A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 117 of 151 12/8/2017 berichtet. In fact, once it is established that someone said, reported, thought or felt something about a subject, then the subjunctive I mood will be the only signal of whether the statement is a reported one or one presented by the author of the text as true. Unit: 14: Subjunctive I 5. Other Uses of Subjunctive I Sei and seien – “to let be”: Es sei hier erwähnt, daß . . . Let it be mentioned here, that . . . [or:] Let us mention here that . . . X und Y seien die Achsen. Let X and Y be the axes. Recipes, directions (usually with the pronoun “man” as the subject): Man koche ein Liter Wasser. Boil a liter of water. Man nehme ein Pfund Schokolade. Take a pound of chocolate. Wishes and exhortations: Lang lebe die Königin. Long live the Queen. Er ruhe in Frieden. May he rest in peace. Unit: 15: Subjunctive II 1. Objectives In this unit you will learn how to:
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 118 of 151 12/8/2017 Identify and translate the subjunctive II verbal mood. Unit: 15: Subjunctive II 2. Subjunctive II Meaning In the previous unit we dealt with the subjunctive as used in indirect discourse and a few other special cases. That was Subjunctive I. Subjunctive II is the form of subjunctive used in wishes and conditional sentences to signal whether a situation is hypothetical or not. Its most common usage is in “if . . . then” statements. For example, when the German words wenn (if) and so or dann (then) precede the clauses in the sentence, you can often expect the verbs to appear in their subjunctive II forms. This mood is usually expressed in English with the verb “would” or with the simple past form of the verb: “I would buy one, if I had the money.” If the concept of the subjunctive mood is unfamiliar to you, an informal, but accurate, online introduction to the subjunctive mood as used in both English and German can be found at: http://german.about.com/od/grammar/a/konjunktivII.htm (link opens in new window). Unit: 15: Subjunctive II 3. Subjunctive II Forms Whereas the subjunctive I forms of the verbs are based on the infinitive form (sei from sein, habe from haben, etc.), the subjunctive II forms are based on the simple-past forms of the verbs. The reading challenge for you is that whereas subjunctive I verb forms are always clearly, visibly unique to subjunctive I, subjunctive II forms are only distinctively unique for some irregular verbs. For regular and some other irregular verbs, the subjunctive II present-tense forms are completely identical to the indicative (normal) simple-past verb forms. Fortunately, for this very reason, it is for irregular verbs that you will more often encounter subjunctive II usages. Present Tense Taking the irregular verbs haben and sein as examples, note that the verb endings are all the same as for subjunctive I (which is a helpful cue) and that the
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A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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