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http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/p_m_comp.1b.txt Early English Books Online: Thomas Nabbes, Hannibal and Scipio http://eebo.chadwyck.com.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/home Brill's New Pauly http://www.brillonline.nl.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/subscriber/uid=3266/?authstatuscode= 202 Cambridge Ancient History online http://histories.cambridge.org.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/uid=150/private_home Crawford, M. H., 2001, Roman Republican Coinage, I and II, Cambridge, ACLS History E-Book. http://quod.lib.umich.edu.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/cgi/t/text/textidx?c=acls;idno=heb01433.0001.001 Peutinger Table: Bibliotheca Augustana http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost03/Tabula/tab_intr.html Reference texts: Cambridge Ancient History, 8, editions 1, 2, Introduction and Chapters 1 & 2. Grueber, H. A., 1970, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum II, London. Books and papers Ahl, F. M., Davis, M., and Pomeroy, A., 1986, „Silius Italicus,‟ ANRW, II 32.4, 2492- 2561. Ahl, F. M., 1993, „Form empowered: Lucan‟s Pharsalia‟ in A. J. Boyle, (ed.), Roman Epic, London. Anderson, Andrew Runni, 1928, „Heracles and his successors: A study of a heroic ideal and the recurrence of a heroic type,‟ HSCP, 39.7-58. Anderson, W. R., 1993, Barbarian Play: Plautus’ Roman Comedy, Toronto. Ash, Rhiannon, 1998, „Waving the white flag: surrender scenes at Livy, 9.5-6 and Tacitus,‟ Histories, 3.31 and 4.62,‟ G&R, 45.1, 27-44. Ash, Rhiannon, 1999, Ordering Anarchy, Duckworth. Astin, A. E., 1951, „Sources‟ in Cook, S. A., Adcock, F. E., Charlesworth, M. P., (eds.), CAH, VIII, 2 nd edition, Cambridge. Astin, A. E., 1989, „Sources‟ in A. E. Astin, F. W. Walbank, M. W. Frederiksen and R. M. Ogilvie, (eds.), Cambridge Histories Online, Cambridge, 08 May 2009. Astin, A. E., 1967, Scipio Aemilianus, Oxford. Augoustakis, Antonios, 2001, Facta virum sileo: Re-constructing female action in Silius Italicus’ Punica, PhD dissertation, Brown University. Augoustakis, Antonios, 2003, „Lugendam formae sine virginitate reliquit: Reading Pyrene and the transformation of landscape in Silius‟ Punica 3,‟ in AJP, 124.2, 235- 257. Augoustakis, Antonios, 2006, „Regulus and Marcia in Punica 6,‟ Ramus, 35.2, Bendigo. Bagnall, Field Marshall Sir Nigel, 2005, The Punic wars: Rome, Carthage, and the Struggle for the Mediterranean, New York. 241
Barnes, W. R., 1995, „Silius Italicus‟ in Horsfall, N., (ed.), A Companion to the Study of Virgil, New York. Baronowski, D. W., 2003, review of Walbank, F.W., 2002, Polybius Rome and the Hellenistic World: Essays and Reflections, Cambridge. Barré, M. J., 1983, The God-List in the Treaty between Hannibal and Philip V of Macedonia: A Study in Light of the Near East Treaty Tradition, Baltimore. Bassett, E., 1966, „Hercules and the hero of the Punica,‟ in Wallach, Luitpold, (ed.), The Classical Tradition: Literary and Historical Studies in Honor of Harry Caplan, New York, 258-2. Gian Biagio Conte, 1994, Latin Literature: A History, translated by Joseph Solodow, Johns Hopkins. Beard, Mary and Michael Crawford, 1985, Rome in the Late Republic, London. Beard, Mary, 2007, The Roman Triumph, Cambridge, Mass. Bennet, Charles E., 2003, (transl.,) Frontinus’ Stratagems; Aqueducts of Rome, Loeb edn., Cambridge, Mass. Betlyon, John W., 1999, Review of Lancel, Serge, 1998, Hannibal, Oxford, in Classical Journal, 27.4, 183. Bickerman, Elias, J., 1952, „Hannibal‟s covenant,‟ AJP, 73.1, 1-23. Bickerman, Elias, J., 1944, „An oath of Hannibal,‟ TAPA, 75, 87-102. Billot, F. A., 2005a, „Antonius nove Hannibal: Cicero‟s use of Hannibal in the Philippics and elsewhere,‟ Classicum, 31.2, 12-20. Billot, F. A., 2005b, „Hannibal crosses the Alps: Charting the changing perceptions of the Hannibal figure in Polybius, Livy and other ancient sources,‟ in Michael Aradas and Nicholas C. J. Pappas, (eds.), Themes in European History: Essays from the 2 nd International Conference on European History, Athens. Birley, Antony Richard, 1999, Septimius Severus: the African Emperor, London. Bonnet, C., 1986, „Melqart, cultes et mythes de l‟Héraklès tyrien en Méditerranée,‟ Studia-Phoenicia 8, Namur-Leuven. Bosworth, Brian, 2003, „Plus ça change… Ancient historians and their sources,‟ Classical Antiquity, 167-198. Boyle, A. J. and Sullivan, J. P., (eds.), 1991, Roman Poets of the Early Empire, London. Boyle, A. J., (ed.), 1993, Roman Epic, London. Braund, S., (ed.), 1989, „City and country in Roman satire‟ in Satire and Society in Ancient Rome, Exeter. Braund, David and Gill, Christopher, (eds.), 2003, Myth, History and Culture in Republican Rome: Studies in Honour of T. P. Wiseman, Exeter. Braund, Susanna and Gilbert, Giles, 2003, „An ABC of epic ira,‟ in Braund, S., and Most, G., (eds.), Ancient Anger Perspectives from Homer to Galen, Cambridge. Bradford, Ernle, 1981, Hannibal, London. Briscoe, John, 1973, A Commentary on Livy Books 31-33, Oxford. Briscoe, John, 1980, review of Walbank, F. W., 1979, A Historical Commentary on Polybius, Volume iii, Commentary on Books xix-xl, Oxford in The Classical Review, 30.2, 189-191. Briscoe, John, 1981, review of Wiseman, T. P., 1979, Clio’s Cosmetics: Three Studies in Greco-Roman Literature, Leicester in The Classical Review, 31.1, 49-51. Brizzi, Giovani, 1984, Studi di Storia Annibalica, Faenza. Brown, J. E. T., 1963, Hannibal‟s route across the Alps, G&R, 10.1, 38-46. Bruère, Richard, T., 1952, „Silius Italicus Punica 3.62-162 and 4.763-822,‟ CP, 47.4, 219-227. Brunt, Peter A., 1971, Italian Manpower, Oxford. 242
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Abstract There are many stories abo
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Table of Abbreviations Latin and Gr
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Hannibal almost duels with Aemilius
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Acknowledgements My first heartfelt
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to produce a historical study of th
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published in the Flavian period. Th
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offers a more plausible historical
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second century were entertained wit
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There is, of course, deep appreciat
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apt witticism by echoing Ovid on Ca
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features in their texts to prioriti
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among the greatest stumbling blocks
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historiographical tradition but may
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accompanying scenes of titillation,
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at the opening of this Introduction
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eferences are found within speeches
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Polybius states that Hamilcar Barca
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within the third decad by concludin
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her final imprecation that Carthage
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ack into mythical time. The Barca f
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haec inter iuncto religatus in ordi
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claims that Hannibal had avenged th
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previously beaten enemy, and that t
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the same family have held such a co
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Polybius and Livy. 130 Initially, S
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Chapter 2: Hannibal appropriates He
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ut iste volunt (Livy, 21.10.8). Mor
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In the Phoenician or Carthaginian p
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Presently the wondrous treasure bec
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to Hamilcar; his preference is unex
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tracks, disguising movements, layin
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travelling from Spain to Italy). In
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Progress is slow in the Punica beca
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(Hist. 3.48.12). He debunks any pre
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forces, 191 sending some to Spain (
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These differences arise in part fro
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Livy presents Rome‟s resistance t
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Polybius, Livy and Silius Italicus
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Multa secum quonam inde ire pergere
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inflicted on those captured by Hann
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significant roles in each of the ot
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In this quote Livy echoes Cato‟s
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Representations of Hannibal threate
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„debellata procul, quaecumque voc
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immediately following has turned to
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ηαπ ηα δὲ πξ μαο δη
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Where Livy‟s Hannibal gains a new
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Livy‟s presentation allows for an
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Trasimene than after Cannae. One un
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They believed that, thanks to their
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Pompey: „you are our last resort:
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eference to Mithridates‟ courtier
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epresentation is very indirect. It
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have been better for Rome than vict
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Representing Hannibal’s leadershi
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Descriptive lists summarising the o
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Inde rursus sollicitari seditione m
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In the other part of the field Paul
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death in battle added glory to the
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initially slow: segne primo (Livy,
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haud secus ac, fractae rector si fo
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πάληα δ᾽ ἦλ ηὰ πα
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followed by expiation rites as pres
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Silius Italicus uses omens to conne
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observe: „the differences between
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Chapter 5: Invading Campania, 217 a
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Besides the above advantages the wh
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Cum satis sciret per easdem angusti
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text is that everything is well org
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apida iam subdita peste virgulta at
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characteristic that Polybius notes
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ark, not surrendering until they re
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The people suddenly seized the Pref
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joining other senators with their f
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Silius Italicus, however, has the f
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Effects of Capuan luxury Hannibal d
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Nec Venerem interea fugit exoptabil
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compatriots from Spain, these deser
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Chapter 6: Hannibalis sat nomen era
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The claim was disputed in ancient t
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Livy stresses the importance of thi
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Fortune 360 will provide a means fo
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political climate of Augustan Rome
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about the same time: Romam per eosd
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Mother (Livy, 29.10.4-5). After con
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to recall Hannibal. The description
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namque gravis curis carpit dum noct
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„Turn the ships‟ prows back tow
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Whether Rome or Carthage should giv
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ὄθξα θαὶ νὐθ ἐζέ
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fingenti qua volt flectit (Livy, 30
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the gods by conducting it so well.
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Adesse finem belli ac laboris, in m
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does Scipio. Appian closes the scen
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other protagonists involved in a co
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arrangement of the text, Hannibal e
Page 195 and 196: Cum in apparando acerrime esset occ
Page 197 and 198: qui nunc servatas evertat funditas
Page 199 and 200: Livy‟s presentation of Hannibal i
Page 201 and 202: Hannibal the Scapegoat and Warmonge
Page 203 and 204: shelter. Hannibal sailed out in the
Page 205 and 206: direct speech by Hannibal to Antioc
Page 207 and 208: Hannibal unus, cuius eo tempore vel
Page 209 and 210: Somewhat less credible is the detai
Page 211 and 212: Sic vir fortissimus, multis variisq
Page 213 and 214: Cornelius Nepos similarly depicts F
Page 215 and 216: The Sibyl predicts that Hannibal wi
Page 217 and 218: Missus Hannibal in Hispaniam primo
Page 219 and 220: By nature he was eager for action a
Page 221 and 222: Conclusions There are a number of c
Page 223 and 224: It is interesting to note that epis
Page 225 and 226: and pietas, with Polybius and Corne
Page 227 and 228: The fifth chapter compared treatmen
Page 229 and 230: Livy and Polybius who depict Hannib
Page 231 and 232: Figure 1: Kraay, Pl.112 No 332 Figu
Page 233 and 234: Figure 5: ‘Hannibal,’ Museo Arc
Page 235 and 236: Appendix 1: Omen lists for Cannae,
Page 237 and 238: Appendix 2: The importance of names
Page 239 and 240: attle; occasionally naming the comm
Page 241 and 242: It is with the final word at the cl
Page 243 and 244: Bibliography Ancient texts and tran
Page 245: Polybius, Histories V, translated b
Page 249 and 250: Dominik, W. J., 2003, „Hannibal a
Page 251 and 252: Hoyos, Dexter, 1999, „A modern vi
Page 253 and 254: Morgan, M. G., 1972, „Polybius an
Page 255 and 256: Seymour Forster, Edward, 1995, (tra
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