Grasslands of the World.pdf - Disasters and Conflicts - UNEP

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The Russian Steppe 415 Gilmanov, T.G., Parton, W.J. & Ojima, D.S. 1997. Testing the “Century” ecosystem level model on data sets from eight grassland sites in the former USSR representing a wide climatic/soil gradient. Ecological Modelling, 96: 191–210. Klimentyev A.I. & Tikhonov, V. Y. 1995. Estimate of erosion losses of organic matter in soils of the steppe zone of the southern Urals. Eurasian Soil Science, 27(6): 83–92. Larin, I.V. 1956. Lugovodstvo i pastbishchnoe khozyaistvo [Grassland husbandry]. Leningrad and Moscow, Russia : Selkhozgiz. Mamin, V.F. & Savel’eva, L.F. 1986. Limani - kladowie kormow [Limans’ fodder resource]. Nizhne-Volzhskoye knizhnoye Izdatel’stwo, Volgograd, Russia . ‘t Mannetje, L. & Jones, R.M. (eds). 2000. Field and laboratory methods for grassland and animal production research. Wallingford, UK: CABI. Maslov, B.S. 1999. Otcherki po istorii melioratsii w Rossii [Essays on melioration history in Russia ]. Moscow, Russia: GU ZNTI “Meliowodinform”. Mikheev, V.A. & Musatova, K.M. 1940. Poverkhnostnoe uluchshenie tipchakovomyatlikovogo pastbishcha [Surface improvement of a “tipchak” meadow grass pasture ]. Trudy Bashkir op. st. shivotn, 1. Olikova, I.S. & Sycheva, S.A. 1996. Water regime of virgin chernozems in the central Russian upland and its changes. Eurasian Soil Science, 29(5): 582–590. Phillips, J.F.V. 1929. Some important vegetation communities in the Central Province of Tanganyika Territory. South Africa n Journal of Science, 26: 332– 372. Rabotnov, T.A. 1969. Plant regeneration from seed in meadows of the USSR. Herbage Abstracts (Review Article), 39(4): 28. Ramenskii, L.G. 1938. Vvedenie v kompleksnoe pochvenno-geobotanicheskoe issledovanie zemel’ [Introduction to the Complex Soil and geobotanical Investigation of Lands]. Moscow, Russia : Selkhozgiz. Shennikov, A.P. 1941. Lugovedenie [Grassland science]., Leningrad, Russia : Izd. LGU. Shennikov, A.P. 1950. Ekologiya Rastenii [Plant ecology]. Moscow, Russia : Sovetskaya Nauka. Smurygin, M.A. 1974. Basic trends of grassland research in the USSR. pp. 76-88, in: Proceedings of the 12th International Grassland Congress. Moscow, Russia, 11–24 June 1974. Sorokina, V.A. 1955. Some results of applying the methods of L.G. Ramenskii. Herbage Abstracts (Review Article), 25(4): 209–218. Sukachev, V.N. 1945. Biogeotsenologiya i fitotsenologiya [Biogeocoenology and phytocoenology]. Doklady An SSSR, 47. Vershinin, L.G. 1954. Sroki senokosheniya na zalivnykh lugakh nizov’ev Eniseya [Times of haymaking on flood meadow s of the lower reaches of the Yenisey]. Leningrad, Russia : Selkhozgiz. Vil’yams, V.R. 1922. Estestwenno-nauchnye osnowy lugowodstwa, ili lugowedeniye [Natural and Historical Fundamentals of Grassland Husbandry]. Moscow, Russia : ”Nowaya Derewnya”.
416 Grasslands of the world Vil’yams, V.R. 1951. Izbrannie sotchineniya po woprosam bor’bi c zasuchoi.”Klassiki russkoi agronomii w bor’be s zasuchoi” [Classics of Russian agronomy in combating drought ]. Moscow, Russia : Izdatel’stwo Academii Nauk SSSR. Whyte, R.O. 1974. Tropical Grazing Lands. Communities and Constituent Species. The Hague, The Netherlands: W. Junk.
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The views expressed in this publica
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iv Bush encroachment 60 Rehabilitat
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vi Grazing management 139 Sheep man
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viii Grazing lands, pasture and fod
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x Future 374 References 374 Chapter
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xii Herd management 474 Stocking ra
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xiv and environmental factors. Rese
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xvi or copied without her permissio
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xviii Glossary of technical terms a
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xx IUCN The World Conservation Unio
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Figure 1.1 Extent of the world’s
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2 Plate 1.2 Mosaic of cultivated cr
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4 Plate 1.4 Horse herd on grassland
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6 Grasslands of the world Plate 1.8
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8 Grasslands of the world Plate 1.1
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10 Grasslands of the world Plate 1.
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14 Grasslands of the world century.
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The above coverage leaves some obvi
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18 Grasslands of the world Riveros,
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20 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Chad Cent
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26 Plate 2.2 Large non-ruminant her
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34 Grasslands of the world low pala
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36 Grasslands of the world is impor
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38 Grasslands of the world recently
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40 Grasslands of the world degradat
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42 Grasslands of the world leasehol
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44 Grasslands of the world However,
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46 Grasslands of the world technolo
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48 Grasslands of the world subsiste
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50 Grasslands of the world able to
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54 Grasslands of the world tall veg
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56 Grasslands of the world with wil
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58 Grasslands of the world fragment
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62 Grasslands of the world Reseedin
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64 Grasslands of the world last to
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66 Grasslands of the world Bourn, D
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68 Grasslands of the world Ellis, J
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70 Grasslands of the world the Euro
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72 Grasslands of the world Niamir,
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74 Grasslands of the world Schlesin
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76 Grasslands of the world Wilen, C
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78 Grasslands of the world INTRODUC
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80 Figure 3.2 The extent of grassla
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84 Grasslands of the world Figure 3
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86 Grasslands of the world PEOPLE H
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88 Grasslands of the world The gras
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90 Grasslands of the world Here, la
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92 Grasslands of the world crop res
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94 Grasslands of the world Grasslan
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98 Grasslands of the world These gr
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100 Grasslands of the world high fl
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102 Grasslands of the world product
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104 Grasslands of the world Figure
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106 Plate 3.5 Foggage Kikuyu for wi
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108 Grasslands of the world Plate 3
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110 Grasslands of the world zation
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112 Grasslands of the world imagery
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114 Grasslands of the world Kalahar
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116 Grasslands of the world impleme
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118 Grasslands of the world Grossma
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120 Grasslands of the world Trollop
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122 Grasslands of the world farming
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124 ��
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126 Sheep numbers (millions) 20 15
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128 28 6 8 58 Title deed Legal occu
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130 Grasslands of the world into eq
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132 Figure 4.5 Biozones of Patagoni
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134 Grasslands of the world Semi-de
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136 Plate 4.3 A shrub steppe in the
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138 Grasslands of the world 2001).
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140 Grasslands of the world SHEEP M
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142 Grasslands of the world Patagon
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144 Grasslands of the world scarcit
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146 Grasslands of the world (Cavagn
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148 Grasslands of the world the gen
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150 Grasslands of the world In 1989
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152 TABLE 4.4 Complexity levels of
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154 Grasslands of the world could b
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156 Grasslands of the world of nort
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158 Grasslands of the world Bottini
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160 Grasslands of the world Reunió
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162 Grasslands of the world Ecolog
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164 Grasslands of the world Mainwar
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166 Grasslands of the world Oliva,
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168 Grasslands of the world Sain, C
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170 Grasslands of the world austral
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172 Figure 5.1 The Campos region of
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174 Grasslands of the world bezoart
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176 Grasslands of the world On the
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178 Grasslands of the world Product
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180 Grasslands of the world Some sp
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182 Plate 5.1 Landscape in the Sier
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186 Grasslands of the world Salt de
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188 Grasslands of the world TABLE 5
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190 Grasslands of the world soils d
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192 (c) Grassland with Melica macra
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196 Figure 5.3 Forage offer (FO ) a
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198 Grasslands of the world which a
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200 Grasslands of the world Fertili
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202 Grasslands of the world their c
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204 Grasslands of the world Paspalu
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210 Grasslands of the world Researc
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212 Grasslands of the world It is n
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214 Grasslands of the world Subtrop
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216 Grasslands of the world (Argent
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218 Grasslands of the world para Ba
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Grasslands of central North America
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REX PIEPER REX PIEPER Grasslands of
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S.G. REYNOLDS Grasslands of central
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MAE ELSINGER DUANE McCARTNEY Grassl
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JEFF PRINTZ, USDA-NRCS JEFF PRINTZ,
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S.G. REYNOLDS DUANE McCARTNEY Grass
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MAE ELSINGER Grasslands of central
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S.G. REYNOLDS Grasslands of central
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266 Figure 7.1 Map of Mongolia . Pl
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268 TABLE 7.1 Land resources of Mon
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270 TABLE 7.3 Projected total popul
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272 Plate 7.5 Wheat was once grown
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274 Grasslands of the world made of
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276 Grasslands of the world four ho
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278 Plate 7.9 Saddle horses on hitc
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280 TABLE 7.5 Haymaking by producer
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282 Plate 7.11 Meadow grazing - Ark
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284 Grasslands of the world croppin
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286 TABLE 7.10 Evolution of stock n
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288 Plate 7.14 Polled yak in autumn
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290 Figure 7.3 Evolution of stock u
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292 Grasslands of the world of this
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296 Grasslands of the world can go
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298 Grasslands of the world arable
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300 Grasslands of the world regulat
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302 Grasslands of the world systems
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304 Grasslands of the world Suttie,
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306 Grasslands of the world Figure
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308 Plate 8.3 Harvested wheat in th
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310 Grasslands of the world Tang. T
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312 TABLE 8.1 Grassland types of th
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314 Plate 8.5 Poa alpina . Plate 8.
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316 Grasslands of the world precipi
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320 Grasslands of the world of the
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322 Plate 8.11 Kokonor camp with th
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324 Plate 8.14 Milk collection. Pla
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326 Grasslands of the world The num
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328 Grasslands of the world part of
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332 Grasslands of the world 340 000
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334 Plate 8.20 Longri summer camp.
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336 Grasslands of the world There i
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338 Grasslands of the world Clarke,
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340 Grasslands of the world Kush-Hi
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342 Grasslands of the world William
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344 Grasslands of the world grazing
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346 Grasslands of the world Growing
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348 Grasslands of the world that co
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350 Grasslands of the world cessati
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352 Grasslands of the world This zo
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354 Figure 9.2 Natural vegetation z
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356 Grasslands of the world or loam
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358 Grasslands of the world after r
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360 6 000 4 000 2 000 0 (a) Queensl
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362 Grasslands of the world Tropica
Page 385 and 386: 364 Grasslands of the world AVAILAB
Page 387 and 388: 366 Grasslands of the world Plate 9
Page 389 and 390: 368 Grasslands of the world from th
Page 391 and 392: 370 Grasslands of the world grassla
Page 395 and 396: 374 Grasslands of the world FUTURE
Page 397 and 398: 376 Grasslands of the world Hall, T
Page 399 and 400: 378 Grasslands of the world Martin,
Page 401 and 402: 380 Grasslands of the world Wilson,
Page 403 and 404: 382 Figure 10.1 Extent of grassland
Page 405 and 406: 384 Grasslands of the world with su
Page 407 and 408: 386 Grasslands of the world was to
Page 409 and 410: 388 Plate 10.1 Agropyron pectinifor
Page 411 and 412: 390 Plate 10.3 Festuca sulcata Gras
Page 413 and 414: 392 Grasslands of the world The FSU
Page 415 and 416: 394 Grasslands of the world thinkin
Page 417 and 418: 396 TABLE 10.4 Climate data of the
Page 419 and 420: 398 Plate 10.5 Kochia prostrata Pla
Page 421 and 422: 400 Plate 10.7 Forest -steppe with
Page 423 and 424: 402 Grasslands of the world Young f
Page 425 and 426: 404 Plate 10.9 Poa bulbosa. Grassla
Page 427 and 428: 406 Grasslands of the world shade-l
Page 429 and 430: 408 Grasslands of the world Physica
Page 431 and 432: 410 Grasslands of the world Mikheev
Page 433 and 434: 412 Grasslands of the world it was
Page 435: 414 Grasslands of the world of grou
Page 439 and 440: 418 Plate 11.1 Trifolium fragiferum
Page 441 and 442: 420 Plate 11.2 Millet, a major crop
Page 445 and 446: 424 Grasslands of the world sudania
Page 447 and 448: 426 Grasslands of the world perenni
Page 449 and 450: 428 Plate 11.8 Park grasslands in N
Page 451 and 452: 430 Grasslands of the world In Para
Page 453 and 454: 432 Plate 11.10b A grassland domina
Page 455 and 456: 434 Grasslands of the world the nor
Page 457 and 458: 436 Grasslands of the world remaini
Page 459 and 460: 438 Plate 11.15 Small ruminants on
Page 461 and 462: 440 Plate 11.19 Qinghai - motorcycl
Page 463 and 464: 442 Plate 11.21 Leymus chinensis .
Page 465 and 466: 444 Plate 11.22 The Himalaya -Hindu
Page 467 and 468: 446 Plate 11.24 Transhumant Kuchi f
Page 469 and 470: 448 Grasslands of the world grazing
Page 471 and 472: 450 Plate 11.27 Delivering fodder t
Page 473 and 474: 452 Plate 11.29 Syrian rangeland ha
Page 475 and 476: 454 Grasslands of the world tains.
Page 477 and 478: 456 Grasslands of the world Turkey
Page 479 and 480: 458 Plate 11.31 Sainfoin (Onobrychi
Page 481 and 482: 460 Grasslands of the world Gintzbu
Page 483 and 484: Grassland perspectives 463 Chapter
Page 485 and 486: Grassland perspectives 465 as well
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ALICE CARLONI ALICE CARLONI Grassla
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Grassland perspectives 469 The gras
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Grassland perspectives 471 Trees an
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Grassland perspectives 473 is lost.
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Grassland perspectives 475 breeding
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Grassland perspectives 477 traditio
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Grassland perspectives 479 the numb
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Grassland perspectives 481 to sown
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S.G. REYNOLDS SARDI Grassland persp
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MAGNUS HALLING SARDI Grassland pers
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Grassland perspectives 487 fencing
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MARZIO MARZOT Grassland perspective
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S.G. REYNOLDS Grassland perspective
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Grassland perspectives 493 extremel
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Index 495 A Acacia spp. 31, 34, 36,
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Index 497 B Baccharis spp. 175, 182
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Index 499 Chamaecrista spp. 199, 37
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Index 501 ciliatum 199 elegans 199
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Index 503 fl echillares 176, 177 fl
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Index 505 I Imperata spp. 3, 442, 4
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Index 507 sheep 288, 323, 326, 330
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Index 509 Poa spp. 133, 134, 135, 1
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Index 511 Sheep 14, 15, 38, 39, 84,
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Index 513 Tiller density 204 Touris
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