- Page 1 and 2:
Fourth National Incidence Studyof C
- Page 3 and 4:
Fourth National Incidence Studyof C
- Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTSChapterPageEXECUTI
- Page 7 and 8:
ChapterPage5.1.2 Differences in Mal
- Page 9 and 10:
LIST OF TABLESTablePage2-1 NIS-4 60
- Page 11 and 12:
LIST OF FIGURESFigurePage2-1 Levels
- Page 13 and 14:
Figure5-265-275-286-16-26-36-46-56-
- Page 15 and 16:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis executive sum
- Page 17 and 18:
In the NIS classifications, maltrea
- Page 19 and 20:
3. The National Incidence of Child
- Page 21 and 22:
(36%, or 302,600 children) were emo
- Page 23 and 24:
maltreatment outcomes—rates of ch
- Page 25 and 26:
details that would exclude legitima
- Page 27 and 28:
Grandparents as caregivers. The NIS
- Page 29 and 30:
males more often were abusers (62%
- Page 31 and 32:
maltreated children to enter CPS in
- Page 33 and 34:
with Harm Standard maltreatment and
- Page 35 and 36:
differences in maltreatment rates r
- Page 37 and 38:
1. INTRODUCTIONThis report presents
- Page 39 and 40:
Incorporating the TAG input, DHHS d
- Page 41 and 42:
• The NIS-4 Data Collection Repor
- Page 43:
these with the percentages that rec
- Page 46 and 47:
Rationale. Although CPS investigate
- Page 48 and 49:
eveal the maltreatment to persons i
- Page 50 and 51:
Figure 2-3.Schematic Summary of the
- Page 52 and 53:
CPS recruitment. In order to undupl
- Page 54 and 55:
format: the Sentinel data form desc
- Page 56 and 57:
3. Purposive and Avoidable Acts/Omi
- Page 58 and 59:
each child substantiated by CPS or
- Page 60 and 61:
2.6 Weighting and Estimation 14The
- Page 62 and 63:
the population. The estimated total
- Page 64 and 65:
2.8 Supplementary StudiesThe NIS pr
- Page 67 and 68:
3. INCIDENCE OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEG
- Page 69 and 70:
3.1.1 Overall Incidence of Harm Sta
- Page 71 and 72:
3.1.2 Incidence of Harm Standard Ab
- Page 73 and 74:
children represent 58% of all child
- Page 75 and 76:
From inadequate supervision to the
- Page 77 and 78:
3.1.5 Severity of Outcomes from Har
- Page 79 and 80:
interpreted as less serious than mo
- Page 81 and 82:
considered to be endangered by thei
- Page 83 and 84:
totals represent national incidence
- Page 85 and 86:
Changes since 1986 in the incidence
- Page 87 and 88:
The NIS-3 found significant increas
- Page 89 and 90:
Moderate harm. Moderate harm due to
- Page 91 and 92:
4. DISTRIBUTION OF ABUSE AND NEGLEC
- Page 93 and 94:
Sexual Abuse. Girls experienced Har
- Page 95 and 96:
Table 4-2. Sex Differences in Incid
- Page 97 and 98:
4.2 Age Differences in the Incidenc
- Page 99 and 100:
Figure 4-4.Age Differences in Incid
- Page 101 and 102:
graph shows, the incidence rate for
- Page 103 and 104:
4.2.2 Age Differences in Endangerme
- Page 105 and 106:
Physical abuse. The incidence of En
- Page 107 and 108:
Figure 4-11.Age Differences in the
- Page 109 and 110:
Figure 4-12.Percent Changes since t
- Page 111 and 112:
Endangered. Chapter 3 reported that
- Page 113 and 114:
significantly higher than that for
- Page 115 and 116:
Changes since the NIS-3 in Rates of
- Page 117 and 118:
Overall Endangerment Standard Maltr
- Page 119 and 120:
Changes since the NIS-3 in Rates of
- Page 121 and 122:
4.4.1 Differences in Harm Standard
- Page 123 and 124:
Table 4-6. Differences Related to C
- Page 125 and 126:
Thus, the incidence rate for childr
- Page 127 and 128:
Overall Harm Standard MaltreatmentS
- Page 129 and 130:
Table 4-8. Differences Related to C
- Page 131:
Endangerment Standard maltreatment,
- Page 134 and 135:
5.1 Differences in the Incidence of
- Page 136 and 137:
more than 2 times the rate for chil
- Page 138 and 139:
inferring that they were harmed. Th
- Page 140 and 141:
Specific Categories of Endangerment
- Page 142 and 143:
Endangered. The estimated incidence
- Page 144 and 145:
families. The incidence rate for ch
- Page 146 and 147:
Educational neglect. Children in fa
- Page 148 and 149:
The incidence rate of Endangerment
- Page 150 and 151:
Endangered. Children in families of
- Page 152 and 153:
Figure 5-1.Incidence of Harm Standa
- Page 154 and 155:
Figure 5-2.Incidence of Harm Standa
- Page 156 and 157:
higher, the rate for children whose
- Page 158 and 159:
maltreatment at a reliably higher r
- Page 160 and 161:
Figure 5-6.Percent Changes since NI
- Page 162 and 163:
5.3.2 Differences in the Incidence
- Page 164 and 165:
Specific Categories of Endangerment
- Page 166 and 167:
Figure 5-11.Incidence of Endangerme
- Page 168 and 169:
living with a single parent who had
- Page 170 and 171:
oth parents showed much smaller cha
- Page 172 and 173:
child’s primary caregiver, when t
- Page 174 and 175:
Table 5-6. Differences in Incidence
- Page 176 and 177:
in households with two children), a
- Page 178 and 179: per 1,000). Also, the rate of moder
- Page 180 and 181: two children, 1.7 times the rate fo
- Page 182 and 183: Emotional abuse. The incidence of E
- Page 184 and 185: Endangered. The estimated incidence
- Page 186 and 187: Figure 5-23.Incidence of Harm Stand
- Page 188 and 189: 5.6.2 Differences in Endangerment S
- Page 190 and 191: were 1.5 times more likely to be ph
- Page 192 and 193: Moderate harm. Children residing in
- Page 194 and 195: Second, because multiple persons so
- Page 196 and 197: hierarchy comprises other adults kn
- Page 198 and 199: Table 6-2 also reveals a marked dif
- Page 200 and 201: with the fact that mothers tend to
- Page 202 and 203: Table 6-4. Perpetrator's Sex by Sev
- Page 204 and 205: perpetrator relationship, with the
- Page 206 and 207: earlier (Chapter 4) and did not var
- Page 208 and 209: perpetrator’s alcohol use was a f
- Page 210 and 211: More of the moderately harmed child
- Page 213 and 214: 7. RECOGNIZING ABUSED AND NEGLECTED
- Page 215 and 216: classification hierarchy. If more t
- Page 217 and 218: neglected. That is, when school sen
- Page 219 and 220: NIS-4 estimates and rates per 1,000
- Page 221 and 222: largest contributor in this sector,
- Page 223 and 224: schools and social services agencie
- Page 225 and 226: maltreatment situations only to CPS
- Page 227: that influence sentinels’ respons
- Page 231 and 232: eported the child to CPS or because
- Page 233 and 234: ased on the most serious harm they
- Page 235 and 236: Less than one-third of the children
- Page 237 and 238: Figure 8-5 shows that CPS investiga
- Page 239 and 240: As Chapter 7 described (§7.1.1), t
- Page 241 and 242: NIS-4, a significant increase. By c
- Page 243 and 244: Figure 8-9.CPS Investigation of Mal
- Page 245 and 246: Figure 8-10.Changes in Investigatio
- Page 247 and 248: ate is still marginally lower than
- Page 249 and 250: Sentinels in only three non-investi
- Page 251 and 252: 8.2 Investigation Rates with an Ext
- Page 253 and 254: screened these children in for CPS
- Page 255 and 256: emaining children include those who
- Page 257 and 258: As reported at the outset of this c
- Page 259 and 260: Figure 8-16.Uninvestigated Maltreat
- Page 261 and 262: Similar to the patterns for the mor
- Page 263 and 264: neglect, and educational neglect. E
- Page 265 and 266: Table 8-4. CPS Investigation Rates
- Page 267 and 268: maltreatment situations that NIS cl
- Page 269 and 270: 8.5.3 Sentinels’ Expectations Abo
- Page 271: Finally, the fact that an overall a
- Page 274 and 275: emotional neglect incidence may pre
- Page 276 and 277: suspected maltreatment. Also, child
- Page 278 and 279:
Landis, R.J., Lepkowski, J.M, Eklun
- Page 280 and 281:
Administration on Children, Youth a
- Page 282 and 283:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Eco
- Page 284 and 285:
OVERVIEW The fourth National Incide
- Page 286 and 287:
SAMPLES The NIS target population i
- Page 288 and 289:
Sentinel agencies. Sentinel agency
- Page 290 and 291:
Table A-1. Definitions of Eligible
- Page 292 and 293:
From September 2004 through Septemb
- Page 294 and 295:
with larger weights are those in sm
- Page 296 and 297:
Table A-3. Sentinel Agency Particip
- Page 298 and 299:
The NIS-4 used three primary data c
- Page 300 and 301:
EVALUATIVE CODING The purpose of ev
- Page 302 and 303:
Table A-6. NIS-4 60-form Typology f
- Page 304 and 305:
Evaluative coding statistics. The e
- Page 306 and 307:
UNDUPLICATION NIS provides estimate
- Page 308 and 309:
Table A-11. Unduplication Results f
- Page 310 and 311:
Second, population adjustment facto
- Page 312 and 313:
CPS STRUCTURE AND PRACTICES MAIL SU
- Page 314 and 315:
The survey achieved a 98 percent re
- Page 316 and 317:
• assign the case for agency asse
- Page 318 and 319:
coder independently processed 429 c
- Page 320 and 321:
strategy, additional follow-up ques
- Page 322 and 323:
Appendix B Harm Standard Estimates
- Page 324 and 325:
TABLE B-3.SEX BY CATEGORIES OF MALT
- Page 326 and 327:
TABLE B-4. (Continued)AGE CLASS = 6
- Page 328 and 329:
TABLE B-5.RACE/ETHNICITY BY CATEGOR
- Page 330 and 331:
TABLE B-6. (Continued)NCHILDR = 2 C
- Page 332 and 333:
TABLE B-7. (Continued)METROSTATUS =
- Page 334 and 335:
TABLE B-8. (Continued)CLASS = INVES
- Page 336 and 337:
TABLE B-9.PROPORTION OF HARM STANDA
- Page 338 and 339:
TABLE B-10. (Continued)FAMILY STRUC
- Page 340 and 341:
TABLE B-11.FAMILY STRUCTURE BY CATE
- Page 342 and 343:
TABLE B-12. (Continued)SOCIOECONOMI
- Page 344 and 345:
TABLE B-14.GRANDPARENTS AS CAREGIVE
- Page 346 and 347:
TABLE C-1.CATEGORIES OF MALTREATMEN
- Page 348 and 349:
TABLE C-4.AGE BY CATEGORIES OF MALT
- Page 350 and 351:
TABLE C-4. (Continued)AGE CLASS = 1
- Page 352 and 353:
TABLE C-5. (Continued)RACE/ETHNICIT
- Page 354 and 355:
TABLE C-6. (Continued)NCHILDR = 4 O
- Page 356 and 357:
TABLE C-8.CHILDREN COUNTABLE UNDER
- Page 358 and 359:
TABLE C-8. (Continued)CLASS = NOT I
- Page 360 and 361:
TABLE C-10.FAMILY STRUCTURE AND PAR
- Page 362 and 363:
TABLE C-10. (Continued)FAMILY STRUC
- Page 364 and 365:
TABLE C-11. (Continued)FAMILY STRUC
- Page 366 and 367:
TABLE C-13. (Continued)PARENTS' EMP
- Page 368 and 369:
Appendix D Comparisons of Subgroups
- Page 370 and 371:
Table D-1. T-statistics for sex dif
- Page 372 and 373:
Table D-3. ContinuedAge 3-5 vs 6-8
- Page 374 and 375:
Table D-3. ContinuedAge 12-14 vs 15
- Page 376 and 377:
Table D-4. ContinuedAge 3-5 vs 15-1
- Page 378 and 379:
Table D-5. T-statistics for racial/
- Page 380 and 381:
Table D-7. T-statistics for parent'
- Page 382 and 383:
Table D-9. T-statistics for family
- Page 384 and 385:
Table D-11. ContinuedOther Married
- Page 386 and 387:
Table D-11. ContinuedSingle Parent,
- Page 388 and 389:
Table D-12. ContinuedOther Married
- Page 390 and 391:
Table D-13. T-statistics for grandp
- Page 392 and 393:
Table D-15. ContinuedTwo Children v
- Page 394 and 395:
Table D-16. ContinuedTwo Children v
- Page 396 and 397:
Table D-18. T-statistics for metros
- Page 398 and 399:
Table D-20. Chi-squared Results for
- Page 400 and 401:
Table D-22. Chi-squared Results for
- Page 402 and 403:
Table D-24. Chi-squared Results for
- Page 404 and 405:
Appendix E Comparisons Between the
- Page 406 and 407:
specific characteristics used the R
- Page 408 and 409:
Table E-2a. T-statistics for compar
- Page 410 and 411:
Table E-3. (Continued)Emotional Abu
- Page 412 and 413:
Table E-3. (Continued)Severity, Inf
- Page 414 and 415:
Table E-4. (Continued)Educational N
- Page 416 and 417:
Table E-5. (Continued)Physical Abus
- Page 418 and 419:
Table E-5. (Continued)Severity, Ser
- Page 420 and 421:
Table E-6. (Continued)Sexual AbuseO
- Page 422 and 423:
Table E-6. (Continued)Severity, Mod
- Page 424 and 425:
Table E-7. (Continued)Emotional Abu
- Page 426 and 427:
Table E-7. (Continued)Severity, Inf
- Page 428 and 429:
Table E-8. (Continued)Educational N
- Page 430 and 431:
Table E-9. Chi-squared tables for s
- Page 432 and 433:
Table E-9. (Continued)Emotional Neg
- Page 434 and 435:
Table E-10. Chi-squared tables for
- Page 436 and 437:
Table E-10. (Continued)Emotional Ne
- Page 438 and 439:
Table E-11. Chi-squared tables for
- Page 440 and 441:
Table E.11. (Continued)Emotional Ne
- Page 442 and 443:
Table E-12. Chi-squared tables for
- Page 444 and 445:
Table E-12. (Continued)Emotional Ne
- Page 446 and 447:
Table E-13. Chi-squared tables for
- Page 448 and 449:
Table E-13. (Continued)Emotional Ne
- Page 450 and 451:
Table E-14. Chi-squared tables for
- Page 452 and 453:
Table E-14. (Continued)Emotional Ne
- Page 454 and 455:
Table E-15. T-statistics for Source