribu
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Institutional basis to transmit exp
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lic information must necessarily in
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information including links to many
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ized a workshop with the support of
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nication remains the local language
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In 2001, government officials, ADRC
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challengesFuture challenges and pri
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Chapter5A selection of disasterredu
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5Living with Risk: A global review
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Page 340 and 341: Annexesa1Annex 1Terminology: Basic
Page 342 and 343: Emergency management involves the p
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Page 384 and 385: Annexesa4Thompson, C. 1993. Drought
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