Grasslands of the World.pdf - Disasters and Conflicts - UNEP

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RASHN Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences RCE regional centre of endemism SAGPyA Secretaría de Agricultura Ganadería, Pesca y Alimentos, (Argentina) SETCIP Secretaría de Ciencía, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva Sovkhozy state-operated agricultural estate in the former USSR for specialized large-scale production SP secondary production SPOT Satellite probatoire d’observation de la Terre (Experimental Earth Observation System) SPUR2 Simulation of Production and Utilization of Rangelands (software) sum Mongolian administrative unit, below aimag transhumance pastoral systems where people with their animals move between distinct seasonal pastures, usually at considerable distance or altitude from each other tugrik or togrog Mongolian national currency UFRGS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Federal University of Rio Grande del Sul, Brazil] UNEP United Nations Environment Programme USGS/EDC United States Geological Survey/EROS Data Center UVB ultraviolet B veldt extensive grasslands in South Africa WWF World Wide Fund for Nature zud climatic disaster that affects livestock – usually deep frozen snow which denies access to grazing, but may be lack of snow to drink, unusual cold, or drought (Mongolian) xxi
Figure 1.1 Extent of the world’s grasslands. xxii
Page 3 and 4: The views expressed in this publica
Page 5 and 6: iv Bush encroachment 60 Rehabilitat
Page 7 and 8: vi Grazing management 139 Sheep man
Page 9 and 10: viii Grazing lands, pasture and fod
Page 11 and 12: x Future 374 References 374 Chapter
Page 13 and 14: xii Herd management 474 Stocking ra
Page 15 and 16: xiv and environmental factors. Rese
Page 17 and 18: xvi or copied without her permissio
Page 19 and 20: xviii Glossary of technical terms a
Page 21: xx IUCN The World Conservation Unio
Page 25 and 26: 2 Plate 1.2 Mosaic of cultivated cr
Page 27 and 28: 4 Plate 1.4 Horse herd on grassland
Page 29 and 30: 6 Grasslands of the world Plate 1.8
Page 31 and 32: 8 Grasslands of the world Plate 1.1
Page 33 and 34: 10 Grasslands of the world Plate 1.
Page 37 and 38: 14 Grasslands of the world century.
Page 39 and 40: The above coverage leaves some obvi
Page 41 and 42: 18 Grasslands of the world Riveros,
Page 43 and 44: 20 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Chad Cent
Page 49 and 50: 26 Plate 2.2 Large non-ruminant her
Page 57 and 58: 34 Grasslands of the world low pala
Page 59 and 60: 36 Grasslands of the world is impor
Page 61 and 62: 38 Grasslands of the world recently
Page 63 and 64: 40 Grasslands of the world degradat
Page 65 and 66: 42 Grasslands of the world leasehol
Page 67 and 68: 44 Grasslands of the world However,
Page 69 and 70: 46 Grasslands of the world technolo
Page 71 and 72: 48 Grasslands of the world subsiste
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50 Grasslands of the world able to
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52 Grasslands of the world Plate 2.
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54 Grasslands of the world tall veg
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56 Grasslands of the world with wil
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58 Grasslands of the world fragment
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60 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Chad Cent
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62 Grasslands of the world Reseedin
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64 Grasslands of the world last to
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66 Grasslands of the world Bourn, D
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68 Grasslands of the world Ellis, J
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70 Grasslands of the world the Euro
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72 Grasslands of the world Niamir,
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74 Grasslands of the world Schlesin
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76 Grasslands of the world Wilen, C
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78 Grasslands of the world INTRODUC
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80 Figure 3.2 The extent of grassla
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84 Grasslands of the world Figure 3
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86 Grasslands of the world PEOPLE H
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88 Grasslands of the world The gras
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90 Grasslands of the world Here, la
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92 Grasslands of the world crop res
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94 Grasslands of the world Grasslan
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98 Grasslands of the world These gr
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100 Grasslands of the world high fl
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102 Grasslands of the world product
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104 Grasslands of the world Figure
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106 Plate 3.5 Foggage Kikuyu for wi
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108 Grasslands of the world Plate 3
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110 Grasslands of the world zation
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112 Grasslands of the world imagery
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114 Grasslands of the world Kalahar
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116 Grasslands of the world impleme
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118 Grasslands of the world Grossma
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120 Grasslands of the world Trollop
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122 Grasslands of the world farming
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124 ��
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126 Sheep numbers (millions) 20 15
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128 28 6 8 58 Title deed Legal occu
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130 Grasslands of the world into eq
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132 Figure 4.5 Biozones of Patagoni
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134 Grasslands of the world Semi-de
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136 Plate 4.3 A shrub steppe in the
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138 Grasslands of the world 2001).
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140 Grasslands of the world SHEEP M
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142 Grasslands of the world Patagon
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144 Grasslands of the world scarcit
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146 Grasslands of the world (Cavagn
Page 171 and 172:
148 Grasslands of the world the gen
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150 Grasslands of the world In 1989
Page 175 and 176:
152 TABLE 4.4 Complexity levels of
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154 Grasslands of the world could b
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156 Grasslands of the world of nort
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158 Grasslands of the world Bottini
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160 Grasslands of the world Reunió
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162 Grasslands of the world Ecolog
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164 Grasslands of the world Mainwar
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166 Grasslands of the world Oliva,
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168 Grasslands of the world Sain, C
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170 Grasslands of the world austral
Page 195 and 196:
172 Figure 5.1 The Campos region of
Page 197 and 198:
174 Grasslands of the world bezoart
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176 Grasslands of the world On the
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178 Grasslands of the world Product
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180 Grasslands of the world Some sp
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182 Plate 5.1 Landscape in the Sier
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186 Grasslands of the world Salt de
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188 Grasslands of the world TABLE 5
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190 Grasslands of the world soils d
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192 (c) Grassland with Melica macra
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Page 219 and 220:
196 Figure 5.3 Forage offer (FO ) a
Page 221 and 222:
198 Grasslands of the world which a
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200 Grasslands of the world Fertili
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202 Grasslands of the world their c
Page 227 and 228:
204 Grasslands of the world Paspalu
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Page 231 and 232:
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210 Grasslands of the world Researc
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212 Grasslands of the world It is n
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214 Grasslands of the world Subtrop
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216 Grasslands of the world (Argent
Page 241 and 242:
218 Grasslands of the world para Ba
Page 243 and 244:
Grasslands of central North America
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REX PIEPER REX PIEPER Grasslands of
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
S.G. REYNOLDS Grasslands of central
Page 251 and 252:
MAE ELSINGER DUANE McCARTNEY Grassl
Page 253 and 254:
JEFF PRINTZ, USDA-NRCS JEFF PRINTZ,
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S.G. REYNOLDS DUANE McCARTNEY Grass
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MAE ELSINGER Grasslands of central
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Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
S.G. REYNOLDS Grasslands of central
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Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
266 Figure 7.1 Map of Mongolia . Pl
Page 289 and 290:
268 TABLE 7.1 Land resources of Mon
Page 291 and 292:
270 TABLE 7.3 Projected total popul
Page 293 and 294:
272 Plate 7.5 Wheat was once grown
Page 295 and 296:
274 Grasslands of the world made of
Page 297 and 298:
276 Grasslands of the world four ho
Page 299 and 300:
278 Plate 7.9 Saddle horses on hitc
Page 301 and 302:
280 TABLE 7.5 Haymaking by producer
Page 303 and 304:
282 Plate 7.11 Meadow grazing - Ark
Page 305 and 306:
284 Grasslands of the world croppin
Page 307 and 308:
286 TABLE 7.10 Evolution of stock n
Page 309 and 310:
288 Plate 7.14 Polled yak in autumn
Page 311 and 312:
290 Figure 7.3 Evolution of stock u
Page 313 and 314:
292 Grasslands of the world of this
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
296 Grasslands of the world can go
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298 Grasslands of the world arable
Page 321 and 322:
300 Grasslands of the world regulat
Page 323 and 324:
302 Grasslands of the world systems
Page 325 and 326:
304 Grasslands of the world Suttie,
Page 327 and 328:
306 Grasslands of the world Figure
Page 329 and 330:
308 Plate 8.3 Harvested wheat in th
Page 331 and 332:
310 Grasslands of the world Tang. T
Page 333 and 334:
312 TABLE 8.1 Grassland types of th
Page 335 and 336:
314 Plate 8.5 Poa alpina . Plate 8.
Page 337 and 338:
316 Grasslands of the world precipi
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
320 Grasslands of the world of the
Page 343 and 344:
322 Plate 8.11 Kokonor camp with th
Page 345 and 346:
324 Plate 8.14 Milk collection. Pla
Page 347 and 348:
326 Grasslands of the world The num
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328 Grasslands of the world part of
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Page 353 and 354:
332 Grasslands of the world 340 000
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334 Plate 8.20 Longri summer camp.
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336 Grasslands of the world There i
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338 Grasslands of the world Clarke,
Page 361 and 362:
340 Grasslands of the world Kush-Hi
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342 Grasslands of the world William
Page 365 and 366:
344 Grasslands of the world grazing
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346 Grasslands of the world Growing
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348 Grasslands of the world that co
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350 Grasslands of the world cessati
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352 Grasslands of the world This zo
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354 Figure 9.2 Natural vegetation z
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356 Grasslands of the world or loam
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358 Grasslands of the world after r
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360 6 000 4 000 2 000 0 (a) Queensl
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362 Grasslands of the world Tropica
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364 Grasslands of the world AVAILAB
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Page 389 and 390:
368 Grasslands of the world from th
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370 Grasslands of the world grassla
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Page 395 and 396:
374 Grasslands of the world FUTURE
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376 Grasslands of the world Hall, T
Page 399 and 400:
378 Grasslands of the world Martin,
Page 401 and 402:
380 Grasslands of the world Wilson,
Page 403 and 404:
382 Figure 10.1 Extent of grassland
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384 Grasslands of the world with su
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386 Grasslands of the world was to
Page 409 and 410:
388 Plate 10.1 Agropyron pectinifor
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390 Plate 10.3 Festuca sulcata Gras
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392 Grasslands of the world The FSU
Page 415 and 416:
394 Grasslands of the world thinkin
Page 417 and 418:
396 TABLE 10.4 Climate data of the
Page 419 and 420:
398 Plate 10.5 Kochia prostrata Pla
Page 421 and 422:
400 Plate 10.7 Forest -steppe with
Page 423 and 424:
402 Grasslands of the world Young f
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404 Plate 10.9 Poa bulbosa. Grassla
Page 427 and 428:
406 Grasslands of the world shade-l
Page 429 and 430:
408 Grasslands of the world Physica
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410 Grasslands of the world Mikheev
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412 Grasslands of the world it was
Page 435 and 436:
414 Grasslands of the world of grou
Page 437 and 438:
416 Grasslands of the world Vil’y
Page 439 and 440:
418 Plate 11.1 Trifolium fragiferum
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420 Plate 11.2 Millet, a major crop
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
424 Grasslands of the world sudania
Page 447 and 448:
426 Grasslands of the world perenni
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428 Plate 11.8 Park grasslands in N
Page 451 and 452:
430 Grasslands of the world In Para
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432 Plate 11.10b A grassland domina
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434 Grasslands of the world the nor
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436 Grasslands of the world remaini
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438 Plate 11.15 Small ruminants on
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440 Plate 11.19 Qinghai - motorcycl
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442 Plate 11.21 Leymus chinensis .
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444 Plate 11.22 The Himalaya -Hindu
Page 467 and 468:
446 Plate 11.24 Transhumant Kuchi f
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448 Grasslands of the world grazing
Page 471 and 472:
450 Plate 11.27 Delivering fodder t
Page 473 and 474:
452 Plate 11.29 Syrian rangeland ha
Page 475 and 476:
454 Grasslands of the world tains.
Page 477 and 478:
456 Grasslands of the world Turkey
Page 479 and 480:
458 Plate 11.31 Sainfoin (Onobrychi
Page 481 and 482:
460 Grasslands of the world Gintzbu
Page 483 and 484:
Grassland perspectives 463 Chapter
Page 485 and 486:
Grassland perspectives 465 as well
Page 487 and 488:
ALICE CARLONI ALICE CARLONI Grassla
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Grassland perspectives 469 The gras
Page 491 and 492:
Grassland perspectives 471 Trees an
Page 493 and 494:
Grassland perspectives 473 is lost.
Page 495 and 496:
Grassland perspectives 475 breeding
Page 497 and 498:
Grassland perspectives 477 traditio
Page 499 and 500:
Grassland perspectives 479 the numb
Page 501 and 502:
Grassland perspectives 481 to sown
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S.G. REYNOLDS SARDI Grassland persp
Page 505 and 506:
MAGNUS HALLING SARDI Grassland pers
Page 507 and 508:
Grassland perspectives 487 fencing
Page 509 and 510:
MARZIO MARZOT Grassland perspective
Page 511 and 512:
S.G. REYNOLDS Grassland perspective
Page 513 and 514:
Grassland perspectives 493 extremel
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Index 495 A Acacia spp. 31, 34, 36,
Page 517 and 518:
Index 497 B Baccharis spp. 175, 182
Page 519 and 520:
Index 499 Chamaecrista spp. 199, 37
Page 521 and 522:
Index 501 ciliatum 199 elegans 199
Page 523 and 524:
Index 503 fl echillares 176, 177 fl
Page 525 and 526:
Index 505 I Imperata spp. 3, 442, 4
Page 527 and 528:
Index 507 sheep 288, 323, 326, 330
Page 529 and 530:
Index 509 Poa spp. 133, 134, 135, 1
Page 531 and 532:
Index 511 Sheep 14, 15, 38, 39, 84,
Page 533 and 534:
Index 513 Tiller density 204 Touris
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