Livy, Volume XI, translated by Evan T. Sage, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1983. Livy, Volume XII, translated by Evan T. Sage and Alfred C. Schlesinger, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1938. Livy, Volume XIII, translated by Alfred C. Schlesinger, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1951. Livy, <strong>The</strong> War with Hannibal, translated by A. de Selincourt, Penguin edn., London, 1972. Livy, Hannibal’s war, Books twenty-one to thirty, translated by J. C. Yardley, Oxford, 2006. Livy, Book XXXIX (187-183BC), translated by P. G. Walsh, Warminster, 1994. Livy, Book XXXVII (191-189BC), translated by P. G. Walsh, Warminster, 1992. Lucan, De Bello Civile, 1-10, translated by J. D. Duff, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1957. Lucian, Dialogues of the Dead, VII, translated by M. D. MacLeod, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1961. Lucian, <strong>The</strong> Works of Lucian, III, translated by M. D. Macleod, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1992. Lucian, Seventy Dialogues, Introduction and Commentary by Harry L. Levy, Oklahoma, 1976. Lucian, Selected Dialogues, translated and edited by C. D. N. Costa, Oxford, 2005. Macrobius, Saturnalia, translated by Percival Vaughan Davies, New York, 1969. Macrobius, Saturnalia, Text: Macrobius Works, ed. Jacob Willis, Bibliotheca Teubneriana, 1994. Manilius, Astronomica, translated by G. P. Goold, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1977. Marcus Junianus Justinus, Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus, Book 31, translated by Rev. John Selby Watson, London, 1853. Martial, Epigrams, I, translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1993. Martial, Epigrams, II, translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1993. Martial, Epigrams, III, translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1993. Pliny, Natural Histories, II, Books 3-7, Translated by H. Rackham, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1942. Pliny, Natural Histories, IV, Books 12-16, Translated by H. Rackham, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1945. Pliny, Natural Histories, V, Books 17-19, Translated by H. Rackham, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1950. Plautus, Amphitruo, David Christenson (ed.), Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics, Cambridge, 2000. Plautus, <strong>The</strong> Rope and other Plays, translated by E. F. Watling, Penguin edn., London, 1964. Plutarch, „Fabius Maximus‟ in Makers of Rome, translated by Ian Scott-Kilvert, Penguin edn., London, 1965. Plutarch‟s Lives III, translated by Bernadotte Perrin, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1967. Plutarch‟s Lives V, translated by Bernadotte Perrin, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1955. Polybius, Histories I, translated by W. Paton, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 2000. Polybius, Histories II, translated by W. Paton, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 2001. Polybius, Histories IV, translated by W. Paton, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 2000. 239
Polybius, Histories V, translated by W. Paton, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1992. Polybius, <strong>The</strong> Rise of the Roman Empire, translated by Ian Scott-Kilvert, Penguin edn., London, 1979. Propertius, Elegies, translated by G. P. Goold, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1990. Sallust, War with Catiline. War with Jugurtha. Selections from the Histories. Doubtful Works, translated by J. C. Rolfe, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1947. Seneca, VII Naturales Quaestiones, translated by T. H. Corcoran, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1971. Sextus Aurelius Victor, Liber de Caesaribus, edited by F. Pichlmayr, Teubner, Leipzig, 1993. Silius Italicus, Punica, I, translated by J. D. Duff, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1989. Silius Italicus, Punica, II, translated by J. D. Duff, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1996. Statius, Silvae, translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 2003. Strabo, Geography, II, translated by Horace Leonard Jones, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1923. Suetonius, Divus Iulius C, edited with an introduction and commentary by H. E. Butler and M. Cary, Oxford, 1927. Tacitus, Annals, translated by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb, in Complete Works of Tacitus, ed., Moses Hadas, Random House, 1942. Tertullian, Apology. De Spectaculis. Minucius Felix, translated by T. R. Glover and Gerald H. Rendall, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1931. Tertullian, Ad Nationes, translated by Peter Holmes, Christian Classics Electronic Library, Wheaton College [Tertullian.org] Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, translated by R. Warner, Penguin edn., London, 1972. Valerius Maximus, Memorable Doings and Sayings, Books I-V, translated by D. R. Shackleton Bailey, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 2000. Virgil, I, Eclogues, Georgics, Aeneid, 1-6, translated by H. R. Fairclough, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 2004. Xenophon, Memorabilia, Oeconomicus, Symposium, Apology, translated by E. C. Marchant and O. J. Todd, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass., 1923. Websites: <strong>The</strong>se sites have been used during the construction of this thesis. All were live as of 22 June 2009. Latin texts: Corpus scriptorum latinorum http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/authors_a.html http://clt.brepolis.net.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/llta/Default.aspx Greek texts: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Plb.+1.1 Semitic texts: http://www.trismegistos.org/genbib/detail.php?id=7750 <strong>The</strong> Internet Classics Archive: http://classics.mit.edu/ Dryden, John, transl. Plutarch, <strong>The</strong> Comparison of Pelipodas with Marcellus 240
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http://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz
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Abstract There are many stories abo
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Table of Abbreviations Latin and Gr
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Hannibal almost duels with Aemilius
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Acknowledgements My first heartfelt
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to produce a historical study of th
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published in the Flavian period. Th
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offers a more plausible historical
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second century were entertained wit
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There is, of course, deep appreciat
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apt witticism by echoing Ovid on Ca
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features in their texts to prioriti
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among the greatest stumbling blocks
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historiographical tradition but may
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accompanying scenes of titillation,
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at the opening of this Introduction
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eferences are found within speeches
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Polybius states that Hamilcar Barca
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within the third decad by concludin
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her final imprecation that Carthage
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ack into mythical time. The Barca f
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haec inter iuncto religatus in ordi
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claims that Hannibal had avenged th
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previously beaten enemy, and that t
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the same family have held such a co
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Polybius and Livy. 130 Initially, S
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Chapter 2: Hannibal appropriates He
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ut iste volunt (Livy, 21.10.8). Mor
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In the Phoenician or Carthaginian p
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Presently the wondrous treasure bec
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to Hamilcar; his preference is unex
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tracks, disguising movements, layin
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travelling from Spain to Italy). In
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Progress is slow in the Punica beca
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(Hist. 3.48.12). He debunks any pre
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forces, 191 sending some to Spain (
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These differences arise in part fro
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Livy presents Rome‟s resistance t
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Polybius, Livy and Silius Italicus
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Multa secum quonam inde ire pergere
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inflicted on those captured by Hann
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significant roles in each of the ot
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In this quote Livy echoes Cato‟s
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Representations of Hannibal threate
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„debellata procul, quaecumque voc
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immediately following has turned to
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ηαπ ηα δὲ πξ μαο δη
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Where Livy‟s Hannibal gains a new
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Livy‟s presentation allows for an
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Trasimene than after Cannae. One un
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They believed that, thanks to their
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Pompey: „you are our last resort:
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eference to Mithridates‟ courtier
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epresentation is very indirect. It
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have been better for Rome than vict
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Representing Hannibal’s leadershi
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Descriptive lists summarising the o
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Inde rursus sollicitari seditione m
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In the other part of the field Paul
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death in battle added glory to the
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initially slow: segne primo (Livy,
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haud secus ac, fractae rector si fo
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πάληα δ᾽ ἦλ ηὰ πα
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followed by expiation rites as pres
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Silius Italicus uses omens to conne
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observe: „the differences between
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Chapter 5: Invading Campania, 217 a
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Besides the above advantages the wh
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Cum satis sciret per easdem angusti
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text is that everything is well org
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apida iam subdita peste virgulta at
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characteristic that Polybius notes
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ark, not surrendering until they re
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The people suddenly seized the Pref
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joining other senators with their f
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Silius Italicus, however, has the f
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Effects of Capuan luxury Hannibal d
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Nec Venerem interea fugit exoptabil
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compatriots from Spain, these deser
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Chapter 6: Hannibalis sat nomen era
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The claim was disputed in ancient t
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Livy stresses the importance of thi
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Fortune 360 will provide a means fo
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political climate of Augustan Rome
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about the same time: Romam per eosd
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Mother (Livy, 29.10.4-5). After con
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to recall Hannibal. The description
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namque gravis curis carpit dum noct
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„Turn the ships‟ prows back tow
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Whether Rome or Carthage should giv
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ὄθξα θαὶ νὐθ ἐζέ
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fingenti qua volt flectit (Livy, 30
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the gods by conducting it so well.
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Adesse finem belli ac laboris, in m
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does Scipio. Appian closes the scen
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other protagonists involved in a co
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- Page 209 and 210: Somewhat less credible is the detai
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- Page 213 and 214: Cornelius Nepos similarly depicts F
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- Page 217 and 218: Missus Hannibal in Hispaniam primo
- Page 219 and 220: By nature he was eager for action a
- Page 221 and 222: Conclusions There are a number of c
- Page 223 and 224: It is interesting to note that epis
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- Page 227 and 228: The fifth chapter compared treatmen
- Page 229 and 230: Livy and Polybius who depict Hannib
- Page 231 and 232: Figure 1: Kraay, Pl.112 No 332 Figu
- Page 233 and 234: Figure 5: ‘Hannibal,’ Museo Arc
- Page 235 and 236: Appendix 1: Omen lists for Cannae,
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- Page 239 and 240: attle; occasionally naming the comm
- Page 241 and 242: It is with the final word at the cl
- Page 243: Bibliography Ancient texts and tran
- Page 247 and 248: Barnes, W. R., 1995, „Silius Ital
- Page 249 and 250: Dominik, W. J., 2003, „Hannibal a
- Page 251 and 252: Hoyos, Dexter, 1999, „A modern vi
- Page 253 and 254: Morgan, M. G., 1972, „Polybius an
- Page 255 and 256: Seymour Forster, Edward, 1995, (tra